Search results for "Guarantee."

La nuova disciplina delle notificazioni all'imputato

2023

La Riforma Cartabia interviene sul tema delle notificazioni ripensando alle forme e rimarcandone il ruolo chiave nel- le dinamiche del processo penale. Il sistema che ne deriva è un sistema ibrido che, alternando modalità telemati- che e modalità tradizionali, ruota attorno a due meccanismi di snellimento dell’iter, e cioè gli avvisi e il domicilio dichiarato o eletto, che sembrano operare in controtendenza rispetto alla regola generale di favorire la conoscenza effettiva dell’atto, mettendo a serio rischio le garanzie in nome della tanto declamata ‘efficienza’. The Cartabia Reform intervenes on the issue of notifications by rethinking the forms and emphasizing their key role in the dynamic…

Guaranteed error bounds for a class of Picard-Lindelöf iteration methods

2013

We present a new version of the Picard-Lindelof method for ordinary dif- ¨ ferential equations (ODEs) supplied with guaranteed and explicitly computable upper bounds of an approximation error. The upper bounds are based on the Ostrowski estimates and the Banach fixed point theorem for contractive operators. The estimates derived in the paper take into account interpolation and integration errors and, therefore, provide objective information on the accuracy of computed approximations. peerReviewed

Rank structured approximation method for quasi--periodic elliptic problems

2016

We consider an iteration method for solving an elliptic type boundary value problem $\mathcal{A} u=f$, where a positive definite operator $\mathcal{A}$ is generated by a quasi--periodic structure with rapidly changing coefficients (typical period is characterized by a small parameter $\epsilon$) . The method is based on using a simpler operator $\mathcal{A}_0$ (inversion of $\mathcal{A}_0$ is much simpler than inversion of $\mathcal{A}$), which can be viewed as a preconditioner for $\mathcal{A}$. We prove contraction of the iteration method and establish explicit estimates of the contraction factor $q$. Certainly the value of $q$ depends on the difference between $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal…

Experimental duopolies under price guarantees

2011

In a symmetric differentiated experimental duopoly we test the ability of Price Guarantees (PGs) to raise prices above the competitive levels. Different types of PGs ("aggressive" and "soft" price-beating and price-matching) are implemented either as an exogenously imposed market rule or as a business strategy. Our results show that PGs may lead close to the collusive outcome, depending on whether the interaction between duopolists is repeated and provided that the guarantee is not of the "aggressive" price-beating type.

Pricing the Option to Surrender in Incomplete Markets

2010

New international accounting standards require insurers to reflect the value of embedded options and guarantees in their products. Pricing techniques based on the Black and Scholes paradigm are often used; however, the hypotheses underneath this model are rarely met. We propose a framework that encompasses the most known sources of incompleteness. We show that the surrender option, joined with a wide range of claims embedded in insurance contracts, can be priced through our tool, and deliver hedging portfolios to mitigate the risk arising from their positions. We provide extensive empirical analysis to highlight the effect of incompleteness on the fair value of the option.

The Youth Guarantee and lifelong guidance

2013

El derecho de tenuta como garantía de la restitución dotal en el derecho foral valenciano

2000

The right of «tenuta» arises once the year of mourning —«any de plor»— has elapsed where the heirs to the deceased husband have neither returned the dowry —«exovar»— to the surviving wife nor paid the dotal increase —«creix»—. The widow then obtains possession of the deceased husband's property and is entitled to its usufruct by operation of law. Its purpose is to act as a guarantee, since it aims to secure the return of the «exovar». The «tenuta» ceases when the heirs return the dowry and pay the dotal increase, which means that if they do so immediately after the marriage has ceased, the right does not take effect. The widow may also be deprived of the «tenuta» if she retains it malicious…

Asset and Liability Management for Insurance Products with Minimum Guarantees: The UK Case

2006

Abstract Modern insurance products are becoming increasingly complex, offering various guarantees, surrender options and bonus provisions. A case in point are the with-profits insurance policies offered by UK insurers. While these policies have been offered in some form for centuries, in recent years their structure and management have become substantially more involved. The products are particularly complicated due to the wide discretion they afford insurers in determining the bonuses policyholders receive. In this paper, we study the problem of an insurance firm attempting to structure the portfolio underlying its with-profits fund. The resulting optimization problem, a non-linear program…

The judicial guarantee of the right to health: between the indirect protection and the specific justiciability

2019

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es el estudio de los mecanismos de garantía judicial del derecho a la salud. Se estudian, de un lado, aquellos que protegen este derecho a través de la vía de la interrelación con otros derechos, como es el caso del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos o del sistema interamericano. De otro lado, se tratan los sistemas que reconocen una justiciabilidad autónoma al derecho a la salud, destacando la litigación en países como Brasil o Colombia, y las críticas que ello ha recibido. Ante estas reservas, como las inequidades encontradas en el acceso a los tribunales y la excesiva intervención judicial, como objetivo último se plantean algunas respuestas, entre…

Asset and Liability Modelling for Participating Policies with Guarantee

2008

We study the problem of asset and liability management of participating insurance policies with guarantees. We develop a scenario optimization model for integrative asset and liability management, analyze the tradeoffs in structuring such policies, and study alternative choices in funding them. The nonlinearly constrained optimization model can be linearized through closed form solutions of the dynamic equations. Thus large-scale problems are solved with standard methods. We report on an empirical analysis of policies offered by Italian insurers. The optimized model results are in general agreement with current industry practices. However, some inefficiencies are identified and potential im…