Search results for "H4"
showing 10 items of 376 documents
Whole mitochondrial genomes unveil the impact of domestication on goat matrilineal variability
2015
Background The current extensive use of the domestic goat (Capra hircus) is the result of its medium size and high adaptability as multiple breeds. The extent to which its genetic variability was influenced by early domestication practices is largely unknown. A common standard by which to analyze maternally-inherited variability of livestock species is through complete sequencing of the entire mitogenome (mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA). Results We present the first extensive survey of goat mitogenomic variability based on 84 complete sequences selected from an initial collection of 758 samples that represent 60 different breeds of C. hircus, as well as its wild sister species, bezoar (Capra aega…
In-situ analysis of the gas-emissions of the Eastern Carpathians (Romania) using the Multi-Gas instrument
2019
The Multi-Gas instrument is an important tool for the investigations and monitoring of volcanic systems world- wide, because it can be easily placed on a volcano and can provide real-time data on the compositional changes of the fluids that are released (Aiuppa et al., 2005, Shinohara et al., 2005). We used a specially designed Multi-Gas to gather in situ compositional information about low-temperature, CO2-rich gases, emerging from different manifestations like dry gas emissions (mofettes), bubbling pools and springs. The instrument is equipped with two IR sensors for CO2 (0-100%) and CH4 (0-7%) and one electrochemical sensor for H2S (0-200 ppm). The Multi-Gas was used during several field…
Nitrous oxide emission budgets and land-use-driven hotspots for organic soils in Europe
2014
Organic soils are a main source of direct emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), an important greenhouse gas (GHG). Observed N2O emissions from organic soils are highly variable in space and time, which causes high uncertainties in national emission inventories. Those uncertainties could be reduced when relating the upscaling process to a priori-identified key drivers by using available N2O observations from plot scale in empirical approaches. We used the empirical fuzzy modelling approach MODE to identify main drivers for N2O and utilize them to predict the spatial emission pattern of European organic soils. We conducted a meta-study with a total amount of 659 annual N2O measurements, which was…
Savvaļas skābeņu sugas kā modeļi ekofizioloģiskajos pētījumos veģetācijas eksperimenta apstākļos: fizioloģisko gradientu un minerālvielu nodrošinājum…
2021
Augi sev nepieciešamos elementus uzņem caur augsni un uzkrāj dažādās auga daļās. Dažādu elementu koncentrācija augu daļās ir atkarīga no dažādiem faktoriem – sugas, vides, auga vecuma, auga fizioloģijas. Pētījumā izmantoja četras savvaļas skābeņu sugas: Rumex hydrolapathum, Rumex confertus, Rumex maritimus, Rumex longifolius. Sugām noteica lapu fizioloģiskos un morfoloģiskos parametrus. Mērija hlorofila a fluorescenci, lapu garumu, platumu, svaigo un sauso masu, kā arī veica jonu analīzes. 2019. gadā pētījumu turpināja, apskatot Rumex hydrolapathum reakciju uz dažādām minerālvielu kompleksa koncentrācijām un slāpekļa ietekmi dažādās formās (NO3- un NH4+) Pētījums liecina, ka dažādām skābeņu…
A Genome-Wide Screen for Interactions Reveals a New Locus on 4p15 Modifying the Effect of Waist-to-Hip Ratio on Total Cholesterol
2011
Recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies described 95 loci controlling serum lipid levels. These common variants explain ∼25% of the heritability of the phenotypes. To date, no unbiased screen for gene–environment interactions for circulating lipids has been reported. We screened for variants that modify the relationship between known epidemiological risk factors and circulating lipid levels in a meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) data from 18 population-based cohorts with European ancestry (maximum N = 32,225). We collected 8 further cohorts (N = 17,102) for replication, and rs6448771 on 4p15 demonstrated genome-wide significant interaction with waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR) on …
Genome-wide analyses of individual differences in quantitatively assessed reading- and language-related skills in up to 34,000 people
2022
Published August 23, 2022 The use of spoken and written language is a fundamental human capacity. Individual differences in reading- and language-related skills are influenced by genetic variation, with twin-based heritability estimates of 30 to 80% depending on the trait. The genetic architecture is complex, heterogeneous, and multifactorial, but investigations of contributions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were thus far underpowered. We present a multicohort genome-wide association study (GWAS) of five traits assessed individually using psychometric measures (word reading, nonword reading, spelling, phoneme awareness, and nonword repetition) in samples of 13,633 to 33,959 part…
Insights into mRNP biogenesis provided by new genetic interactions among export and transcription factors.
2012
Abstract Background The various steps of mRNP biogenesis (transcription, processing and export) are interconnected. It has been shown that the transcription machinery plays a pivotal role in mRNP assembly, since several mRNA export factors are recruited during transcription and physically interact with components of the transcription machinery. Although the shuttling DEAD-box protein Dbp5p is concentrated on the cytoplasmic fibrils of the NPC, previous studies demonstrated that it interacts physically and genetically with factors involved in transcription initiation. Results We investigated the effect of mutations affecting various components of the transcription initiation apparatus on the…
Gatekeeper of pluripotency: A common Oct4 transcriptional network operates in mouse eggs and embryonic stem cells
2011
Abstract Background Oct4 is a key factor of an expanded transcriptional network (Oct4-TN) that governs pluripotency and self-renewal in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and in the inner cell mass from which ESCs are derived. A pending question is whether the establishment of the Oct4-TN initiates during oogenesis or after fertilisation. To this regard, recent evidence has shown that Oct4 controls a poorly known Oct4-TN central to the acquisition of the mouse egg developmental competence. The aim of this study was to investigate the identity and extension of this maternal Oct4-TN, as much as whether its presence is circumscribed to the egg or maintained beyond fertilisation. Results By comparing …
Flower lose, a cell fitness marker, predicts COVID‐19 prognosis
2021
Abstract Risk stratification of COVID‐19 patients is essential for pandemic management. Changes in the cell fitness marker, hFwe‐Lose, can precede the host immune response to infection, potentially making such a biomarker an earlier triage tool. Here, we evaluate whether hFwe‐Lose gene expression can outperform conventional methods in predicting outcomes (e.g., death and hospitalization) in COVID‐19 patients. We performed a post‐mortem examination of infected lung tissue in deceased COVID‐19 patients to determine hFwe‐Lose’s biological role in acute lung injury. We then performed an observational study (n = 283) to evaluate whether hFwe‐Lose expression (in nasopharyngeal samples) could accu…
Cancer Stem Cell Biomarkers Predictive of Radiotherapy Response in Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review
2021
Background: Rectal cancer (RC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed and particularly challenging tumours to treat due to its location in the pelvis and close proximity to critical genitourinary organs. Radiotherapy (RT) is recognised as a key component of therapeutic strategy to treat RC, promoting the downsizing and downstaging of large RCs in neoadjuvant settings, although its therapeutic effect is limited due to radioresistance. Evidence from experimental and clinical studies indicates that the likelihood of achieving local tumour control by RT depends on the complete eradication of cancer stem cells (CSC), a minority subset of tumour cells with stemness properties. Methods: A systemati…