Search results for "HELMINTH"
showing 10 items of 363 documents
Intestinal helminth fauna of the South American sea lion Otaria flavescens and fur seal Arctocephalus australis from northern Patagonia, Argentina
2012
AbstractWe report on the intestinal helminth fauna of 56 South American sea lions, Otaria flavescens, and 5 South American fur seals, Arctocephalus australis, from northern Patagonia, Argentina. A total of 97,325 helminth specimens were collected from sea lions. Gravid individuals were represented by 6 species of parasites: 1 digenean (Ascocotyle (Ascocotyle) patagoniensis), 1 cestode (Diphyllobothrium spp.), 3 nematodes (Uncinaria hamiltoni, Contracaecum ogmorhini s.s., Pseudoterranova cattani) and 1 acanthocephalan (Corynosoma australe). In addition, third-stage larvae of 2 nematodes (Contracaecum sp. and Anisakis sp. type I) and 3 juvenile acanthocephalans (Andracantha sp., Profilicollis…
Relationship between diet and helminths in Gallotia caesaris (Sauria: Lacertidae)
2004
Diet and helminth fauna were analysed in Gallotia caesaris, a small lacertid lizard endemic to El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain) in order to study the evolutionary and functional relationships between the two traits. This species is omnivorous but consumed a high proportion (82.13%) of plant matter including not only seeds but also leaves and other vegetative parts. Helminth fauna included many helminth species typical of herbivorous reptiles. Both herbivory and helminth presence were higher than expected for a lizard of its size. Comparison with other lacertids suggests that both traits result from an adaptation to insular conditions but that some "evolutionary time" to develop them is nee…
The helminth community of the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus from the Erro River valley, Navarre, Spain.
2014
AbstractThe helminth fauna of the wood mouse,Apodemus sylvaticus, in the Erro River valley (Navarre, Spain) was investigated from a total of 150 mice between February 2001 and July 2002. An overall prevalence of 90.7% was recorded and up to 14 helminth species identified. The most prevalent species was the nematodeHeligmosomoidespolygyrus(78.0%), whereasSyphacia stromawas the species with the highest median abundance (19.8). The detection ofCalodium hepaticum,Rodentolepis stramineaand the larvae ofHydatigera taeniaeformisare significant, since these helminth species could be considered potential human parasites. The helminth infracommunity comprised no more than five species. A significant …
Gastrointestinal helminths of Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus from the Western Mediterranean.
2003
The gastrointestinal helminth fauna of 17 Risso's dolphins Grampus griseus (Cuvier, 1812) from the Western Mediterranean was analysed. Five helminth species were found. Adults and juveniles of Hadwenius delamurei were collected from the duodenum of 7 animals. Adults were located significantly more anteriorly than juveniles, which is compatible with a previous hypothesis that species of Hadwe- nius undergo an ontogenetic migration towards the anterior duodenum. Eggs from Pholeter gastrophilus appeared in 1 small cyst in the main stomach. Adults of Tetrabothrius forsteri and Trigonocotyle globicephalae were collected from the duodenum of 1 and 4 individuals, respectively. Metaces- todes, Scol…
The effect of glycosylation of antigens on the antibody responses against Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae).
2014
SUMMARYIn the present study, we analyse the effect of glycosylation inEchinostoma caproni(Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) antigens in antibody responses against the parasite in experimentally infected mice. It has been previously demonstrated that the mouse is a host of high compatibility withE. caproniand develops elevated responses of IgG, IgG1, IgG3 and IgM as a consequence of the infection, though the role of glycans in these responses remains unknown. To this purpose, the responses generated in mice against non-treated excretory/secretory antigens ofE. caproniwere compared with those observed after N-deglycosylation, O-deglycosylation and double deglycosylation of the antigens by indirect…
Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda): differential in vivo mucin expression and glycosylation in high- and low-compatible hosts.
2014
Enhanced mucus production and release appears to be a common mechanism for the clearance of intestinal helminths, and this expulsion is normally mediated by Th2-type immune responses. To investigate the factors determining the expulsion of intestinal helminths, we have analysed in vivo expression of mucin genes at the site of infection in two host species displaying different compatibility with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda). Surprisingly, a general down-regulation on mucin mRNA expression was detected in low-compatible hosts (rats) coinciding with the development of Th2/Th17 responses and the early rejection of the worms from the intestinal lumen. This suggests the existence of a mechanis…
Human toxocariasis: a report of nine cases
2008
Aim: Human toxocariasis is caused by infection with the larval stage of nematode parasites of dogs and cats, Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati. These helminths are not able to complete their life cycle in undefinitive hosts and so undergo aberrant migrations in the tissues causing a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms. Eosinophilia is often severe and sometimes represents the only sign of infection, except in ocular and neurological forms. Methods: We describe the clinical features of nine children affected by toxocariasis admitted to our Infectious Diseases department from 2004 to 2006. Results: Fever and hepatomegaly were the most common clinical findings. In two cases eosinophilia was not …
The effect of the acanthocephalan parasite Pomphorhynchus laevis on the lipid and glycogen content of its intermediate host Gammarus pulex
2001
Besides conspicuous changes in behaviour, manipulative parasites may also induce subtle physiological effects in the host that may also be favourable to the parasite. In particular, parasites may be able to influence the re-allocation of resources in their own favour. We studied the association between the presence of the acanthocephalan parasite, Pomphorhynchus laevis, and inter-individual variation in the lipid and glycogen content of its crustacean host, Gammarus pulex (Amphipoda). Infected gravid females had significantly lower lipid contents than uninfected females, but there was no difference in the lipid contents of non-gravid females and males that were infected with P. laevis. In c…
Th17 responses in Echinostoma caproni infections in hosts of high and low compatibility.
2011
In order to investigate the factors determining the expulsion of intestinal helminths, we have analyzed the in vivo expression of IL-17, TGF-β and IL-23 in several tissues of two host species displaying different compatibility with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda). We did not observe upregulation of these cytokines in any of the tissues of the high compatible host (mice). In contrast, the responses in the host of low compatibility (rats) with the parasite were markedly different. Significant increases in the expression of IL-17 and TGF-β were observed in the Peyer's patches and the intestine from the 2 to 8 weeks post-infection. The expression of IL-23 was upregulated from 2 to 4 weeks post-…
High fascioliasis infection in children linked to a man-made irrigation zone in Peru.
2002
We detected 10 protozoan and nine helminth species in surveys of 338 5-15 year-old Quechua schoolchildren in three communities of the Asillo zone of the Puno region, located at a very high altitude of 3910 m in the Peruvian Altiplano. The area proved to be hyperendemic for human fascioliasis with a 24.3% overall mean prevalence of Fasciola hepatica, local prevalences ranging between 18.8 and 31.3%, and infection intensities of up to 2496 eggs per gram of faeces (epg), with 196-350 epg (mean: 279 epg) and 96-152 epg (123 epg) as arithmetic and geometric means, respectively. Prevalences did not significantly vary between schools and in relation to sex. No statistical differences were found in…