Search results for "HLA"

Inhibitors of apoptosis confer resistance to tumour suppression by adoptively transplanted cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo

2005

Deregulation of apoptosis signalling is commonly found in cancer and results in resistance to cytotoxic therapies. Immunotherapy is a promising strategy to eliminate resistant cancer cells. The transfer of T-lymphocytes during allogeneic stem cell transplantation is clinically explored to induce a 'graft-versus-tumor' effect (GvT). Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), which are major effectors of GvT, eliminate cancer cells by inducing apoptosis via multiple parallel pathways. Here, we study in vitro and in vivo the susceptibility of murine cancer cells engineered to express single antiapoptotic genes to CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. Interestingly, we find that single inhibitors of caspase activatio…

In Silico HLA Typing Using Standard RNA-Seq Sequence Reads

2015

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) enables high-throughput transcriptome profi ling using the RNA-Seq assay, resulting in billions of short sequence reads. Worldwide adoption has been rapid: many laboratories worldwide generate transcriptome sequence reads daily. Here, we describe methods for obtaining a sample’s human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II types and HLA expression using standard NGS RNA- Seq sequence reads. We demonstrate the application using our algorithm, seq2HLA, and a publicly available RNA-Seq dataset from the Burkitt lymphoma cell line Raji.

DIFFERENT ROLE OF HUMAN HLA-DR AND -DQ MOLECULES IN XENOGENEIC TRANSPLANTATION USING TRANSGENIC MICE1

1999

Background. The role of T lymphocytes in graft rejection in xenotransplantation is still unclear. The ability of the human HLA class II molecules DR and DQ to function as xenoantigens was investigated in a murine model of skin grafting, using HLA-DR1 and -DQ6-transgenic mice. Methods, Skin from HLA-DR1- or -DQ6-transgenic mice was transplanted in control littermates. Spleen cells from donors or recipients were tested in mixed lymphocyte reaction and cytotoxic assay. Results. Skin from HLA-DR1-transgenic mice was rejected and spleen cells from rejecting mice were able to proliferate to donor cells, although no rejection was observed when the skin of HLA-DQ6-transgenic mice was engrafted in c…

Tripoli nella rihlah higaziyyah

2008

Longitudinal analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 19-kDa antigen-specific T cells in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: association with disease…

2003

CD8(+) T cells play a central role in immune protection against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One of the target epitopes for anti-M. tuberculosis directed CD8(+) T cells is the HLA-A2-restricted 19-kDa lipoprotein peptide VLTDGNPPEV. T cell clones directed against this epitope recognized not only the nominal peptide ligand, but also a closely related peptide (VPTDPNPPEV) from the HIV envelope gp120 (HIV(env) gp120) protein characterized by IFN-gamma release. This cross-reactivity was confirmed in ex vivo in M. tuberculosis 19-kDa tetramer-sorted T cells from patients with tuberculosis and in HIVgp120 tetramer-reactive T cells sorted from HIV(+) patients. M. tuberculosis 19-kDa …

Th0 to Th1 switch of CD4 T cell clones specific from the 16-kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis after successful therapy: lack of involvement o…

2005

Abstract In this study, we have examined the influence of HLA-DR molecules and the structure of the epitope repertoire of the 16-kDa protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the acquisition of the cytokine secretion pattern of CD4 T cell clones, obtained from tuberculous patients before and after anti-mycobacterial therapy. Our data indicate that TB patients have a predominant Th0 response against the 16-kDa protein and its epitopes and that healing, induced by anti-mycobacterial therapy, is associated with a shift toward a predominant Th1 phenotype. Moreover, both HLA-DR molecules restricting the clone specificity and the nature of the recognized epitope do not play any role in the generat…

A tyrosinase nonapeptide presented by HLA-B44 is recognized on a human melanoma by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes

1996

The human tyrosinase gene has been reported previously to code for two distinct antigens recognized on HLA-A2 melanoma cells by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). By stimulating lymphocytes of melanoma patient MZ2 with a subclone of the tumor cell line of this patient, we obtained a CTL clone that lysed this subclone but did not lyse other subcloncs of the Same melanoma cell line. The sensitive melanoma subclone was found to express a much higher level of tyrosinase than the others, suggesting that the antigen recognized bv the CTL might be encoded by tyrosinase. Transfection of a tyrosinase cDNA demonstrated that the CTL clone indeed recognized a tyrosinase product presented by HLA-…

From UML State Machine Diagram into FPGA Implementation

2013

Abstract In the paper a method of using the Unified Modeling Language diagrams for specification of digital systems, especially logic controllers, is presented. The proposed method is based mainly on the UML state machine diagrams and uses Hierarchical Concurrent Finite State Machines (HCFSMs) as a temporary model. The paper shows a way to transform the UML diagrams to the form that is acceptable by reconfigurable FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays). The UML specification is used to generate an effective program in Hardware Description Languages (HDLs), especially Verilog.

Specific sequence elements in the 5′ untranslated regions of rbcL and atpB gene mRNAs stabilize transcripts in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinh…

2001

Using a series of point mutations in chimeric reporter gene constructs consisting of the 5' regions of the Chlamydomonas chloroplast rbcL or atpB genes fused 5' to the coding sequence of the bacterial uidA (GUS) gene, RNA-stabilizing sequence elements were identified in vivo in the 5' untranslated regions (5' UTRs) of transcripts of the chloroplast genes rbcL and atpB in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In chimeric rbcL 5' UTR:GUS transcripts, replacement of single nucleotides in the 10-nt sequence 5'-AUUUCCGGAC-3', extending from positions +38 to +47 relative to the transcripts' 5' terminus, shortened transcript longevity and led to a reduction in transcript abundance of more than 95%. A similar…

Changes in the 5?-untranslated region of the rbcL gene accelerate transcript degradation more than 50-fold in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinha…

2003

Using uidA (beta-glucuronidase; GUS) reporter gene constructs, the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of the Chlamydomonas chloroplast rbcL gene was screened by deletion and mutational analysis for the presence of a promoter element that previous studies implied to reside within the first 63 base pairs of the UTR. Deleting a large segment of the rbcL 5'UTR in a 3'--5' direction to position +36, changing the remaining 36 base pairs at the 5' end of the UTR, and increasing by five base pairs the distance between the rbcL 5'UTR and the basic promoter element located at position -10 did not abolish transcription from the basic rbcL promoter. It is concluded that the apparent loss of transcriptional a…