Search results for "HMEC"

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Xanthine dehydrogenase processes retinol to retinoic acid in human mammary epithelial cells

2008

Retinoic acid is considered to be the active metabolite of retinol, able to control differentiation and proliferation of epithelia. Retinoic acid biosynthesis has been widely described with the implication of multiple enzymatic activities. However, our understanding of the cell biological function and regulation of this process is limited. In a recent study we evidenced that milk xanthine oxidase (E.C. 1.17.3.2.) is capable to oxidize all-trans-retinol bound to CRBP (holo-CRBP) to all-trans-retinaldehyde and then to all-trans-retinoic acid. To get further knowledge regarding this process we have evaluated the biosynthetic pathway of retinoic acid in a human mammary epithelial cell line (HME…

Receptors Retinoic AcidXanthine dehydrogenaseCellRetinoic acidOxypurinolTretinoinRetinoic acid receptor betaBiologychemistry.chemical_compoundSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansMammary Glands HumanVitamin AXanthine oxidaseHMECPharmacologyRetinolEpithelial CellsRetinol-Binding Proteins CellularGeneral MedicineMilk ProteinsNADRetinoic acid receptormedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiochemistryXanthine dehydrogenaseRetinol oxidationRetinoic acid receptor alphaRetinoid AcidMetabolic Networks and PathwaysJournal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry
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Sildenafil protects human mammary epithelial cells against ROS production induced by estradiol

2010

Several studies suggest that xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and its oxidase form (XO) play an important role in various types of ischemic and vascular injuries. Recently, we have demonstrated that estradiol (E2) induces a significant decrease of the expression and activity of XDH and of its conversion to XO in human mammary epithelial cells. E2 is known to induce upregulation of eNOS gene expression in aortic endothelial cells. Because the XO-derived O2·- combines with ·NO to yield ONOO-, and considering that ONOO- converts XDH to XO, the resulting increase of XO activity and reactive oxygen species production would eventually lead to a further increase of ONOO- production, thus creating a vi…

chemistry.chemical_classificationOxidase testmedicine.medical_specialtyReactive oxygen speciesNADPH oxidasebiologyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismPhosphodiesteraseGeneral Medicinemedicine.disease_causeMolecular biologyEndocrinologyEnzymeEndocrinologyDownregulation and upregulationchemistryXanthine dehydrogenaseSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaInternal medicinemedicinebiology.proteinMolecular BiologyOxidative stressestradiol (E2) human mammaty epithelial cells (HMECs) oxidative stress inhibition reactive oxygen species (ROS) production sildenafil xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) xanthine oxidase (XO).Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation
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