Search results for "HORTICULTURE"
showing 10 items of 1421 documents
Frame fungi on insulated windows.
1985
Insulated windows (fixed triple glass window elements), became common in Finland during and after the energy crisis. Moisture tends to condense along the edges causing mold growth on the frames. Nine houses with insulated glass windows and eight with other types of window were studied. Fungus samples were taken from the window edges and from the inside air and cultivated on malt extract agar. In five of the houses with insulated windows there was visible mold growth on the window edges. The predominant fungus was Aureobasidium pullulans. With other types of windows there was only one case of visible mold. The concentrations of fungi were about the same in the air of houses with both types o…
Molecular evolution of tomato black ring virus and de novo generation of a new type of defective RNAs during long‐term passaging in different hosts
2020
Tomato black ring virus (TBRV) is a worldwide-distributed RNA virus infecting a wide range of different host plants, including crop species, trees, shrubs, and weeds. Here, we investigated the molecular evolution of TBRV and its adaptability to different plant species. The TBRV-Pi isolate was used to generate five independent evolution lineages serially passaged in either quinoa, tobacco, or tomato plants. After 15 passages, the genetic variability present in all the lineages was characterized for the movement (MP) and coat (CP) coding cistrons. We addressed two main questions: to what extent does the amount of genetic variability in the TBRV genome depend on the host species, and are there…
First report of Cotoneaster pannosus Franch. (Rosaceae) in Tarragona Province, and updated distribution area in Spain
2015
8 p., il., mapas
Measurement of Photosynthesis and Transpiration in Spruce Trees with Various Degrees of Damage
1987
Summary In the context of a project on physiological and biochemical characterization of spruce with different degrees of damage, the C02 and H2O gas exchange of 22-year-old spruce from a location in the Hunsru.ck (West Germany) were measured in summer 1985. The measurements were carried out on shoots from 1984 and were set up as a pair comparison, i.e. the measurement data of a tree with symptoms of damage were always compared with a tree in the immediate vicinity which phenotypically showed less damage. Diurnal course measurements in the open air revealed a marked reduction of photosynthesis depending on the degree of damage of the trees. If one plots photosynthetic rate against light int…
Improvement of the nitrogen uptake induced by titanium (iv) leaf supply in nitrogen‐stressed pepper seedlings
1996
Abstract The beneficial effect of titanium (Ti) on plant metabolism can result in more profitable use of fertilizer applied to a crop. A crop chamber experiment with paprika pepper (Capsicum annuum L., cv. Bunejo) seedlings under differential nitrogen (N) concentration levels in a nutrient solution (100% N, 75% N, 50% N, and 25% N) was performed. A third of the seedlings growing under each N support level remained Ti‐untreated and were used as the reference. Another third of the seedling received one and two 0.042 mM Ti(TV) ascorbate, pH 6.0, leaf spray treatments, respectively. The biomass production of the Ti‐untreated plants was only affected by the N supply of 50% or less. The Ti(IV) le…
Morpho-physiological variations in response to NaCl stress during vegetative and reproductive development of rice
2012
The complex nature of plant resistance to adverse environmental conditions, such as salinity and drought requires a better understanding of the stress-induced changes that may be involved in tolerance mechanisms. Here we investigate stress-related morpho-physiological effects during vegetative and reproductive growth in two Japonica rice cultivars (Bomba and Bahia) exposed to a range of NaCl concentrations from the seedling stage. The stress-related detrimental effects were observed either earlier or to a higher extent in cv. Bomba than in Bahia. Damages to the photosynthetic apparatus were related to loss of chlorophyll (Chl) and to a decrease of the maximum potential efficiency of PSII (F…
The relationship of hydraulic conductance to root system characteristics of peach (Prunus persica) rootstocks
2006
Specific rootstocks can differentially influence the vegetative growth and development of fruit trees. However, the physiological mechanism involved in this phenomenon has been elusive. Recent research comparing different peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) rootstocks suggests that the rootstock effect on vegetative growth in peach trees is associated to water relations and more specifically to differences in rootstock hydraulic conductance. This study was intended to confirm differences in hydraulic characteristics of similar size peach trees grafted on different rootstocks and to examine root system characteristics that could be associated with rootstock hydraulic limitations. Trees on roots…
Effect of analogues of plant growth regulators on in vitro growth of eukaryotic plant pathogens
2004
FGA (furfurylamine; 1,2,3,4 tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucose; adipic acid monoethyl ester), a chemical mixture of three analogues of plant growth regulators that increases the protection of tomato plants against phytopathogens, was demonstrated to have direct antimicrobial activity. It reduced the growth in vitro of the filamentous fungi Alternaria solani and Botrytis cinerea, and the oomycetes Phytophthora capsici and Phytophthora citrophthora (ED50 0·18–0·26% w/v, depending on species). The components of this mixture were also active against these phytopathogens, but sensitivity to the compounds was different for each pathogen. Adipic acid monoethyl ester (E) showed the highest and widest range…
Phytophthora species causing crown and root rot of tomato in southern Italy
2000
Phytophthora capsici, Phytophthora cryptogea and Phytophthora nicotianae were isolated from tomato plants with symptoms of crown and root rot in plastic-house crops in Sicilia and Calabria (southern Italy). The species were identified primarily on the basis of morphological and cultural characteristics. The identification was confirmed using molecular methods, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of mycelial proteins and polymorphism of DNA sequences amplified by polymerase chain reaction using random primers (RAPD-PCR). P. capsici caused significant losses in tomato crops that had succeeded capsicum crops. P. cryptogea was found to be the most frequent species causing basal stem rot o…
First report of Phytophthora palmivora as a pathogen of olive in Italy
2000
Olive (Olea europea L.) is an economically important crop in Italy and is planted on about 1 million ha. The Apulia, Calabria, and Sicily regions of Southern Italy account for about 70% of the production. Many new plantations have been established during the last 10 years. In summer 1999, 1- to 2-year-old olive trees (cv. Carolea) with decline symptoms were observed in new plantations in Catanzaro Province (Calabria). The symptoms associated with the root rot were leaf chlorosis, defoliation, wilting, twig dieback, and eventual plant collapse. In some cases, more than 40% of the trees were affected. A Phytophthora sp. was isolated consistently from rotted rootlets of diseased trees using a…