Search results for "HUMAN HEALTH"
showing 10 items of 1622 documents
Estimation of statistical time-to-cure in cancer patients
2019
Three million people are living in France with a personal past of cancer and undergo difficulties in accessing loans and insurance. Since 2016, the French law « modernisation de notre système de santé » set the "right to be forgotten" (time beyond which insurance applicants with a past of cancer will no longer have to declare it) at 10 years after the end of treatment. From a statistical point of view, this delay can be considered as the time from which mortality due to cancer (excess mortality) disappears. After this time, the net survival curves reach a plateau corresponding to the proportion of cured patients. The verification of this hypothesis is based on two criteria: a negligible exc…
Prescription drug use during pregnancy in France: a study from the national health insurance permanent sample.
2017
International audience; PurposeTo provide an up-to-date account of drug prescription during pregnancy in France from 2011 to 2014 using the permanent sample of the French national computerized healthcare database and with a focus on recommended supplementations, fetotoxic drugs and teratogenic drugs.MethodsAll pregnancies identified by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes list in the hospitalization database, lasting more than 9 weeks of amenorrhea and whose delivery occurred between 01/01/2011 and 12/31/2014, were included. Drugs delivered between the trimester before and until the end of the pregnancy were included. Drug exposure prevalence was calculated for …
Adverse drug reactions in some African herbal medicine: literature review and stakeholders’ interview
2014
International audience; Background: In view of the large consumption of herbal medicine in Africa countries, it is likely that many adverse drugs reactions go unrecorded with either patients failing to present to health services, or no pharmacovigilance analysis being made, or the analysis not being reported centrally. This problem is of interest especially for those who are working in the general area of adverse drug reactions or stakeholders in the domain of herbal medicine for considering safety issues. Methods: We are particularly interested in the way that the use of very wellknown and highly valued plants is linked to the observation of adverse drug reactions in African countries. We …
Herbal Medicines: Boon or Bane for the Human Liver?
2016
Since ages, medicine is the most consistent companion of man. While in primeval time, disease was cured through natural preparations, onset of technology has made today’s formulations synthetic or nature derived. Across the ages, the plausibility of the “savior-turned-slayer” functionality of these drugs remained constant. With the increment in documentation, it becomes evident that many of the commonly used drugs are associated with toxicities. Thus, any drug, irrespective of its origin, needs to be thoroughly assessed. Rampant use of herbal drugs has often been a threat to human health owing to the scarcity in quality assessment. What needs to be understood is that everything natural is n…
Optimisation du protocole de recherche des Escherichia coli producteurs de Shiga-toxines (STEC) dans les aliments
2011
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are an important subset of Shiga toxin–producing E. coli (STEC) associated with foodborne infections. These bacteria can cause hemorrhagic diarrhoeal disease and Haemolytic and Uremic Syndrome which are associated with some predominant serotypes defined by AFSSA institute: O26, O103, O111, O145 and O157.Cattle are the primary reservoir of STEC. Although STEC transmission to humans is frequently associated with consumption of meat, dairy products have also been implicated in human cases. Sensitive and rapid detection methods for STEC are essential for the food industry to ensure a safe food supply. However, the detection of STEC in foods is problemat…
Effects of modulation of body fat in production of adiponectin in mice : consequences on hepatic metabolism of lipids
2010
Adiponectin (ApN), a 30-kDa adipokine abundantly produced by adipose tissue has been described for the first time in 1995. Early findings demonstrating serum adiponectin levels are inversely correlated with obesity initiated intense investigation of the relationship between adiponectin and all symptoms of the metabolic syndrome. Of these studies, strong evidence suggests that a weight loss induced by medication or hypocaloric diet led to increased circulating ApN levels and improvement of biochemical parameters. Thus, high levels of ApN have been correlated with an improvement of insulin sensitivity and lipid parameters reducing cardiovascular risk. However mechanisms involved in the improv…
Travail posté et maladies cérébro- et cardiovasculaires : revue critique et synthèse des preuves épidémiologiques
2013
National audience; Une revue critique de la littérature a été menée sur le lien entre travail posté (TP) et survenue de maladies cérébro- et cardiovasculaires (MCCV). Dans plusieurs études de bonne qualité, le TP est associé à une augmentation modeste mais significative du risque de maladies cardiaques ischémiques fatales et non fatales. Les conclusions sont moins claires pour le lien avec la mortalité cardiovasculaire ischémique et les pathologies cérébrovasculaires. Sur le plan de la causalité, des biais de sélection difficiles à prendre en compte sur le plan méthodologique ne peuvent être écartés pour expliquer ces associations observées. Lien causal ou marqueur socio-économique ? Cette …
Evolution of olfactory responses in the first two years of life : effect of early exposures and link with food behaviour
2013
The role of taste on food preferences has already been investigated, however, little is known about the role of olfaction. The main objectives of this work were to assess infants’ olfactory responses, their dynamic during the first two years of life, and also their links with early food exposures, food liking and infants’ food neophobia. This work was conducted within a longitudinal study named OPALINE (Observatory of food preferences in infants and children). Olfactory responses were assessed, in 8-, 12- and 22-month-old infants, towards pleasant odours, such as vanilla, and unpleasant odours, such as fish. The results reveal that, from 8 months, infants can discriminate pleasant and unple…
Fungi and Bacteria in Indoor Cultural Heritage Environments: Microbial-related Risks for Artworks and Human Health
2016
Cultural heritage constitutive materials can provide excellent substrates for microbial colonization, highly influenced by thermo-hygrometric parameters. In cultural heritage-related environments, a detrimental microbial load may be present both on manufacts surface and in the aerosol. In this study, bacterial and fungal colonisation has been investigated in three Sicilian confined environments (archive, cave and hypogea), each with peculiar structures and different thermo-hygrometric parameters. Particular attention has been paid to microorganisms able to induce artifacts biodeterioration and to release biological particles in the aerosol (spores, cellular debrides, toxins and allergens) p…
Toward ‘Vaccine Internationalism’: The Need for an Equitable and Coordinated Global Vaccination Approach to Effectively Combat COVID-19
2021
International audience