Search results for "Hall effect"

showing 10 items of 702 documents

Structures and EPR spectra of binary sulfur−nitrogen radicals from DFT calculations

2007

he scattered electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic data for binary sulfur–nitrogen (S,N) radicals have been compiled and critically assessed.Many of these are inorganic rings or cages.For each species, possible equilibrium structures in the gas phase and the EPR hyperfine coupling (hfc) constants have been calculated with DFT using the B3LYP functional and basis sets of triple-ζ (or better) quality.Good agreement is obtained between calculated and measured values for the well characterized [S3N2]+radical dot, a planar π-radical for which the s-component of the orbitals is likely to be reasonably independent of minor geometrical changes between gas-phase and condensed-phase sta…

rikki-typpi radikaalitPhysics::Chemical PhysicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectEPR spektroskopiaDFTsulfur-nitrogen radicalsEPR spectroscopy
researchProduct

Time resolved emission at 1.3 μm of a single InAs quantum dot by using a tunable fibre Bragg grating

2013

Photoluminescence and time resolved photoluminescence from single metamorphic InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) emitting at 1.3 mu m have been measured by means of a novel fibre-based characterization set-up. We demonstrate that the use of a wavelength tunable fibre Bragg grating filter increases the light collection efficiency by more than one order of magnitude as compared to a conventional grating monochromator. We identified single charged exciton and neutral biexciton transitions in the framework of a random population model. The QD recombination dynamics under pulsed excitation can be understood under the weak quantum confinement potential limit and the interaction between carriers at the …

single quantum dot time resolved spectroscopy fibre Bragg grating excitonsPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceexcitonsExcitonfibre Bragg gratingPhysics::OpticsBioengineeringGratinglaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceFiber Bragg gratinglawGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringBiexcitonMonochromatorWetting layerCondensed Matter::Quantum Gasesbusiness.industryCondensed Matter::OtherMechanical EngineeringGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effectsingle quantum dottime resolved spectroscopyMechanics of MaterialsQuantum dotOptoelectronicsbusiness
researchProduct

Spectroscopic studies of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes

2010

The unique nature of optical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), together with their promising potential applications, have created enormous interest towards the photophysics of SWCNT. Many aspects of carbon nanotubes originate from the electronic structure of carbon honeycomb lattice and one-dimensionality. SWCNTs exist in various chiral structures and diameters, which the optical and electrical properties are dependent on. It has been discovered that SWCNT excited states are excitonic with strong Coulomb interaction between the electron and the hole. However, many features of excitons are not yet well defined, such as absorption cross-sections, fluorescence quantum yield…

spectroscopycarbon nanotubeskemialliset reaktiothiilinanoputketabsorbtiospektroskopiafluoresenssiexciton dynamicsfluorescence spectroscopyfysikaalinen kemiaCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effectfluorescence microscopyCondensed Matter::Materials Scienceexciton diffusionoptiset laitteeteksitonin diffuusiolämpötilaFourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopyliuottimet
researchProduct

Three-dimensional skyrmions in spin-2 Bose–Einstein condensates

2017

We introduce topologically stable three-dimensional skyrmions in the cyclic and biaxial nematic phases of a spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensate. These skyrmions exhibit exceptionally high mapping degrees resulting from the versatile symmetries of the corresponding order parameters. We show how these structures can be created in existing experimental setups and study their temporal evolution and lifetime by numerically solving the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equations for realistic parameter values. Although the biaxial nematic and cyclic phases are observed to be unstable against transition towards the ferromagnetic phase, their lifetimes are long enough for the skyrmions to be imprinted…

spinor condensateSUPERFLUID HE-3Angular momentumSYMMETRYFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyBose-Einstein condensation114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesInstability010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionPHASESKNOTSlaw0103 physical sciencesField theory (psychology)magnetismikvanttifysiikka010306 general physicsVORTICESSpin-½Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsBose–Einstein condensationBiaxial nematicCondensed matter physicsSkyrmionMONOPOLESCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectFIELD-THEORYSymmetry (physics)skyrmionQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesBose–Einstein condensateNew Journal of Physics
researchProduct

Odd triplet superconductivity induced by a moving condensate

2020

It has been commonly accepted that a magnetic field suppresses superconductivity by inducing the ordered motion of Cooper pairs. We demonstrate that a magnetic field can instead provide a generation of superconducting correlations by inducing the motion of a superconducting condensate. This effect arises in superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures in the presence of Rashba spin-orbital coupling. We predict the odd-frequency spin-triplet superconducting correlations called the Berezinskii order to be switched on at large distances from the superconductor/ferromagnet interface by the application of a magnetic field. This is shown to result in the unusual behavior of Josephson effect and lo…

superconducting phase transitionRashba couplingsuprajohtavuusCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityJosephson effectodd-frequency superconductivityCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effectmagneettikentätsuperconducting order parametersuprajohteet
researchProduct

Quantum fluctuations in superconducting nanostructures

2014

Modern nanofabrication technology enableTfabrication of very narrow quasi-1-dimensional superconducting nanowires demonstrating finite resistivity within the range of experimentally obtainable temperatures. The observations were reported in ∼10 nm nanowires of certain superconducting materials. The effect has been associated with quantum phase slip process - the particular manifestation of quantum fluctuations of the order p arameter. In titanium, the phenomenon can be observed already at dimensions ∼35 nm where the fabrication is well reproducible and the dimensions of samples can be characterized with high accuracy. We have performed systematic study of the size dependence of transport pr…

superconductorBloch oscillationfluctuationion millingphase sliptitaniumCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect1-dimensionalQPS-transistor
researchProduct

Coupling the Higgs mode and ferromagnetic resonance in spin-split superconductors with Rashba spin-orbit coupling

2022

We show that the Higgs mode of superconductors can couple with spin dynamics in the presence of a static spin-splitting field and Rashba spin-orbit coupling. The Higgs-spin coupling dramatically modifies the spin susceptibility near the superconducting critical temperature and consequently enhances the spin pumping effect in a ferromagnetic insulator/superconductor bilayer system. We show that this effect can be detected by measuring the magnon transmission rate and the magnon-induced voltage generated by the inverse spin Hall effect.

suprajohtavuusCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect114 Physical sciencessuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)spin (kvanttimekaniikka)Condensed Matter::SuperconductivityMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsohutkalvotmagnetismiPhysical Review B
researchProduct

Topological polarization, dual invariants, and surface flat band in crystalline insulators

2020

We describe a three-dimensional crystalline topological insulator (TI) phase of matter that exhibits spontaneous polarization. This polarization results from the presence of (approximately) flat bands on the surface of such TIs. These flat bands are a consequence of the bulk-boundary correspondence of polarized topological media, and contrary to related nodal line semimetal phases also containing surface flat bands, they span the entire surface Brillouin zone. We also present an example Hamiltonian exhibiting a Lifshitz transition from the nodal line phase to the TI phase with polarization. Utilizing elasticity tetrads, we show a complete classification of 3D crystalline TI phases and invar…

suprajohtavuusFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyTopology01 natural sciencessähkönjohtavuussymbols.namesakeHall effectPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)kvanttifysiikka010306 general physicsPhysicsSuperconductivityCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsnanoelektroniikkaMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)kiteet021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)SemimetalBrillouin zoneTopological insulatorsymbols0210 nano-technologyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
researchProduct

Towards Controlled Synthesis of Water-Soluble Gold Nanoclusters : Synthesis and Analysis

2019

Water-soluble gold nanoclusters with well-defined molecular structures and stability possess particular biophysical properties making them excellent candidates for biological applications as well as for fundamental spectroscopic studies. The currently existing synthetic protocols for atomically monodisperse thiolate-protected gold nanoclusters (AuMPCs) have been widely expanded with organothiolates, yet the direct synthesis reports for water-soluble AuMPCs are still deficient. Here, we demonstrate a wet-chemistry pH-controlled synthesis of two large water-soluble nanoclusters utilizing p-mercaptobenzoic acid (pMBA), affording different sizes of plasmonic AuMPCs on the preparative scale (∼7 …

synthesis02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceskultaQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorNanoclusterssynteesiPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116Condensed Matter::Quantum Gaseskemiallinen synteesita114Condensed Matter::OtherChemistryCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsstomatognathic diseasesGeneral EnergyWater solubleChemical engineeringnanohiukkaset0210 nano-technologygold nanoclustersThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
researchProduct

Applications of tunnel junctions in low-dimensional nanostructures

2009

This thesis concentrates on studies of AlOx based tunnel junctions and their feasibility for cooling, thermometry and strain sensing in suspended nanostructures. The main result of the thesis is cooling of one dimensional phonon modes of a suspended nanowire with normal metal insulator superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions. Simultaneous cooling of both electrons and phonons was achieved, and the lowest phonon temperature reached in the system was 42 mK with an initial temperature of 100 mK. In addition, suspended devices show cooling still at a bath temperature of 600 mK. The observed thermal transport characteristics show, that the heat flow is limited by the scattering of phonons at the b…

thermal annealingtunnel junctionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceSINIS refrigerationCondensed Matter::Superconductivitystrain sensingCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectSINIS thermometer
researchProduct