Search results for "Hand"

showing 10 items of 1364 documents

Stochastic sampling effects favor manual over digital contact tracing.

2020

Isolation of symptomatic individuals, tracing and testing of their nonsymptomatic contacts are fundamental strategies for mitigating the current COVID-19 pandemic. The breaking of contagion chains relies on two complementary strategies: manual reconstruction of contacts based on interviews and a digital (app-based) privacy-preserving contact tracing. We compare their effectiveness using model parameters tailored to describe SARS-CoV-2 diffusion within the activity-driven model, a general empirically validated framework for network dynamics. We show that, even for equal probability of tracing a contact, manual tracing robustly performs better than the digital protocol, also taking into accou…

0301 basic medicinePhysics - Physics and SocietyComputer scienceEpidemiologyScienceComplex networksFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Society (physics.soc-ph)Tracingcomputer.software_genreGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyArticleSpecimen Handling03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineQuantitative Biology - Populations and EvolutionPandemicsCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanicsstochastic modelProtocol (science)Stochastic ProcessesMultidisciplinaryStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Stochastic processDiagnostic Tests RoutineSARS-CoV-2QPopulations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)Sampling (statistics)COVID-19General ChemistryComplex networkModels TheoreticalNetwork dynamics030104 developmental biologyFOS: Biological sciencesScalabilityQuarantineData miningContact TracingcomputerContact tracingAlgorithmsNature communications
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Multicentric study of the effect of pre-analytical variables in the quality of plasma samples stored in biobanks using different complementary proteo…

2016

12 páginas, 7 figuras.-- Jesús Mateos ... et al.

0301 basic medicineProteomicsAdultMaleQuality ControlSample (material)Sample processingBiophysicsProteomicsBioinformaticsBiochemistrySpecimen HandlingSample03 medical and health sciencesPlasmaYoung AdultProtein stabilityHumansBiobankAgedBiological Specimen BanksAged 80 and overBlood Specimen CollectionChromatographyPlasma samplesChemistryPre analyticalProtein StabilityPre-analytical variablesMiddle AgedBlood proteinsBiobanks030104 developmental biologyBlood PreservationResearch studiesFemale
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Modeling the heat inactivation of foodborne pathogens in milk powder : High relevance of the substrate water activity

2017

International audience; Due to the ability of foodborne pathogens to survive in low moisture foods, the decontamination of these products is an important issue in food hygiene. Up to now, such decontamination has mostly been achieved through empirical methods. The intention of this work is to establish a more rational use of heat treatment cycles. The effects of thermal treatment cycles on the inactivation of dried Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Senftenberg, Cronobacter sakazakii and Escherichia coli were assessed. Bacteria were mixed with whole milk powder and dried down to different water activity levels (0.11, 0.25, 0.44 and 0.58). The rate of inactivated bacteria was determined afte…

0301 basic medicineSalmonellaHot TemperatureTime FactorsWater activityFood HandlingThermal resistance030106 microbiologymedicine.disease_causeFoodborne Diseases03 medical and health sciencesCronobacter sakazakiiGram-Negative Bacteria[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringFood QualitymedicineEscherichia coliAnimalsSalmonella SenftenbergFood scienceEscherichia coliDecontamination2. Zero hungerMicrobial ViabilitybiologyMoisturePredictive microbiologyChemistry[ SDV.IDA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringWaterHuman decontaminationModels Theoreticalbiology.organism_classificationLow water activity foodCronobacter sakazakii6. Clean waterMilk13. Climate actionSalmonella TyphimuriumFood MicrobiologyPowdersBacteriaFood Science
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Chemical characterization of a variety of cold-pressed gourmet oils available on the Brazilian market

2018

Different specialty extra virgin oils, produced by cold-pressing fruits/nuts (olive, pequi, palm, avocado, coconut, macadamia and Brazil nut) and seeds (grapeseed and canola), and retailed in the Brazilian region of Minas Gerais, were chemically characterized. Specifically, for each type of oil, the fatty acid composition was elucidated by GC-FID, the contents of selected polyphenols and squalene were determined respectively by UHPLC-MS and UHPLC-PDA, whereas minerals were explored by means of ICP-MS. Olive oil was confirmed to have the highest MUFA content due to a valuable level of oleic acid, while oils from grapeseed, Brazil nut and canola were marked by nutritionally important PUFA lev…

0301 basic medicineSettore CHIM/10 - Chimica Degli AlimentiFood HandlingPalm Oilsqualenecold-pressingFatty Acids MonounsaturatedSqualenechemistry.chemical_compoundNutsVitisFood scienceCanolaChromatography High Pressure LiquidFlame Ionization2. Zero hungerCoconut oilmineralsSeedsCoconut OilFruit/nut oils Seed oils Cold-pressing Chemical characterization Fatty acids Polyphenols Squalene Minerals.fruit/nut oilsBrazilseed oilsSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationChromatography Gasfood.ingredientfatty acids03 medical and health sciencesfoodPlant OilsOlive OilFruit/nut oils Seed oils Cold-pressing Chemical characterization Fatty acids Polyphenols Squalene Mineralspolyphenols030109 nutrition & dieteticschemical characterizationPerseafruit/nut oils; seed oils; cold-pressing; chemical characterization; fatty acids; polyphenols; squalene; mineralsLauric acidfood.foodTyrosolOleic acidchemistryMacadamiaBertholletiaHydroxytyrosolRapeseed OilFood AnalysisFood ScienceBrazil nut
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Thiazole–amino acids: influence of thiazole ring on conformational properties of amino acid residues

2021

Abstract Post-translational modified thiazole–amino acid (Xaa–Tzl) residues have been found in macrocyclic peptides (e.g., thiopeptides and cyanobactins), which mostly inhibit protein synthesis in Gram + bacteria. Conformational study of the series of model compounds containing this structural motif with alanine, dehydroalanine, dehydrobutyrine and dehydrophenylalanine were performed using DFT method in various environments. The solid-state crystal structure conformations of thiazole–amino acid residues retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database were also analysed. The studied structural units tend to adopt the unique semi-extended β2 conformation; which is stabilised mainly by N–H⋯N…

0301 basic medicineStereochemistryClinical BiochemistryNon-standard amino acidsMolecular ConformationRamachandran map010402 general chemistryRing (chemistry)01 natural sciencesBiochemistryDFT03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundDehydroalanineAmino AcidsStructural motifThiazoleOxazoleAlaninechemistry.chemical_classificationHydrogen bondNon-standard amino AIDSHydrogen bondOrganic ChemistryHydrogen Bonding0104 chemical sciencesAmino acidThiazoles030104 developmental biologyConformational analysischemistryOriginal ArticleThiazolePeptidesAmino Acids
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Evaluation of antimicrobial resistance and virulence of enterococci from equipment surfaces, raw materials and traditional cheeses

2016

Forty enterococci isolated along the production chains of three traditional cheeses (PDO Pecorino Siciliano, PDO Vastedda della Valle del Belìce, and Caciocavallo Palermitano) made in Sicily (southern Italy) were studied for the assessment of their antibiotic resistance and virulence by a combined phenotypic/genotypic approach. A total of 31 Enterococcus displayed resistance to at least one or more of the antimicrobials tested. The strains exhibited high percentages of resistance to erythromycin (52.5%), ciprofloxacin (35.0%), quinupristin–dalfopristin (20.0%), tetracycline (17.5%), and high-level streptomycin (5.0%). The presence of tet(M), cat(pC221), and aadE genes for resistance to tetr…

0301 basic medicineTetracyclineFood HandlingVirulence Factors030106 microbiologyVirulenceMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAntimicrobial resistanceMicrobiologyMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesAntibiotic resistanceBacterial ProteinsCheeseDrug Resistance BacterialmedicineAnimal rennetAnimal rennet Antimicrobial resistance Enterococcus Raw milk Traditional cheese Virulence Wooden vatAnimalsHumansGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsbiologyVirulenceRaw milkTraditional cheeseAnimal rennet Antimicrobial resistance Enterococcus Raw milk Traditional cheese Virulence Wooden vatGeneral MedicineRaw milkbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobialWooden vatAnti-Bacterial AgentsErythromycinCiprofloxacin030104 developmental biologyMilkEnterococcusEquipment and SuppliesItalyStreptomycinEquipment ContaminationCattleEnterococcusFood Sciencemedicine.drugSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia Agraria
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Primary Sensorimotor Cortex Drives the Common Cortical Network for Gamma Synchronization in Voluntary Hand Movements

2018

Background: Gamma synchronization (GS) may promote the processing between functionally related cortico-subcortical neural populations. Our aim was to identify the sources of GS and to analyze the direction of information flow in cerebral networks at the beginning of phasic movements, and during medium-strength isometric contraction of the hand. Methods: We measured 64-channel electroencephalography in 11 healthy volunteers (age: 25 ± 8 years; four females); surface electromyography detected the movements of the dominant hand. In Task 1, subjects kept a constant medium-strength contraction of the first dorsal interosseus muscle, and performed a superimposed repetitive voluntary self-paced br…

0301 basic medicineThalamusPosterior parietal cortexIsometric exerciseElectromyographyElectroencephalographylcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinedirectionalitymedicinelcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological PsychiatryOriginal ResearchPhysicsgamma synchronizationmedicine.diagnostic_testhand movementsSMA*Dorsolateral prefrontal cortexPsychiatry and Mental health030104 developmental biologyNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyconnectivitynetworkNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceMotor cortexFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Preservation of Multiple Mammalian Tissues to Maximize Science Return from Ground Based and Spaceflight Experiments.

2016

Background Even with recent scientific advancements, challenges posed by limited resources and capabilities at the time of sample dissection continue to limit the collection of high quality tissues from experiments that can be conducted only infrequently and at high cost, such as in space. The resources and time it takes to harvest tissues post-euthanasia, and the methods and duration of long duration storage, potentially have negative impacts on sample quantity and quality, thereby limiting the scientific outcome that can be achieved. Objectives The goals of this study were to optimize methods for both sample recovery and science return from rodent experiments, with possible relevance to b…

0301 basic medicineTime FactorsPhysiologyMolecular biologyRNA Stabilitylcsh:MedicineBiochemistrylaw.inventionMice0302 clinical medicinelawSpecimen StorageBone MarrowImmune PhysiologyGene expressionFreezingMedicine and Health Scienceslcsh:ScienceMammalsMultidisciplinaryPreservation methodsLimitingEye MusclesGlutathioneEnzymesRNA isolation030220 oncology & carcinogenesisTissue and Organ HarvestingSmall IntestineSample collectionAnatomyResearch ArticleOcular AnatomyImmunologyRNA integrity numberBiologySpaceflightResearch and Analysis MethodsBiomolecular isolationSpecimen HandlingAndrology03 medical and health sciencesOcular SystemAnimalsHumansTime pointCryopreservationlcsh:RRNABiology and Life SciencesProteinsSpace FlightGastrointestinal Tract030104 developmental biologyMolecular biology techniquesStorage and HandlingImmune SystemEnzymologylcsh:QPeptidesDigestive SystemSpleenCatalasesPloS one
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Evolutionary conserved mechanisms pervade structure and transcriptional modulation of allograft inflammatory factor-1 from sea anemone Anemonia virid…

2017

Gene family encoding allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is well conserved among organisms; however, there is limited knowledge in lower organisms. In this study, the first AIF-1 homologue from cnidarians was identified and characterised in the sea anemone Anemonia viridis. The full-length cDNA of AvAIF-1 was of 913 bp with a 5' -untranslated region (UTR) of 148 bp, a 3'-UTR of 315 and an open reading frame (ORF) of 450 bp encoding a polypeptide with149 amino acid residues and predicted molecular weight of about 17 kDa. The predicted protein possesses evolutionary conserved EF hand Ca2+ binding motifs, post-transcriptional modification sites and a 3D structure which can be superimposed …

0301 basic medicineUntranslated regionCnidaria; Gene expression; Homology modelling; Inflammation; Sea anemone; Environmental Chemistry; Aquatic ScienceSettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareSea anemoneSea anemoneAquatic ScienceAnemoniaEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesCnidaria0302 clinical medicineComplementary DNABotanyGene familyEnvironmental ChemistryAnimalsAmino Acid SequenceeducationPhylogenyInflammationeducation.field_of_studybiologyBase SequenceEF handCalcium-Binding ProteinsGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationCell biologyCnidaria; Sea anemone; Gene expression; Inflammation; Homology modellingOpen reading frame030104 developmental biologySea Anemones030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAllograft inflammatory factor 1Gene expressionHomology modellingSequence Alignment
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Ethnobotanical uses of wild taxa as galactagogues in Sicily (Italy)

2018

<p>Breastfeeding furnishes optimal nutrition, immune support, and a multitude of health benefits to mothers and newborns. Since ancient times plants have been employed as galactagogues in the folk medicine of many human cultures. In Sicily, a region with great floristic diversity in the Mediterranean area, where a conspicuous pool of species is traditionally used for food and aromatic, cosmetic, handicraft, agricultural, forestry, and medicinal purposes, some people recognize the galactagogue properties of some spontaneous plants.</p><p>The goal of this study was to identify wild plants with galactagogue properties and vegetable-food remedies traditionally used by women du…

0301 basic medicinebreastfeedingethnobotanical investigationsBreastfeedingPlant ScienceFloristicsSettore BIO/01 - Botanica Generale03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHandicraftlcsh:BotanyMadonie territoryphytoestrogensTraditional medicinebiologybusiness.industrySettore BIO/02 - Botanica Sistematicagalactagogue plantsgalactagogue plantGalactagogueAsteraceaebiology.organism_classificationlcsh:QK1-989Ethnobotanical investigation030104 developmental biologyGeographyTaxonAgriculture030220 oncology & carcinogenesisEthnobotanySettore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E ApplicataPhytoestrogenbusinessActa Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
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