Search results for "Hard"

showing 10 items of 2294 documents

Some recent contributions to routing and location problems

2003

CORAL 2003, a Conference on Routing and Location, washeld in Puerto de la Cruz (Tenerife, Spain) from February24–26, 2003. A wonderful place, close to the black sand ofthe beach, and a nice temperature welcomed a group ofsenior and young researchers from Canada, England,France, Germany, and Spain. Social activities were alsoprovided and sponsored by the Cabildo Insular de Tenerife(the local government) and TITSA (the public bus transpor-tation company on the island). The conference corre-sponded to the third annual meeting of a research project,funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology,developing a Decision Support System for Vehicle Routingand Facility Location Problems (SAD…

Decision support systemOptimization problemOperations researchComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer scienceHeuristicDecision problemFacility location problemHardware and ArchitectureCombinatorial optimizationRouting (electronic design automation)Arc routingSoftwareInformation SystemsNetworks
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Probabilistic Logic under Coherence‚ Model−Theoretic Probabilistic Logic‚ and Default Reasoning in System P

2016

We study probabilistic logic under the viewpoint of the coherence principle of de Finetti. In detail, we explore how probabilistic reasoning under coherence is related to model-theoretic probabilistic reasoning and to default reasoning in System P. In particular, we show that the notions of g-coherence and of g-coherent entailment can be expressed by combining notions in model-theoretic probabilistic logic with concepts from default reasoning. Moreover, we show that probabilistic reasoning under coherence is a generalization of default reasoning in System P. That is, we provide a new probabilistic semantics for System P, which neither uses infinitesimal probabilities nor atomic bound (or bi…

Deductive reasoningSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaConditional probability assessments conditional constraints probabilistic logic under coherence model-theoretic probabilistic logic g-coherence g-coherent entailment defaultreasoning from conditional knowledge bases System P conditional objects.conditional constraintsLogicDefault logicStatistics::Other StatisticsProbabilistic logic networkConditional probability assessmentsprobabilistic logic under coherenceNon-monotonic logicSystem PMathematicsg-coherent entailmentHardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURESmodel-theoretic probabilistic logicbusiness.industryProbabilistic logicSystem P; g-coherence; conditional objectsCoherence (statistics)default reasoning from conditional knowledge basesProbabilistic argumentationConditional probability assessments; conditional constraints; probabilistic logic under coherence; model-theoretic probabilistic logic; g-coherence; g-coherent entailment; default reasoning from conditional knowledge bases; System P; conditional objects.Philosophyg-coherenceProbabilistic CTLArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmconditional objectsJournal of Applied Non−Classical Logics
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On new efficient algorithms for PIMC and PIMD

2002

Abstract The properties of various algorithms, estimators, and high-temperature density matrix (HTDM) decompositions relevant for path integral simulations are discussed. It is shown that Fourier accelerated path integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) completely eliminates slowing down with increasing Trotter number P . A new primitive estimator of the kinetic energy for use in PIMD simulations is found to behave less pathologically than the original virial estimator. In particular, its variance does not increase significantly with P . Two non-primitive HTDM decompositions are compared as well: one decomposition used in the Takahashi Imada algorithm and another one based on an effective propaga…

Density matrixAutocorrelationGeneral Physics and AstronomyPropagatorEstimatorGeometryVirial theoremsymbols.namesakeFourier transformHardware and ArchitecturePath integral molecular dynamicsPath integral formulationsymbolsStatistical physicsMathematicsComputer Physics Communications
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Primary loading of palatal implants for orthodontic anchorage--a pilot animal study.

2006

Summary Objectives This study aimed at evaluating the clinical performance and osseointegration of short orthodontic implants immediately loaded with orthodontic forces. Material and methods The investigation was designed as an experimental animal study. Eight palatal implants of the Ortho-system® were immediately loaded with 100 cN after palatal insertion in 4 female german shepherd dogs. Xylene orange and calcein green were used for polychrome sequential labelling. Histological preparation utilized the cutting and grinding technique. Outcome variables were clinical implant success, histological osseointegration and bone-to-implant contact rates. Results All (8/8) implants were clinically …

Dental Stress AnalysisPalate HardTime FactorsDentistryPilot ProjectsDevice implantOsseointegrationDogsImplants ExperimentalOsseointegrationOrthodontic Anchorage ProceduresMedicineAnimalsAnimal studyBone formationbusiness.industryClinical performanceAppositionBone to implant contactOtorhinolaryngologyMicroscopy FluorescenceSurgeryFemaleImplantOral SurgerybusinessJournal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery
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Compositional and microhardness findings in tooth affected by X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets

2020

Background This study aimed to evaluate the X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR)-related compositional and microhardness tooth aspects. Material and Methods One affected and one non-affected teeth by XLHR were sectioned transversely, and each section was separated for Micro-Raman spectroscopy, Knoop microhardness and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS). The outcomes of these analyses were assessed. Results Outcomes of Raman analysis of inorganic/organic components (~958/~1250+~1450 cm−1) and carbonate/phosphate (~1070/~958 cm−1) ratios showed areas of altered enamel and dentin (interglobular dentin, calcospherites, and mantle dentin) with an…

DentistryRicketsIndentation hardnesssymbols.namesakestomatognathic systemTooth CalcificationmedicineDentinGeneral DentistryOral Medicine and PathologyEnamel paintbusiness.industryChemistryResearch:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.diseasestomatognathic diseasesHypophosphatemic Ricketsmedicine.anatomical_structurevisual_artUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASvisual_art.visual_art_mediumsymbolsKnoop hardness testbusinessRaman spectroscopyJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
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Hard-sphere fluids in annular wedges: density distributions and depletion potentials.

2009

We analyze the density distribution and the adsorption of solvent hard spheres in an annular slit formed by two large solute spheres or a large solute and a wall at close distances by means of fundamental measure density functional theory, anisotropic integral equations and simulations. We find that the main features of the density distribution in the slit are described by an effective, two--dimensional system of disks in the vicinity of a central obstacle. For large solute--solvent size ratios, the resulting depletion force has a straightforward geometrical interpretation which gives a precise "colloidal" limit for the depletion interaction. For intermediate size ratios 5...10 and high sol…

Depletion forceMaterials science: Physics [G04] [Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences]FOS: Physical sciencesHard spheresCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterAtomic packing factorIntegral equationSolventCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterColloidClassical mechanics: Physique [G04] [Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre]Chemical physicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)SPHERESAnisotropyPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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Random Slicing: Efficient and Scalable Data Placement for Large-Scale Storage Systems

2014

The ever-growing amount of data requires highly scalable storage solutions. The most flexible approach is to use storage pools that can be expanded and scaled down by adding or removing storage devices. To make this approach usable, it is necessary to provide a solution to locate data items in such a dynamic environment. This article presents and evaluates the Random Slicing strategy, which incorporates lessons learned from table-based, rule-based, and pseudo-randomized hashing strategies and is able to provide a simple and efficient strategy that scales up to handle exascale data. Random Slicing keeps a small table with information about previous storage system insert and remove operations…

DesignComputer scienceDistributed computingPerformancestorage managementHash function0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technologyParallel computingUSable01 natural sciencesSlicingrandomized data distributionAffordable and Clean Energy0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRandomnessExperimentationscalabilityPseudorandom number generatorbusiness.industry020206 networking & telecommunicationsReliabilityData FormatPRNG010201 computation theory & mathematicsHardware and ArchitectureComputer data storageScalabilityTable (database)businessNetworking & Telecommunications
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Cylindrical optical microcavities: Basic properties and sensor applications

2011

Abstract A detailed theoretical analysis of the basic properties of whispering-gallery modes (WGM) of thin capillaries is presented. The sensitivity of the resonances, as well as the Q factor is analyzed as a function of the structural parameters of the capillary and the refractive index inside the capillary. A practical application where thin capillaries are used for the measurement of glucose concentration in water is presented as a chemical sensor demonstrator. A best sensitivity of 1.24 nm/% of glucose concentration in water is reported, which corresponds to more than 850 nm/RIU. Additionally, different experimental approaches are discussed to improve the sensitivity and the detection l…

Detection limitMaterials scienceCapillary actionbusiness.industryMicrofluidicsCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsRefractometerHardware and ArchitectureQ factorElectrical and Electronic EngineeringWhispering-gallery wavebusinessRefractive indexExcitationPhotonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications
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Conceptual design of the TRACE detector readout using a compact, dead time-less analog memory ASIC

2015

[EN] The new TRacking Array for light Charged particle Ejectiles (TRACE) detector system requires monitorization and sampling of all pulses in a large number of channels with very strict space and power consumption restrictions for the front-end electronics and cabling. Its readout system is to be based on analog memory ASICs with 64 channels each that sample a View the MathML source window of the waveform of any valid pulses at 200 MHz while discarding any other signals and are read out at 50 MHz with external ADC digitization. For this purpose, a new, compact analog memory architecture is described that allows pulse capture with zero dead time in any channel while vastly reducing the tota…

Detector readoutNuclear and High Energy PhysicsTriggerless data acquisitionPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFIFO (computing and electronics)Front-endelectronicsSwitched CapacitorArray(SCA)Analog memory; Dead time; Detector readout; Front-end electronics; Switched Capacitor Array (SCA); Triggerless data acquisition; Instrumentation; Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsTECNOLOGIA ELECTRONICAComputer Science::Hardware ArchitectureDead timeSampling (signal processing)Application-specific integrated circuitWaveformElectronicsInstrumentationPhysicsAnalog memorybusiness.industryDetectorFront-end electronicsDead timeSwitched Capacitor Array (SCA)businessComputer hardwareCommunication channel
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Steroid hormone receptors in the female urogenital tract

1994

The increasing clinical use of estrogens in the treatment of stress-incontinent women caused us to examine receptor patterns in the female bladder and urethral tissue, and to characterize possible receptors by means of Scatchard plot analysis, competition experiments and density gradient centrifugation.

Differential centrifugationmedicine.medical_specialtyScatchard plotbusiness.industryGenitourinary systemUrologymedicine.medical_treatmentObstetrics and GynecologySex hormone receptorSteroid hormoneEndocrinologyHormone receptorInternal medicinemedicineReceptorbusinessInternational Urogynecology Journal
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