Search results for "Hazard"

Effectiveness of hexavalent vaccines against invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease: Germany's experience after 5 years of licensure

2007

Summary Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was determined with a case-cohort approach using Cox regression. Cases with confirmed systemic Hib infections in children born from 1 August 2000 to 31 December 2004 were ascertained through two independent nationwide active surveillance systems. A representative cohort of 1303 children born in the same time frame was randomly sampled in a nationwide immunisation survey. Thirty cases were eligible for VE calculation; 19 were unvaccinated and 11 vaccinated with hexavalent vaccines. VE was 68.4% (95% CI: 19.0–87.6) for incomplete primary series and 90.4% (95% CI: 70.6–96.8) for the full primary series. For full immunisation VE was 100.0% (95% CI: 52.7–100.0)…

Multiple sclerosis survival: a population-based study in Sicily

2009

Background and purpose:  There are few population-based surveys on multiple sclerosis (MS) survival. To investigate MS survival in MS patients recruited during surveys conducted in Sicily. Methods:  Multiple sclerosis patients identified during previous surveys were randomly matched to two referent subjects by residence, year of birth, and gender. Living status was obtained by municipality records (end of follow-up June, 30th 2007) and, for the deceased, date and causes of death were searched. Kaplan-Meier plots were used to calculate differences in mortality between MS patients and referent subjects. MS risks for mortality with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were also calculated. Results:  …

Clinical and Prognostic Value of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in the Restaging Process of Recurrent Cutaneous Melanoma

2020

Background: Several studies on 18F-FDG-PET/CT have investigated the prognostic role of this imaging modality in different tumors after treatment. Nevertheless, its role in restaging patients with recurrent CM still needs to be defined. Objective: The aim of this retrospective multicenter study was to evaluate the clinical and prognostic impact of 18F-FDG-PET/CT on the restaging process of cutaneous melanoma (CM) after surgery in patients with suspected distant recurrent disease or suspected metastatic progression disease. Materials and Methods: 74 patients surgically treated for CM underwent 18F-FDG-PET/CT for suspected distant recurrent disease or suspected metastatic progression disease.…

Adverse events as potential predictive factors of activity in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with lenvatinib

2021

Background and Aim: Lenvatinib is a standard of care option in first-line therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we aim to identify, in patients with HCC treated with lenvatinib, a possible association between occurrence and grading of adverse events (AEs) and outcome. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 606 Japanese and Italian patients treated with lenvatinib in first-line setting and investigated the possible correlation between the onset of AEs, toxicity grade (G) and outcome measures such as overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: The appearance of arterial hypertension G ≥ 2 independently predicted prolonged …

Stiff landings are associated with increased ACL injury risk in young female basketball and floorball players

2016

Background: Few prospective studies have investigated the biomechanical risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between biomechanical characteristics of vertical drop jump (VDJ) performance and the risk of ACL injury in young female basketball and floorball players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: At baseline, a total of 171 female basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in a VDJ test using 3-dimensional motion analysis. The following biomechanical variables were analyzed: (1) knee valgus angle at initial contact (IC), (2) peak knee abduction moment, (3) knee flexion angle at …

Pollutants and Air Pollution

2016

Biopartitioning micellar chromatography to predict ecotoxicity

2001

Abstract The knowledge of chemical toxicity is necessary for risk assessment and ranking of chemicals according their hazard potential. The use of biopartitioning micellar chromatography has proven to be valid in predicting several biological activities of different kinds of compounds. In this paper, the relationships between retention of 66 organic pollutants and several ecotoxicity parameters are studied. Adequate correlations retention-ecotoxicity (LC 50 in fish and daphnia, EC 50 in green algae and daphnia, values of chronic toxicity in fish and green algae and bioconcentration factor in fish) of organic pollutants are obtained. These models are compared with the corresponding obtained …

Problems of soil and groundwater pollution in the disposal of “marble” slurries in NW Sicily

2007

This work deals with disposal of slurries generated during the cutting and polishing processes of slabs of decorative sedimentary carbonate rocks in the north western Sicily. At present, they are used as fillers of dismantled quarries near the sawmills and, as a final step of reclamation, are covered with earth layers. In spite of such inexpensive solution, there is lack of knowledge about the composition of the waste. In order to assess if there is any threat for the environment and to suggest indications for alternative solutions, such as recycling or inactivation processes, the slurries were analysed by XR diffraction, simultaneous thermal analysis, ICP/MS, ionic chromatography, FTIR, UV…

Quality Standards for Recycled Water: Opuntia ficus-indica as Sorbent Material

2017

In recent years, increased industrial and agricultural activities and the correlated population growth led to overexploitation of natural resources and the increased generation of various types of pollutants. For these reasons, the hazardous pollution of wastewater is one of the most important environmental problems worldwide. A wide range of wastewater treatment technologies are available; however, some disadvantages are often reported. Hence, there is a constant need to search for an efficient, low-cost and alternative wastewater treatment. Recently, several biosolids have been considered for pollutant removal from wastewaters, including Opuntia ficus-indica. This chapter focuses on waste…

Wastewater Treatments for the Food Industry: Biological Systems

2017

This chapter provides a general overview of biological wastewater remediation systems in the food industry. Water reuse systems are becoming more and more interesting and promising technologies, depending on merely quantitative estimations, physical and chemical features of pollutants and the variability of these characteristics, week after week. Different systems are available for the food industry. Several of these remediation systems may be subdivided into four categories depending on the peculiar removal operation, including biological systems. Biological techniques aim to reduce organic loads and the remaining suspended materials in wastewaters from primary processes (after a prelimina…