Search results for "Health Psychology"
showing 10 items of 77 documents
Early Antecedents of School Burnout in Upper Secondary Education : A Five-year Longitudinal Study
2020
AbstractSchool burnout symptoms are prevalent among upper secondary education students, but thus far, very little is known about the background of these symptoms. The present study examined the extent to which school burnout symptoms (i.e., exhaustion and cynicism) among upper secondary education students have their roots in primary and lower secondary school and whether early antecedents of school burnout symptoms could be identified. The sample consisted of 1544 Finnish students followed up four times (Time1–Time 4) from the end of primary school (T1; mean age 12.74 and range 11.71–14.20) to the first year of upper secondary education (T4; mean age 16.66 and range 15.55–18.39). The result…
Algunes aportacions de la psicologia social a la psicologia de la salut ocupacional
2010
L'objectiu d'aquest estudi és presentar una revisió sobre les característiques de la Psicologia de la salut ocupacional 'd'ara endavant, PSO' i algunes de les contribucions principals que la Psicologia social ha fet al seu desenvolupament, com a disciplina científica i cos de coneixements. L'estudi comença amb una presentació d'alguns dels canvis que han tingut lloc en les últimes dècades i que han afavorit l'aparició de la PSO. En el segon punt, s'hi aborda el concepte, els orígens i els objectius de la PSO. A continuació, s'hi revisen els mètodes d'investigació que han utilitzat els acadèmics i professionals de la PSO, i s'hi distingeix entre els mètodes d'investigació quantitatius i qual…
Transformations and new Professional and Academic Perspectives of Health Psychology
2013
Se realiza una visión de la Psicología de la Salud en tres grandes momentos. Uno inicial que se puede denominar como profesional, en el que los psicólogos se introducen en el campo de la salud, junto a los profesionales de la medicina y desarrollan un campo específico, intentando relacionar aspectos psicológicos con aspectos biomédicos. Un segundo momento, que denominamos lego, en el sentido de que la salud se convierte en un tema de responsabilidad de las personas. A niveles académicos coincide con la construcción social de la salud como enfoque dominante. Por último, un tercer momento que está en marcha actualmente, es la homogeneización o esquemas de integración de los servicios de salud…
A realist review to understand the efficacy and outcomes of interventions designed to minimise, reverse or prevent the progression of frailty.
2018
Interventions to minimise, reverse or prevent the progression of frailty in older adults represent a potentially viable route to improving quality of life and care needs in older adults. Intervention methods used across European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing collaborators were analysed, along with findings from literature reviews to determine 'what works for whom in what circumstances'. A realist review of FOCUS study literature reviews, 'real-world' studies and grey literature was conducted according to RAMESES (Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Synthesis: Evolving Standards), and used to populate a framework analysis of theories of why frailty interventions worked,…
Psychosocial risks at work and occupational health
2012
Los cambios que han ocurrido en las últimas décadas sobre los procesos laborales y el diseño del trabajo son de carácter sociodemográfico, económico, político, y tecnológico. Estos cambios han originado nuevos riesgos psicosociales en el trabajo que afectan a la salud y la calidad de vida laboral, pues incrementan los niveles de estrés de los trabajadores. El objetivo del estudio es presentar este tipo de riesgos, sus consecuencias, y algunas recomendaciones para promover la salud en el trabajo como estrategia para mejorar la salud pública de la población. El estudio se estructura en cinco puntos en los que: (1) se presenta el concepto de factores y riesgos psicosociales en el trabajo, (2) …
Redefining habits and linking habits with other implicit processes
2019
In their commentaries on Hagger (2019), Gardner, Rebar, and Lally (2019) and Phillips (2019) provide welcome debate on the conceptualization and operation of habits in physical activity. In this response, I extend their comments by (i) calling for a redefining of habits to encompass contemporary views of habit, and (ii) suggesting that descriptions of physical activity habits should make reference to their relations with other implicit constructs that reflect automatic processes. Specifically, I contend that extant definitions of habits for complex behaviors like physical activity should move away from definitions of unitary responses to specific cues or contexts, and, focus on ‘macro’ expr…
The reasoned action approach applied to health behavior: Role of past behavior and tests of some key moderators using meta-analytic structural equati…
2018
Abstract Rationale The reasoned action approach (RAA) is a social cognitive model that outlines the determinants of intentional behavior. Primary and meta-analytic studies support RAA predictions for multiple health behaviors. However, including past behavior as a predictor in the RAA may attenuate model effects. Direct effects of past behavior on behavior may reflect non-conscious processes whereas indirect effects of past behavior through social cognitive variables may represent reasoned processes. Objective The present study extended a previous meta-analysis of the RAA by including effects of past behavior. The analysis also tested effects of candidate moderators of model predictions: be…
Can “Type A Behaviour” Predict Health Risk Behavior for Romanian Youth?
2015
Abstract We use a Romanian sample of 535 males and 824 females, in order to test JAS capacity to predict health risk behaviour, like smoking or unsafe sexual activity. Data analysis reveals a low capacity of this test to predict targeted behaviour and should be used only with precaution. People scoring high on JAS appear to start early sexual life and to feel confortable with that. They smoke a significant bigger number of cigarettes and report a bigger number of sexual partners. They also appear to quit school early in a bigger proportion than people with low JAS score.
Psicología y Salud. Calidoscopio de Prácticas Diversas
2006
The paper establishes the developments and aims of Health Psychology as a specialized field of the psychological science. Its origins and definition are described, as well as its conceptual contributions with regard to the psychological factors that mediate in the health – disease process. The physician – patient relation is characterized and it is located in relation to interdisciplinary and work in a hospital institution. It analyses the psychologist’s role and the interventions to promote and increase health; to prevent, assess and treat / rehabilitate specific disorders; analyze and improve the system and sanitarian attention; train professionals and research.
Using stage theorizing to make anti-phishing recommendations more effective
2018
Purpose This paper aims to review the behavioral phishing literature to understand why anti-phishing recommendations are not very effective and to propose ways of making the recommendations more effective. The paper also examines how the concept of stages from health communication and psychology can be used to make recommendations against phishing more effective. Design/methodology/approach This literature review study focused on the behavioral phishing literature that has relied on human subjects. Studies were excluded for reasons that included lacking practical recommendations and human subjects. Findings The study finds that phishing research does not consider where victims are residing…