Search results for "Hearing"
showing 10 items of 473 documents
Therapy Strategies for Usher Syndrome Type 1C in the Retina
2014
The Usher syndrome (USH) is the most common form of inherited deaf-blindness with a prevalence of ~ 1/6,000. Three clinical subtypes (USH1–USH3) are defined according to the severity of the hearing impairment, the presence or absence of vestibular dysfunction and the age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). USH1 is the most severe subtype with congenital severe to profound hearing loss and onset of RP before puberty. Currently only the amelioration of the hearing deficiency is implemented, but no treatment of the senso-neuronal degeneration in the eye exists.
La educación auditiva como eje vertebrador de la educación musical en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria
2013
El presente trabajo se enmarca dentro de un estudio de mayores dimensiones motivado por el interés de los autores en la didáctica de la audición musical, convencidos de que los principios fundamentales sobre los que se debería apoyar la educación musical actualmente en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria son, por una parte, la necesidad de una mayor contribución de la misma a una educación integradora de todas las dimensiones del ser humano, y por otra, la conveniencia de otorgarle un mayor protagonismo a la educación auditiva en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la materia de música en dicha etapa educativa. El propósito es dar respuesta a una serie de interrogantes que surgen en torn…
Early signs of dyslexia from the speech and language processing of children
2009
The Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia project (JLD) has followed the development of 200 children from birth until 10 years of age. Half the children are from families in which at least one of the parents has dyslexia, thus the child has a high risk of becoming dyslexic, and half have no such risk. Here the main findings of four studies in linguistics from the JLD project are reviewed. The speech processing skills were studied in 6, 18, 24 and 30-month-old children. The findings show that early signs of dyslexia can be detected in speech processing both phonologically and morphosyntactically. These precursors can be seen in perception or production of duration, in the prosody and phon…
Transport coefficients of self-propelled particles: Reverse perturbations and transverse current correlations
2019
The reverse perturbation method [Phys. Rev. E 59, 4894 (1999)] for shearing simple liquids and measuring their viscosity is extended to the Vicsek model (VM) of active particles [Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1226 (1995)] and its metric-free version. The sheared systems exhibit a phenomenon that is similar to the skin effect of an alternating electric current: Momentum that is fed into the boundaries of a layer decays mostly exponentially toward the center of the layer. It is shown how two transport coefficients, i.e., the shear viscosity $\ensuremath{\nu}$ and the momentum amplification coefficient $\ensuremath{\lambda}$, can be obtained by fitting this decay with an analytical solution of the hydr…
A genotype-phenotype correlation in Sicilian patients with GJB2 biallelic mutations
2015
The aim of this work was to study the genotype distribution of Sicilian patients with biallelic GJB2 mutations; to correlate genotype classes and/or specific mutations of GJB2 gene (35delG-non-35delG) with audiologic profiles. A total of 10 different mutations and 11 different genotypes were evidenced in 73 SNHL subjects; 35delG (90.36 % of cases) and IVS1+1 (13.69 %) were the most common mutations found in the cohort with a significant difference in the distribution between North and South Sicily. Audiological evaluation revealed a severe (16/73) to profound (47/73) hearing loss (HL) in 86.13 % of cases without significant difference between the degree of HL and the province of origin of t…
Pure-Tone Thresholds, Speech Understanding, and Their Correlates in Samples of Men of Different Ages1
1986
Pure-tone thresholds and speech understanding were studied in three samples of men of different ages (31-35, 51-55 and 71-75 years). The air-conducted pure-tone thresholds were measured at 125-8,000 Hz and speech understanding by the help of interrupted and masked speech tests. The audiological measures were related to measures of other sensory functions, psychomotor speed, cognitive functions, psychic well-being, occupational and educational background and health. The results indicated a clear decrement in all audiological measures when proceeding from younger to older age groups. The results of the speech-understanding tests correlated significantly with the pure-tone thresholds both at 4…
Cognitive Functioning of the Prelingually Deaf Adults
2014
Deafness is a model of brain adaptation to sensory deprivation which entails psychomotor and cognitive domains. This study seeks to determine the level of emotional intelligence, assessed from the ability to discern emotions from facial expressions, visual and mental attention, and non-verbal fluency in the deaf people as compared with the hearing counterparts. Participants were 29 prelingually deaf, hearing loss of >70 dB, communicating only in sign language, and 30 hearing persons. The age range of all subjects was 40–50 years. Psychometric tools consisted of the Emotional Intelligence Scale-Faces, the d2 Test of Attention, and the Figural Fluency Test. Data elaboration took gender into a…
<b>Cognitive functioning of the prelingually deaf adults </b>
2014
Deafness is a model of brain adaptation to sensory deprivation which entails psychomotor and cognitive domains. This study seeks to determine the level of emotional intelligence, assessed from the ability to discern emotions from facial expressions, visual and mental attention, and non-verbal fluency in the deaf people as compared with the hearing counterparts. Participants were 29 prelingually deaf, hearing loss of >70 dB, communicating only in sign language, and 30 hearing persons. The age range of all subjects was 40–50 years. Psychometric tools consisted of the Emotional Intelligence Scale-Faces, the d2 Test of Attention, and the Figural Fluency Test. Data elaboration took gender into a…
Audiological Investigation of Otitis Media in Children with Atopy
2011
Otitis media (OM) describes an inflammatory process within the middle ear space that is generally associated with accumulation of fluid and that may lead to hearing loss, learning difficulties, and delays in language development. The pathogenesis of OM is multifactorial, involving the adaptive and native immune system, eustachian tube dysfunction, viral and bacterial load, and genetic and environmental factors. The involvement of IgE-mediated allergic reactions in the pathogenesis of OM has been suggested by clinical observations of a high prevalence of OM among patients with allergies. Evidence from studies involving tympanometric measurements, audiometric measurements, and otoscopic exami…
The Role of Cartilage-perichondrium Tympanoplasty in the Treatment of Tympanic Membrane Retractions: Systematic Review of the Literature.
2022
Abstract Introduction Tympanic retraction is a condition characterized by the displacement of the tympanic membrane toward the structures of the middle ear. Clinically, tympanic retractions can lead to hearing loss, ear discharge and/or ear pain. In most of the cases, however, tympanic retractions are asymptomatic and are found accidentally during an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) examination. This condition has created numerous debates regarding the optimal choice of treatment, especially in the asymptomatic forms. The main controversy is regarding the relationship between retraction and the development of cholesteatoma, which would justify a surgical intervention performed for preventive pur…