Search results for "Heart"
showing 10 items of 3201 documents
Ventricular remodelling in rabbits with sustained high-fat diet.
2013
Aim Excess weight gain and obesity are one of the most serious health problems in the western societies. These conditions enhance risk of cardiac disease and have been linked with increased prevalence for cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death. Our goal was to study the ventricular remodelling occurring in rabbits fed with high-fat diet (HFD) and its potential arrhythmogenic mechanisms. Methods We used 15 NZW rabbits that were randomly assigned to a control (n = 7) or HFD group (n = 8) for 18 weeks. In vivo studies included blood glucose, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic measurements. Optical mapping was performed in Langendorff-perfused isolated hearts. Results Body weight (3.69 ±…
Insulin resistance and atrial fibrillation (from the Framingham Heart Study)
2011
Diabetes mellitus and obesity are increasing in prevalence and are associated with an elevated risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Given the aging of the United States population, AF is projected to concomitantly increase in prevalence in the upcoming decades. Both diabetes and obesity are associated with insulin resistance. Whether insulin resistance is an intermediate step for the development of AF is uncertain. We hypothesized that insulin resistance is associated with an increased risk of incident AF. We examined the association of insulin resistance with incident AF using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis adjusting for the established AF risk factors (i.e., age, g…
Long-term parameters of heart rate variability in patients with insulin-resistance.
2019
Heart rate variability (HRV) is defined as the oscillation in both the interval between consecutive heartbeats (considered RR intervals) and consecutives measures of instantaneous heart rates.1 HRV measures the cardiac autonomic function noninvasively1,2 and its reduction is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events.3 Insulin-resistance is a pathological condition, in which the body’s cells become resistant to insulin effects.4 The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between insulin-resistance and the reduction of HRV parameters.
The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease among primary care patients in Poland : results from the LIPIDOGRAM2015 study
2020
BACKGROUND AND AIM: To estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) disease and CV risk factors among Polish patients.METHODS: A nationwide cross-sectional study, LIPIDOGRAM2015, was carried out in Poland in the 4th quarter of 2015 and 1st and 2nd quarters of 2016; 438 primary care physicians enrolled 13,724 adult patients that sought medical care in primary health care practices.RESULTS: Nearly 19% of men and approximately 12% of women had cardiovascular disease (CVD). Over 60% of the recruited patients had hypertension (HTN), >80% had dyslipidaemia and <15% of patients were diagnosed with diabetes (DM). All of these disorders were more frequent in men. In 80% of patients the waist…
Associations of cardiometabolic risk factors with heart rate variability in 6‐ to 8‐year‐old children: The PANIC Study
2019
BACKGROUND Associations of cardiometabolic risk factors with heart rate variability (HRV) in children are unclear. We examined associations of cardiometabolic risk score (CRS) and individual cardiometabolic risk factors with HRV variables in 6- to 8-year-olds. METHODS The participants were a population-based sample of 443 children participating in baseline measurements of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children trial. Cardiometabolic risk factors included waist circumference (WC), insulin, glucose, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). CRS was calculated as WC + insulin + glucose + triglycerides - HDL cholesterol + the mea…
Impact of Fasting Glycemia on Short-Term Prognosis after Acute Myocardial Infarction
2007
The prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), according to the new criteria for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (FG 100-126 mg/dl), has not been evaluated.A total of 2353 patients with acute MI and surviving at d 5 after admission were analyzed for short-term morbidity and mortality. FG was obtained at d 4 and 5. Patients were classified as diabetes mellitus (known diabetes or FGor = 126 mg/dl), high IFG (110or = FG126 mg/dl), low IFG (100or = FG110 mg/dl), and normal fasting glucose (NFG) (FG100 mg/dl).Among the 2353 patients, 968 (41%) had diabetes mellitus, 262 (11%) had high IFG, 332 (14%) had low IFG, and 791 (34%) had NFG. Compared with NFG patients, 30-d cardiovascu…
Blood pressure and cardiac autonomic nervous system in obese type 2 diabetic patients: effect of metformin administration
2004
Background: Hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance and elevated plasma free fatty acids (FFA) levels are involved in the hypertension and cardiac sympathetic overactivity. Metformin improves insulin action and lower plasma FFA concentrations. We investigate the possible effect of metformin on arterial blood pressure (BP) and cardiac sympathetic nervous system. Methods: One hundred twenty overweight type 2 diabetic patients were treated by placebo (n = 60) + diet or metformin (850 mg twice daily) (n = 60) + diet for 4 months, to evaluate the effect of metformin treatment on the cardiac autonomic nervous system. Insulin resistance was measured by the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) index. He…
Early subclinical ventricular dysfunction in patients with insulin resistance
2014
AIMS: The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance and the detection of precocious echocardiographic signs of heart failure in patients with cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: We enrolled 34 consecutive patients with cardiovascular risk factors. All patients underwent coronary angiography, echocardiography, and laboratory tests. Exclusion criteria were diabetes (fasting glucose greater than 126 mg/dl or treatment with insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents), coronary artery disease, creatinine above 1.5 mg/dl, left-ventricular hypertrophy, valvular heart disease, ejection fraction below 50%, atrial fibrillation, or other severe arrhythmia. The presence of…
Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Physical Activity, and Insulin Resistance in Children
2020
Purpose Few studies have investigated the independent and joint associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body fat percentage (BF%) with insulin resistance in children. We investigated the independent and combined associations of CRF and BF% with fasting glycemia and insulin resistance and their interactions with physical activity (PA) and sedentary time among 452 children age 6 to 8 yr. Methods We assessed CRF with a maximal cycle ergometer exercise test and used allometrically scaled maximal power output (Wmax) for lean body mass (LM) and body mass (BM) as measures of CRF. The BF% and LM were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, fasting glycemia by fasting plasma glucos…
Metabolic and cardiopulmonary effects of detraining after a structured exercise training programme in young PCOS women
2008
Summary Objective The aim of the present study was to determine if the favourable cardiopulmonary and metabolic benefits induced by exercise training (ET) programme are maintained after its cessation. Patients Thirty-two young overweight polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women matched for age and body mass index (BMI) with other 32 PCOS patients was enrolled. The first group [PCOS-T (trained)] underwent 24-week ET programme, whereas the second [PCOS-DT (detrained)] underwent 12-week ET programme followed by 12-week detraining period. Methods At baseline, after 12- and 24-week follow-up, all PCOS women were studied for their hormonal (ovarian and adrenal androgens), metabolic (glucose and …