Search results for "Heat"

On the Real-Time Simulation and Control of the Continuous Casting Process

1990

Ll this paper we present a method for controlling in real-time the secondary cooling of the continuous casting machine. The method is based on the heat transfer model, which simulates the temperature distribution of the cast, and on the use of direct digital control (DDC). Off-line simulation results considering the control method is presented.

On the optimal cooling of the steel during continuous casting

2006

Automatic Secondary Cooling Control for the Continuous Casting Process of Steel

1991

Two simulation models for finding the optimal secondary cooling strategy in continuous casting process are presented. The first one is a two-dimensional off-line model for optimizing steady state casting operation. The second one is a one-dimensional model which can be used for simulating casting operation in real-time during varying casting conditions.

FE-Modelling of Continuous Casting Problem

1986

A mathematical model for simulating the heat transfer during solidification in continuous casting of steel is presented. The heat transfer coefficients along and across the strand are optimized. The evolution and location of thermal stresses are computed. Numerical examples are included.

Nonsmooth Penalty Techniques in Control of the Continuous Casting Process

1991

We introduce a mathematical model which is used to simulate the continuous casting process and to control the secondary cooling water sprays. The main object is to minimize the defects in the final products. The problem is formulated as an optimal control problem where the cost function is constructed according to certain metallurgical criteria and constraints. The temperature distribution of the strand is calculated by solving a nonlinear heat equation with free boundaries between solid and liquid phases.

On numerical simulation of the continuous casting process

1988

In this paper a steady-state nonlinear parabolic-type model, which simulates the multiphase heat transfer during solidification in continuous casting, is presented. An enthalpy formulation is used and we apply a FE-method in space and an implicit Euler method in time. A detailed solution algorithm is presented. We compute the temperature distributions in the strand when the boundary conditions (mold/spray cooling) on the strand surface are known. The numerical model gives thereby a good basis for the testing of new designs of continuous-casting machines. An application of the model to continuous casting of billets is presented.

Preliminary CAD implementation of EU-DEMO primary heat transfer systems for HCPB breeding blanket option

2019

Abstract This paper focuses on the 3D CAD implementation of the pipework and the main equipment of the Primary Heat Transfer System of EU-DEMO fusion power plant. In particular, the systems related to the Helium-Cooled Pebble Bed Breeding Blanket option are considered here. During the pulse operation, the breeding blanket modules will be the main thermal power source; Divertor and the Vacuum Vessel will contribute in the definition of the total reactor power. All the In-Vessel generated power is rejected to the Power Conversion System through a molten salt Intermediate Heat Transport System. The latter is equipped with an Energy Storage System to allow for continuous operation also during t…

The Perpetrator's mise-en-scene: Language, Body, and Memory in the Cambodian Genocide

2018

Rithy Panh's film S-21. The Khmer Rouge Killing Machine (2003) was the result of a three-year shooting period in the Khmer Rouge centre of torture where perpetrators and victims exchanged experiences and re-enacted scenes from the past under the gaze of the filmmaker's camera. Yet, a crucial testimony was missing in that puzzle: the voice of the prison's director, Kaing Guek Eav, comrade Duch. When the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) were finally established in Phnom Penh to judge the master criminals of Democratic Kampuchea, the first to be indicted was this desk criminal. The film Duch, Master of the Forges of Hell (R. Panh, 2011) deploys a new confrontation – an a…

Assessment of the Energy Potential of Chicken Manure in Poland

2019

Animal waste, including chicken manure, is a category of biomass considered for application in the energy industry. Poland is leading poultry producer in Europe, with a chicken population assessed at over 176 million animals. This paper aims to determine the theoretical and technical energy potential of chicken manure in Poland. The volume of chicken manure was assessed as 4.49 million tons per year considering three particular poultry rearing systems. The physicochemical properties of examined manure specimens indicate considerable conformity with the data reported in the literature. The results of proximate and ultimate analyses confirm a considerable effect of the rearing system on the e…

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Equivalence Ratio (ER) and Feedstock Particle Size on Birchwood Gasification

2017

This paper discusses the characteristics of Birchwood gasification using the simulated results of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. The CFD model is developed and validated with the experimental results obtained with the fixed bed downdraft gasifier available at the University of Agder (UIA), Norway. In this work, several parameters are examined and given importance, such as producer gas yield, syngas composition, lower heating value (LHV), and cold gas efficiency (CGE) of the syngas. The behavior of the parameters mentioned above is examined by varying the biomass particle size. The diameters of the two biomass particles are 11.5 mm and 9.18 mm. All the parameters investigate wit…