Search results for "Heating"

Can planning fight the urban overheating and should we tackle the "the urban heat island" per se ?

2022

Extreme temperatures in the built environment receive more audible cues every year as a result of the combined effects of local urban driven heats and climate change (urban overheating). They are in particular associated with increased mortalities during prolonged and severe heat waves, increased heat stress and poor thermal comfort in outdoors, as well as extra loads on energy, water and transport infrastructures. Though local urban heats (surface-, canopy-, boundary layer-) are associated with poor quality and/or lack of urban green in dense urban fabrics, construction materials that facilitate heat trapping and heat storage in the urban fabrics as well as human activities’ heat-related e…

High-Temperature Short-Time Inactivation of Peroxidase by Direct Heating with a Five-Channel Computer-Controlled Thermoresistometer

1997

The thermal inactivation kinetics of horseradish and asparagus peroxidase in high-temperature short-time conditions was studied by heating in a five-channel computer-controlled thermoresistometer. Horseradish peroxidase was heated between 111.5 and 145°C and the reaction was analyzed assuming that two isoenzymes with EaL = 44.1 and Eas = 22.0 kcal/mol were present. Asparagus peroxidase heated from 110 to l20°C reacted with first-order kinetics, with Ea = 20 kcal/mol. The five-channel computer-controlled thermoresistometer enabled us to study the inactivation kinetics of the more labile fraction of horseradish peroxidase at temperatures above 100°C; this equipment was suitable for studying t…

Feasibility analysis of biomass pellets production and utilization in the countryside as a substitute for natural gas

2018

Na Ukrainie do celów grzewczych od lat tradycyjnie spożywany jest gaz ziemny. W ostatnich latach zanotowano szybki wzrost jego ceny, co znacznie obciąża budżet rad wiejskich. Skutecznego rozwiązania problemu lokalne władze szukają w wykorzystaniu alternatywnych źródeł energii. Obecnie na Ukrainie co roku powstają znaczne ilości odpadów rolniczych. Głównym celem pracy jest ocena ekonomicznej opłacalności zastąpienia gazu ziemnego peletem z biomasy. W badaniu uwzględniono czynniki techniczne,technologiczne, rolnicze i ekonomiczne oraz koszty cyklu życia produktu. Oszacowano potencjał rocznych dostaw biomasy oraz zapotrzebowania na pelet (590,27 tony). Do wyznaczonych celów niezbędna powierzch…

Multi-Authored Manuscripts and Speedup in Academic Publishing

2014

It is unfair to count a n-authored paper as one paper for each coauthor, i.e., as n papers: this is “feeding the multitude”. Sharing the credit among coauthors by percentages or by simply dividing by n is fairer but somewhat harsh. So, we propose to take into account the productivity gains of parallelization by introducing a team bonus function that multiplies the allocation thereby increasing the credit allocated to each coauthor.The degree of parallelization cannot be determined exogenously discipline by discipline. So, one may propose that each team of coauthors indicates how the labor was organized to produce the paper. Unfortunately, the coauthors may systematically bias their answers …

Assessment of a pilot system for seawater desalination based on vacuum multi-effect membrane distillation with enhanced heat recovery

2018

Abstract This work presents the evaluation of an innovative system based on vacuum multi-effect membrane distillation modules (V-MEMD) for seawater desalination at pilot scale. This four-effect unit introduces a remarkable modification from previous V-MEMD systems, consisting of the use of the seawater feed flow as cooling in the condenser, rather than a separate circuit. Preheating the feed in the condenser improved heat efficiency (maximum gained output ratio obtained for seawater was 3.2). Maximum distillate fluxes reached 8.5 l h−1 m−2 for hot feed temperature 75 °C and feed flow rate 150 l h−1. Increasing both parameters to raise the productivity was hindered by the inability of the co…

The non-isothermal rheological behaviour of molten polymers: Shear and elongational stress growth of polyisobutylene under heating

1981

Data of stress growth under both shear and elongational kinematics have been taken in presence of heating temperature ramps on a commerical polyisobutylene.

Fast Response Heating Module for Temperature Programmed GC Analysis in Microreaction Systems

2000

For monitoring the reactant and product concentrations of a gas phase microreactor for ethylene oxide synthesis the development of a miniaturised device for fast GC analysis suitable for operation in conjunction with the microreactor is advantageous. Therefore, a method employing short (0.2 – 0.4 m) packed capillary columns was developed. Highly crosslinked polystyrene microspheres proved to be the most suitable adsorbent enabling a high separation efficiency. For fast temperature programming design concepts for an efficient heating module capable to be used with short capillary columns were developed. In principle, planar as well as cylindrical designs are suitable for integration of a res…

Heating and cooling with a heat pump

2009

Sub-Structuring Dynamics and Heating in Dense Coronal Structures

2005

Dense coronal plasma is confined in magnetic loops, the building blocks of the bright X-ray corona. We overview recent findings from the analysis of confined coronal plasma observed with SoHO and TRACE and its interpretation. Internal substructuring, mass transport and dynamics, and heating processes are discussed.

Studying the double-frequency heating mode in ECRIS plasma using Kα diagnostics

2018

Despite the success of double-heating frequency in enhancing high charge state production, the underlying physics remains poorly understood. By combining three different diagnostic techniques i.e. Kα emission, optical emission and the extracted charge state distribution, it is now possible to assess the proposed explanations for the effectiveness of double-frequency heating against the experimental results. These results seem to indicate that the increase of plasma density accounts largely for the favorable behavior of this operation mode compared to single-frequency mode. peerReviewed