Search results for "Helium"
showing 10 items of 1689 documents
EpCAM and microvascular obstruction in patients with STEMI: a cardiac magnetic resonance study
2021
Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): This study was funded by “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” and “Fondos Europeos de Desarrollo Regional FEDER” Bachground. Microvascular obstruction (MVO) is negatively associated with cardiac structure and worse prognosis after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), involved in endothelium adhesion, is an understudied area in the MVO setting. Purpose. We aimed to evaluate whether EpCAM is associated with the appearance of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived MVO and long-term systolic function in reperfused STEMI. Methods.…
Wine consumption and renal diseases: new perspectives.
2006
Investigations into the relation between wine consumption and kidney disease have been limited. Patients with chronic renal failure show accelerated atherosclerotic damage and, considering the well-known protective effect of wine on the cardiovascular system, moderate wine consumption might be advantageous. Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, which are inter-related, play a role in the pathophysiology of many renal diseases, including acute and chronic renal failure. Ethanol and non-alcoholic wine components, especially polyphenols, influence oxidative balance and endothelial function. Although long-term alcohol abuse has been associated with many renal alterations in humans, in e…
Raloxifene promotes prostacyclin release in human endothelial cells through a mechanism that involves cyclooxygenase-1 and -2
2005
Objective To examine the effects of raloxifene on prostacyclin production by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and to shed light on the molecular details of that action. Design Cell culture for 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 hours. Setting University research laboratory. Patient(s) Source of HUVEC. Intervention(s) Measurement of prostacyclin production and of protein levels and mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2. Main Outcome Measure(s) Prostacyclin production was measured by enzyme immunoassay, the mRNA expression of COX-1 was measured by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction, and the protein levels of COX-1 and -2 were measured by immunoblotting. Result(s) Ralo…
Erythrocyte-associated apolipoprotein B and its relationship with clinical and subclinical atherosclerosis
2011
Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (4): 365–370 Abstract Background Apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins are closely linked to atherogenesis. These lipoproteins are transported in plasma and are also associated with blood leucocytes. Our aim was to investigate whether apoB-containing lipoproteins are also present on the surface of erythrocytes and investigate the relationship with the presence of atherosclerosis in a cross-sectional study. Materials and methods Erythrocyte-bound apoB (ery-apoB) was measured by flowcytometry in subjects with (CAD+) and without coronary artery disease (CAD−), based on coronary angiography or on a history of cardiovascular disease. Intima media thickness (…
Effects of endothelin-1 on the cerebrovascular bed of the goat.
1991
Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the cerebrovascular bed of the goat, the importance of endothelial integrity and the contribution of extracellular Ca2+ to these responses. We measured isometric tension and 45Ca2+ uptake in isolated middle cerebral arteries, and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in unanesthetized animals. ET-1 elicited concentration-dependent contractions which were potentiated in arteries without endothelium. Ca2+-free medium and nicardipine inhibited, and Bay K 8644 potentiated the ET-1-induced contractions. ET-1 enhanced 45Ca2+ uptake in isolated arteries. Injections of ET-1 directly into the cerebral circulation decrease…
CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTHEMIA AND POLYCYTHEMIA VERA: THROMBOTIC RISK AND SURVIVAL
2019
Thromboembolic and bleeding events pose a severe risk for patients with Polycythemia Vera (PV) and Essential Thrombocythemia (ET). Many factors can contribute to promoting the thrombotic event due to the interaction between platelets, leukocytes, and endothelium alterations. Moreover, a significant role can be played by cardiovascular risk factors (CV.R) such as cigarette smoking habits, hypertension, diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia. In this study, we evaluated the impact that CV.R plays on thrombotic risk and survival in patients with PV and ET .
Endothelial dysfunction in morbid obesity.
2013
Morbid obesity is a chronic multifunctional disease characterized by an accumulation of fat. Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Endothelial dysfunction, as defined by an imbalance between relaxing and contractile endothelial factors, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of these cardiometabolic diseases. Diminished bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) contributes to endothelial dysfunction and impairs endothelium- dependent vasodilatation. But this is not the only mechanism that drives to endothelial dysfunction. Obesity has been associated with a chronic inflammatory process, atherosclerosis, and oxidative stress. …
Regulation of endotoxin-induced IL-6 production in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and Kupffer cells by IL-10
1997
SUMMARY Sinusoidal endothelial cells and Kupffer cells are the first cell populations in the liver that come into contact with gut-derived endotoxin in portal blood. Although endotoxin concentrations as high as 1 ng/ml are physiologically present in portal blood, no local inflammation is seen. We show that the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6, which is central to the development of inflammatory reactions in the liver, is produced by sinusoidal endothelial cells and Kupffer cells in response to low concentrations of endotoxin (100 pg/ml to 1 ng/ml). The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 down-regulated endotoxin-induced IL-6 release in endothelial and Kupffer cells. Importantly, Kupffer cells sec…
Pathophysiology of polymorphonuclear leukocyte in arterial hypertension
2009
This review shows how polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) play a pivotal role in the development of the organ injury that is associated with arterial hypertension. Elevated white blood cell count and higher levels of PMNs activation are risk factors for arterial hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Spontaneously activated PMNs release proinflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species, which have negative effects on vascular tone and on their adhesion to the endothelium. The oxidative stress in hypertensive PMNs is revealed by increased NADPH-oxidase production and lipid peroxidation and by decreased cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase concentrations. The overexpression of…
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vascular disease: from marvel to menace.
2006
Nitric oxide (NO·) is an important protective molecule in the vasculature, and endothelial NO· synthase (eNOS) is responsible for most of the vascular NO· produced. A functional eNOS oxidizes its substrate l -arginine to l -citrulline and NO·. This normal function of eNOS requires dimerization of the enzyme, the presence of the substrate l -arginine, and the essential cofactor (6 R )-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro- l -biopterin (BH 4 ), one of the most potent naturally occurring reducing agents. Cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, or chronic smoking stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species in the vascular wall. Nicotinamide adenine dinu…