Search results for "Hep G2 Cell"
showing 7 items of 117 documents
An in vitro tool to assess cytochrome P450 drug biotransformation-dependent cytotoxicity in engineered HepG2 cells generated by using adenoviral vect…
2011
Many adverse drug reactions leading to hepatotoxicity are caused by the cytochrome P450-dependent activation of non-toxic drugs or chemicals into reactive metabolites. To this end, adenoviruses were used as a tool to efficiently deliver specific CYP genes into cultured cells (i.e., human hepatoma cell line HepG2). Recombinant-defective adenoviral vectors encoding for genes CYP3A4 (Adv-CYP3A4), CYP2E1 (Adv-CYP2E1), CYP2A6 (Adv-CYP2A6) and CYP1A2 (Adv-CYP1A2) were used to confer specific CYP drug metabolic capabilities to HepG2 cells. Upgraded cells transiently expressed single specific cytochrome P450 enzymatic activities in terms of the number of the infecting virus particles used in their …
Cytotoxic effects of individual and combined sterigmatocystin and nivalenol on liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells
2020
Abstract Since humans are exposed to different mycotoxins through daily intake, there is increasing concern about the adverse effects of the interactions between them. Cytotoxicity of sterigmatocystin (STE) and nivalenol (NIV) alone and in combination in human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Furthermore, ROS production and alteration of ΔΨm as mechanisms of action were assessed. Cells were treated with concentrations ranging from 0.15 to 5 μM for NIV and from 0.78 to 50 μM for STE individually and in binary combinations. The combination ratio between the mixture STE + NIV was 10:1. The IC50 values of NIV ranged from 0.96 to 0.66 μM, whereas no IC50 values were obta…
The Inflammatory Feed-Forward Loop Triggered by the Complement Component C3 as a Potential Target in Endometriosis
2021
Copyright © 2021 Agostinis, Zorzet, Balduit, Zito, Mangogna, Macor, Romano, Toffoli, Belmonte, Morello, Martorana, Borelli, Ricci, Kishore and Bulla. The complement system is a major component of humoral innate immunity, acting as a first line of defense against microbes via opsonization and lysis of pathogens. However, novel roles of the complement system in inflammatory and immunological processes, including in cancer, are emerging. Endometriosis (EM), a benign disease characterized by ectopic endometrial implants, shows certain unique features of cancer, such as the capacity to invade surrounding tissues, and in severe cases, metastatic properties. A defective immune surveillance against…
Dose calculation in biological samples in a mixed neutron-gamma field at the TRIGA reactor of the University of Mainz
2010
To establish Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) for non-resectable liver metastases and for in vitro experiments at the TRIGA Mark II reactor at the University of Mainz, Germany, it is necessary to have a reliable dose monitoring system. The in vitro experiments are used to determine the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of liver and cancer cells in our mixed neutron and gamma fi eld. We work with alanine detectors in combination with Monte Carlo simulations, where we can measure and characterize the dose. To verify our calculations we perform neutron fl ux measurements using gold foil activation and pin-diodes . Material and methods . When L- α -alanine is irradiated with ionizing …
Expression of Wild-Type and Variant Estrogen Receptor Alpha in Liver Carcinogenesis and Tumor Progression.
2011
Although estrogen receptors (ERs) are expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), several clinical trials have failed to demonstrate the efficacy of antiestrogen treatment in HCC patients. Recently, the identification of several ER splicing variants has enlightened the complex nature of estrogen signaling in peripheral tissues; this may help understanding estrogen role in either nontumoral or malignant nonclassical target organs, including liver. In this work we have investigated mRNA expression of wild-type and splice variants of ERα in nontumoral, cirrhotic, and malignant human liver, as well as in HCC cell lines, using an exon-specific reverse transcription polymerase chain reacti…
Targeting HSP90 with the small molecule inhibitor AUY922 (luminespib) as a treatment strategy against hepatocellular carcinoma
2018
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor that responds very poorly to existing therapies, most probably due to its extraordinary inter- and intra-tumor molecular heterogeneity. The modest therapeutic response to molecular targeted agents underlines the need for new therapeutic approaches for HCC. In our study, we took advantage of well-characterized human HCC cell lines, differing in transcriptomic subtypes, DNA mutation and amplification alterations, reflecting the heterogeneity of primary HCCs, to provide a preclinical evaluation of the specific heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor AUY922 (luminespib). Indeed, HSP90 is highly expressed in different tumor types, but it…
The Extracellular δ-Domain is Essential for the Formation of CD81 Tetraspanin Webs
2014
AbstractCD81 is a ubiquitously expressed member of the tetraspanin family. It forms large molecular platforms, so-called tetraspanin webs that play physiological roles in a variety of cellular functions and are involved in viral and parasite infections. We have investigated which part of the CD81 molecule is required for the formation of domains in the cell membranes of T-cells and hepatocytes. Surprisingly, we find that large CD81 platforms assemble via the short extracellular δ-domain, independent from a strong primary partner binding and from weak interactions mediated by palmitoylation. The δ-domain is also essential for the platforms to function during viral entry. We propose that, ins…