Search results for "Hepatitis B viru"

showing 10 items of 296 documents

Smouldering hepatitis B virus replication in patients with chronic liver disease and hepatitis delta virus superinfection

1991

Hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid (HBV-DNA) was studied by Southern blot analysis in liver biopsy specimens from 75 HBsAg-positive patients with chronic liver disease living in southern Italy. Twenty-seven of the patients were hepatitis delta virus (HDV) superinfected. Intrahepatic HBV-DNA was detected in 54 (72%) patients, 32 (59%) of them with replicative forms. The presence of replicative forms was directly related to liver HBcAg and inversely related to liver HDAg, as shown by multivariate analysis. However, 14 patients with intrahepatic HBV-DNA non-replicative pattern and about half of HDV-infected patients were liver HBcAg and/or serum HBV-DNA positive, mostly in low amounts. Hi…

AdultDNA ReplicationMaleHepatitis B virusAdolescentvirusesPopulationVirus ReplicationChronic liver diseasemedicine.disease_causeVirusmedicineHumansChildeducationAgedHepatitis B viruseducation.field_of_studyHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologymedicine.diagnostic_testbiologyLiver Diseasesvirus diseasesMiddle Agedbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologyHepatitis Ddigestive system diseasesBlotting SouthernHBcAgLiverHepadnaviridaeChild PreschoolLiver biopsySuperinfectionChronic DiseaseDNA ViralImmunologyHepatitis Delta VirusJournal of Hepatology
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Selection of a precore mutant after vertical transmission of different hepatitis B virus variants is correlated with fulminant hepatitis in infants

1995

The incidence of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) depends on the HBeAg/anti-HBe status of the mother. While children of HBeAg-positive mothers have a 90% probability of acquiring a chronic hepatitis B virus carrier state, babies of anti-HBe-positive mothers are more likely to develop fulminant hepatitis within the first 3 to 4 months of life. There is evidence that precore (pre-C) mutations of the HBV can be associated with fulminant hepatitis. The pre-C region was therefore examined in sera from nine infants with fulminant hepatitis after vertical transmission, one HBeAg-positive and seven anti-HBe-positive mothers by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequence ana…

AdultHepatitis B virusAdolescentMolecular Sequence DataPopulationmedicine.disease_causeVirusPregnancyVirologymedicineHumansHepatitis B e AntigensFulminant hepatitiseducationHepatitis B viruseducation.field_of_studyBase Sequencebiologyvirus diseasesHepatitis BHepatitis Bmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationVirologyInfectious Disease Transmission Verticaldigestive system diseasesInfectious DiseasesHepadnaviridaeHBeAgDNA ViralMutationImmunologyFemaleViral diseaseSequence AnalysisJournal of Medical Virology
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HLA-DRB1*1301 AND *1302 protect against chronic hepatitis B

1997

Abstract Background/Aims: The outcome of acute hepatitis B infection may be influenced by host factors like the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). We have investigated MHC class I and class II antigens in patients with chronic hepatitis B compared to a healthy control population. To confirm the findings of this first study we performed a second study in a group of subjects who had spontaneously recovered from acute hepatitis B infection. Methods: Frequencies of MHC class I and class II antigens were analyzed in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and in control subjects. MHC class I typing was done by standard microlymphocytotoxicity assays. DRB1 and DQA1 genotypes were d…

AdultHepatitis B virusRemission SpontaneousPopulationEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayMajor histocompatibility complexmedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionHLA-DQ alpha-ChainsVirusHLA-DQ AntigensMHC class ImedicineHumansSerologic TestsProspective StudiesHepatitis B AntibodieseducationHLA-DRB1AllelesHepatitis B viruseducation.field_of_studyMHC class IIHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologybiologyHLA-DR AntigensHepatitis BVirologyChronic infectionImmunoglobulin GChronic DiseaseDNA ViralImmunologybiology.proteinHLA-DRB1 ChainsJournal of Hepatology
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Impact of comorbidities on the severity of chronic hepatitis B at presentation.

2011

AIM: To evaluate the clinical relevance of each cofactor on clinical presentation of chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Out of 1366 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive subjects consecutively observed in 79 Italian hospitals, 53 (4.3%) showed as the only cofactor hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection [hepatitis B virus (HBV)/HDV group], 130 (9.5%) hepatitis C virus (HCV) (group HBV/HCV), 6 (0.4%) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (group HBV/HIV), 138 (10.2%) alcohol abuse (group HBV/alcohol); 109 (8.0%) subjects had at least two cofactors and 924 were in the cofactor-free (CF) group. RESULTS: Compared with patients in group CF those in group HBV/alcohol were older and more frequently had ci…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMaleHBsAgmedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisBrief ArticleHepatitis C virusAlcohol abuseLiver CirrhosiHIV InfectionsComorbiditymedicine.disease_causeGastroenterologyChronic hepatitis BSeverity of Illness IndexLiver diseaseHepatitis B ChronicHepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus dual infectionInternal medicinemedicineHBVHumansAge FactorHIV InfectionAgedHepatitis B virusbusiness.industryGastroenterologyAge Factorsvirus diseasesGeneral MedicineHepatitis CMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHepatitis DHepatitis Cdigestive system diseasesHepatitis DAlcoholismItalyImmunologyFemaleHepatitis D virusbusinessHepatitis B virus/hepatitis D virus dual infectionHuman
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Interaction of alcohol intake and cofactors on the risk of cirrhosis.

2010

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the interaction between alcohol intake and cofactors [hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), body mass index] and coffee consumption on the risk of cirrhosis. DESIGN: Seven hundred and forty-nine consecutive patients with chronic liver disease referring to units for liver or alcohol diseases in Italy during a 6-months period. Teetotalers were excluded. The odds ratios (OR) for cirrhosis were evaluated using chronic hepatitis cases as the control group. RESULTS: An alcohol intake of more than 3 units/day resulted associated with the likelihood of cirrhosis both in males (OR 4.3; 95% CI=2.5-7.3) and in females (OR 5.7; 95% CI=2.3-14.5). A multiplicative int…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMaleHepatitis B virusAlcohol Drinkingalcohol cirrhosis coffeeHepacivirusCoffeeRisk Assessmentcirrhosis coffeeBody Mass IndexNORisk FactorsOdds RatioHumansCIRRHOSISAgedHepatitis B Surface AntigensalcoholHepatitis C AntibodiesMiddle AgedHepatitis BHepatitis CItalyCase-Control StudiesDisease ProgressionRNA ViralFemale
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HBV-DNA suppression and disease course in HBV cirrhosis patients on long-term lamivudine therapy

2005

In hepatitis B virus (HBV) cirrhosis patients on long-term lamivudine (LAM), the relationships between HBV suppression, development of viral resistance and disease outcome are unclear. We analysed the dynamic of serum HBV-DNA and its relationship with the clinical course of 59 patients (52 males, mean age 51.4 ±8.4 years, 12 HBeAg positive and 47 HBeAg negative, and 57 genotype D and two genotype A) with cirrhosis (45 in Child-Turcotte-Pugh class A) and high levels of serum HBV-DNA (median 14.7x107 genomes/ml) treated with LAM [median (range): 44 (15–78) months]. A total of 50 patients (84.7%) achieved a virological response (serum HBV-DNA negative by PCR) during the first 6 months of ther…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMaleHepatitis B virusCirrhosisHBV DNA Lamivudine Therapy suppression HBV diseasemedicine.disease_causeVirus ReplicationAntiviral AgentsVirusDrug Administration ScheduleDisease courseCohort StudiesOrthohepadnavirusmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)AgedPharmacologyHepatitis B virusbiologyReverse-transcriptase inhibitorLamivudineMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseHepatitis BVirologydigestive system diseasesInfectious DiseasesHepadnaviridaeLamivudineDNA ViralMutationFemalemedicine.drug
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The importance of HCV on the burden of chronic liver disease in Italy: a multicenter prevalence study of 9,997 cases

2005

Knowledge of the current epidemiology of chronic liver disease in Italy is mostly obsolete and fragmentary for the lack of up-to-date consistent data. In 2001, a 6-month prevalence study was undertaken in 79 hospitals to assess the characteristics of chronic liver disease in Italy. Both prevalent and incident cases were enrolled. A total of 9,997 patients were recruited, of whom 939 (9.4%) had normal liver biochemistry, 6,210 (62.1%) had chronic hepatitis, 1,940 (19.4%) had liver cirrhosis, and 341 (3.4%) had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In 567 patients (5.7%) the diagnosis was not established. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) was found in 69.9% of the patients and was the only etiological factor…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMaleHepatitis B virusHBsAgCarcinoma HepatocellularCirrhosisalcohol abuseHepatitis C virusHepacivirusChronic liver diseasemedicine.disease_causeRisk FactorsVirologyPrevalencemedicineHBVHumansAgedbusiness.industryIncidenceLiver DiseasesLiver NeoplasmsHepatitis CMiddle AgedHepatitis BHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseHepatitis CVirologyAlcoholismInfectious DiseasesItalyHepatocellular carcinomaChronic DiseaseHCVFemaleViral hepatitisbusiness
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HBV reactivation in patients with HCV/HBV cirrhosis on treatment with direct-acting antivirals

2017

Anecdotal reports suggest that patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) hepatitis and overt or occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection may reactivate HBV when HCV is suppressed or cleared by direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). We assessed the prevalence of overt or previous HBV coinfection and the risk of HBV reactivation in patients with HCV cirrhosis treated with DAAs. This was a retrospective cohort of 104 consecutive patients with HCV cirrhosis treated with DAAs. Serum HCV-RNA and HBV-DNA were tested at weeks 4, 8 and 12 of DAAs therapy and at week 12 of follow-up. At the start of DAAs, eight patients (7.7%) were HBsAg positive/HBeAg negative with undetectable HBV-DNA and low level…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMaleHepatitis B virusHBsAgCirrhosisHepacivirusHepacivirusmedicine.disease_causeAntiviral AgentsVirus03 medical and health sciencesHepatitis B Chronic0302 clinical medicineVirologymedicineHumansHBV-DNA reactivationnucleos(t)ide analogues therapyAgedRetrospective StudiesHepatitisHepatitis B virusHepatologybiologyCoinfectionbusiness.industryvirus diseasesRetrospective cohort studyHepatitis C ChronicMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationVirologyprevious HBV infectiondigestive system diseasesInfectious DiseasesHBV/HCV coinfection030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDNA ViralCoinfectionRNA ViralFemaleVirus Activation030211 gastroenterology & hepatologysustained virological responsebusiness
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Complement fixation test in the study of Australia antigen

1971

1810 serum samples obtained from 315 patients with various liver diseases, 44 with miscellaneous non-hepatic diseases and 1133 healthy subjects were assayed for Australia antigen by complement fixation (CF) and immunodiffusion (ID) tests.

AdultLiver CirrhosisMaleHepatitis B virusImmunodiffusionmedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisAdolescentCross ReactionsBiologyHepatitisHepatitis B AntigensMedical microbiologyAntigenAntibody SpecificityVirologymedicineHumansHepatovirusChildAgedHepatitisImmune SeraLiver DiseasesComplement Fixation TestsHealthy subjectsAlanine TransaminaseGeneral MedicineHepatitis AMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseComplement fixation testVirologyImmunodiffusionEvaluation Studies as TopicChild PreschoolAcute DiseaseChronic DiseaseImmunologyFemaleViral hepatitisArchiv f�r die gesamte Virusforschung
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High risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in anti-HBe positive liver cirrhosis patients developing lamivudine resistance

2004

The emergence of drug-resistant virus in hepatitis B virus patients treated with lamivudine is well documented. However. its clinical impact in the long-term treatment of anti-HBe positive compensated cirrhotic patients is not well known. In this study, we treated 22 consecutive patients with anti-HBe compensated cirrhosis with lamivudine for a median period of 42 months. All patients responded to lamivudine, but viral breakthrough occurred in 13 patients (59%) between 9 and 42 months of therapy due to the emergence of a mutant strain. During the follow-up, 11 developed hepatocellular carcinoma. Of these, 10 occurred soon after the emergence of viral resistance, generally showing aggressive…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMaleHepatitis B virusmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularCirrhosisLAMIVUDINEmedicine.disease_causeRisk AssessmentGastroenterologyVirusVirologyInternal medicineDrug Resistance ViralHumansMedicineHepatitis B e AntigensHEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMAHepatitis B AntibodiesCIRRHOISIS; HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA; LAMIVUDINE; HEPATITIS B; PRE-CORE MUTANTHepatitis B virusCirrhosiHepatologybusiness.industryCIRRHOISISLamivudineMiddle AgedHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseHepatitis B Core AntigensViral BreakthroughPRE-CORE MUTANTInfectious DiseasesHepatocellular carcinomaRelative riskMutationHEPATITIS BReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsFemalePrecore mutantbusinessmedicine.drugJournal of Viral Hepatitis
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