Search results for "Histocompatibility"
showing 10 items of 473 documents
Microsatellite allele 5 of MHC class I chain-related gene a increases the risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in latvians.
2006
: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. It is an autoimmune, polygenic disease, associated with several genes on different chromosomes. The most important gene is human leukocyte antigen (HLA), also known as major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which is located on chromosome 6p21.3. HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 are positively associated with IDDM and DQ6 is negatively associated with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. The MICA gene is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. Sequence determination of the MICA gene identifies 5 alleles with 4, 5, 6, and 9 repetitions of GCT or 5 repe…
Full length cDNA of rat RT1.DMa and RT1.DMb and expression of RT1.DM genes in dendritic and Langerhans cells.
1997
MHC encoded DM heterodimers and classical MHC class II complexes meet in an endosomal/lysosomal compartment where DM heterodimers support peptide loading of MHC class II. Studies on peptide loading of rat class II and on peptide persistence in cells of the dendritic lineage prompted us to establish full length cDNA clones coding for the subunits alpha and beta of rat DM molecules as well as a mAb directed against the luminal moiety of the beta subunit. Here we describe the establishment of the first full length cDNA clones of rat RT1.DMa and RT1.DMb. The mode of expression of RT1.DM at the transcript level in bone marrow culture-derived dendritic cells, in Langerhans cells and in a number o…
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Allele 2 Shows an Association with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Latvians
2006
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. It is an autoimmune disease. Genes contributing the most for development of IDDM are located on chromosome 6p21.3 in the region called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 have shown positive association with IDDM, while DQ6 has negative association with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. The location of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the MHC suggests the role of TNF in the etiology of IDDM as an autoimmune disease. The TNF region contains several polymorphisms that are associated with different levels of TNF-alpha production and susceptibility to autoi…
An approach to predictive testing of contact sensitizers in vitro by monitoring their influence on endocytotic mechanisms.
1996
Endocytotic activation of epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) by immunogenic haptens is an early event during development of allergic contact dermatitis. In this work a fast and objective flow-cytometric assay for predictive in vitro testing of contact sensitizers by monitoring their influence on endocytotic mechanisms in murine LC was developed. Epidermal cell suspensions were labelled with a monoclonal antibody directed to MHC class II molecules and pH-sensitive fluorochrome-coupled second-step reagents. For untreated LC a significant quenching of fluorescence intensity by internalization of the MHC-antibody complexes into acidic compartments was noticed. Similar results were obtained in the …
Induction of anamnestic T cell proliferation by antigen-pulsed, bone marrow-derived macrophages.
1981
Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM phi) were grown in a liquid culture system in the presence of L cell-conditioned medium as a source of colony-stimulating factor. After a 4-h pulse with antigen, cultured irradiated BMM phi were capable of presenting the antigen to primed T cells as assessed in a T cell proliferation assay. Proliferation was optimal when BMM phi were used between days 5 and 8 of bone marrow cell culture. T cells of Lyt1 and Lyt123 phenotype had to be present at the start of the culture period to yield an optimal response. Conventional antisera and monoclonal antibodies directed against the H-2 I region and the I-A subregion, respectively, proved inhibitory in this system…
Analysis of the immune response induced by a single xenoantigen in vivo
2004
Transgenic mice expressing human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules would provide a valuable model system for studying murine anti-human MHC immune response. We have previously shown that skin from HLA-DR1 transgenic mice was rejected by control littermates and spleen cells from rejecting mice were able to proliferate to donor cells. The aim of this paper is to analyze the mechanism of recognition of this xenoantigen and the possible involvement of antibody response in anti-HLA-DR1 immune response. Control littermates were immunized with spleen cells from HLA-DR1 transgenic (TG) mice; at indicated times, xenoantigen-specific proliferation and IFNgamma production was a…
Mutations in the HFE gene and cardiovascular disease risk: an individual patient data meta-analysis of 53 880 subjects.
2008
Background— Whether mutations in the hemochromatosis (HFE) gene increase cardiovascular disease risk is still undetermined. The main reason is the low frequency of the mutations, in particular of the compound C282Y/H63D genotype. We combined the data of 11 observational studies for an individual patient data meta-analysis. Methods and Results— Individual patient data were obtained from published as well as unpublished studies that had information available on the C282Y mutation as well as the H63D mutation in relation to coronary heart disease risk. Individual records were provided on each of the 53 880 participants in 11 studies. In total, 10 541 patients with coronary events were documen…
Involvement of -308 TNF-alpha and 1267 Hsp70-2 polymorphisms and zinc status in the susceptibility of coronary artery disease (CAD) in old patients.
2006
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by an inflammatory status and it represents the major cause of death in elderly. Zinc deficiency and inflammatory genes within major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region are implicated in ischaemic heart diseases. TNF-alpha is present in coronary artery plaques and may provoke plaque instability. Hsp70 plays instead a pro-atherogenic role, via proinflammatory cytokine production, in atherosclerotic lesions contributing to plaque rupture. Contradictory data report the association between -308 TNF-alpha polymorphism and CAD, while no investigations exist on Hsp70-2 gene in CAD. In the current study, we analysed -308 TNF-alpha and 1267 Hsp70-2 …
Non-coordinate synthesis of MHC class II proteins and invariant chains by epidermal Langerhans cells derived from short-term in vitro culture
1994
Epidermal cells (EC) prepared from Lewis rat skin contained 2-3% class II+, LCA+ Langerhans cells (LC). LC enriched from freshly isolated EC suspensions proved highly effective accessory cells when presenting the nominal antigen OVA to an RT1.Bl-restricted ovalbumin (OVA)-specific rat T cell clone. Short-term preculture of the EC resulted in diminished OVA presenting capacity of the LC. Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis of class II and gamma chain expression revealed an up-regulation of class II on the LC's cell surface, consistent with earlier findings in mouse and human. However, while the presence of gamma chains in mouse LC was reported to decline to negligible levels during culture we obse…
Enhanced serum levels of soluble HLA class I molecules are induced by treatment with recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)
1991
SUMMARY In order to investigate serum levels of soluble HLA class I antigens after single injection of various doses of recombinant IFN-γ (rIFN-γ) and to correlate the changes observed to beta-2-microglobulin serum levels, we studied five patients with metastasizing renal cell carcinoma. Each patient received three treatment cycles of 10, 100 and 500 μg rIFN-γ three times at weekly intervals. The treatment cycles were separated by a therapy-free interval of 2 weeks. The order of dose levels was randomly assigned to each patient. Serum levels of soluble HLA class I proteins were measured by an ELISA in samples drawn immediately before and 4, 24, 48, 72 and 168 h after each administration of …