Search results for "History of Physics"

showing 10 items of 65 documents

Comment on “Indications of aT=0Quantum Phase Transition inSrTiO3”

1998

A Comment on the Letter by Daniel E. Grupp and Allen M. Goldman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 3511 (1997). The authors of the Letter offer a Reply.

Quantum phase transitionPhysicsQuantum mechanicsQuantum critical pointMathematics::General TopologyGeneral Physics and AstronomyMathematics::Geometric TopologyPhysics::History of PhysicsPhysical Review Letters
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Chronology and Outlook

2018

The following chronology places emphasis on the basics and on interpretations of quantum physics; it should not be considered to be a history of quantum physics as a whole. In particular, the special developments within quantum field theory, and the advances in particle physics which grew out of them, are not included. However, along with the interpretations which were given a detailed treatment in earlier chapters (Copenhagen, GRW, Everett, Bohm), a number of other approaches are briefly mentioned here. They could not be treated in detail in the rest of the book.

Rest (physics)Theoretical physicsPhilosophyQuantum field theoryPhysics::History of PhysicsChronology
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Exploring Historical Scientific Instruments by Using Mobile Media Devices

2022

We describe an educational activity that can be completed with mobile media devices in order to understand the working principle of a pair of tuning forks, from the Historical Collection of Physics Instruments of the University of Palermo, and how they were used to explain acoustic interference and beats with the Lissajous optical method. This approach can be used with any tuning fork and it is a valuable teaching strategy that does not require specific laboratory equipment.

Settore FIS/08 - Didattica E Storia Della FisicaGeneral Physics and AstronomyEducationPhysics Education History of Physics Mobile media devices Museum of Physics Instruments of Acoustics
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The Dunkl–Williams constant, convexity, smoothness and normal structure

2008

Abstract In this paper we exhibit some connections between the Dunkl–Williams constant and some other well-known constants and notions. We establish bounds for the Dunkl–Williams constant that explain and quantify a characterization of uniformly nonsquare Banach spaces in terms of the Dunkl–Williams constant given by M. Baronti and P.L. Papini. We also study the relationship between Dunkl–Williams constant, the fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings and normal structure.

Smoothness (probability theory)Applied MathematicsMathematical analysisStructure (category theory)Banach spaceMathematics::Classical Analysis and ODEsCharacterization (mathematics)Fixed-point propertyJames constantSmoothnessNormal structureConvexityPhysics::History of PhysicsDunkl–Williams constantConvexityMathematics::Quantum AlgebraConstant (mathematics)Mathematics::Representation TheoryAnalysisMathematicsJournal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
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Coxeter on People and Polytopes

2004

H. S. M. Coxeter, known to his friends as Donald, was not only a remarkable mathematician. He also enriched our historical understanding of how classical geometry helped inspire what has sometimes been called the nineteenth-century’s non-Euclidean revolution (Fig. 35.1). Coxeter was no revolutionary, and the non-Euclidean revolution was already part of history by the time he arrived on the scene. What he did experience was the dramatic aftershock in physics. Countless popular and semi-popular books were written during the early 1920s expounding the new theory of space and time propounded in Einstein’s general theory of relativity. General relativity and subsequent efforts to unite gravitati…

SpacetimeGeneral relativityGeneral MathematicsCoxeter groupArt historyPhysics::History of Physicssymbols.namesakeHistory and Philosophy of ScienceDifferential geometryCoxeter complexsymbolsArtin groupEinsteinCoxeter elementThe Mathematical Intelligencer
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Coherent states: a contemporary panorama

2012

Coherent states (CS) of the harmonic oscillator (also called canonical CS) were introduced in 1926 by Schr?dinger in answer to a remark by Lorentz on the classical interpretation of the wave function. They were rediscovered in the early 1960s, first (somewhat implicitly) by Klauder in the context of a novel representation of quantum states, then by Glauber and Sudarshan for the description of coherence in lasers. Since then, CS have grown into an extremely rich domain that pervades almost every corner of physics and have also led to the development of several flourishing topics in mathematics. Along the way, a number of review articles have appeared in the literature, devoted to CS, notably…

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsPure mathematics010308 nuclear & particles physicsMathematics::History and Overview[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]General Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsQuantum entanglement01 natural sciencesPhysics::History of PhysicsGroup representationQuantization (physics)Theoretical physicsQuantum state[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Modeling and Simulation0103 physical sciencesCoherent statesQuantum gravityQuantum information010306 general physicsMathematical PhysicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSQuantum computer
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Directly probing the chirality of Majorana edge states

2021

We propose to directly probe the chirality of Majorana edge states in 2D topological superconductors using polarization selective photon absorption. When shining circularly polarized light on a 2D topological superconductor in disk geometry, the photons can excite quasiparticles only when the polarization of the light matches the chirality of the Majorana edge states required by the angular momentum conservation. Hence, one can obtain the chirality of the Majorana edge states by measuring the photon absorption rate. We show that the polarization selective photon absorption can also serve as smoking gun evidence of the chiral Majorana edge mode.

Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)fotonitCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)FOS: Physical scienceskvasihiukkasetPhysics::History of PhysicssuprajohteetPhysical Review B
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Distinguishing Majorana Zero Modes from Impurity States through Time-Resolved Transport

2019

We study time-resolved charge transport in a superconducting nanowire using time-dependent Landauer-B{\"u}ttiker theory. We find that the steady-state Majorana zero-bias conductance peak emerges transiently accompanied by characteristic oscillations after a bias-voltage quench. These oscillations are absent for a trivial impurity state that otherwise shows a very similar steady-state signal as the Majorana zero mode. In addition, we find that Andreev bound states or quasi-Majorana states in the topologically trivial bulk phase can give rise to a zero-bias conductance peak, also retaining the transient properties of the Majorana zero mode. Our results imply that (1) time-resolved transport m…

SuperconductivityPhysicsSettore FIS/03Zero modeCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicssuprajohtavuusCondensed matter physicsPhase (waves)General Physics and AstronomyConductanceFOS: Physical sciencesCharge (physics)Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect01 natural sciencesTopological quantum computerPhysics::History of Physics010305 fluids & plasmasMAJORANAnanorakenteet0103 physical sciencesBound stateMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)kvanttifysiikka010306 general physics
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Continuity and Change in Cosmological Ideas in Spain Between the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: The Impact of Celestial Novelties

2010

The star which became visible in 1572 in the constellation of Cassiopeia (identified by twentieth-century astronomers as a Type I supernova), and the works and polemics to which it gave rise, marked an important stage in the abandonment of Aristotelian and medieval cosmology and their replacement by the idea of the infinite—or indefinite—universe of modern physics and astronomy.

SupernovaGeographyCelestial bodyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAbandonment (legal)Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsModern physicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysics::History of PhysicsClassicsCosmologyConstellation
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Quantum Field Theory

2018

Quantum field theory (QFT) shares many of its philosophical problems with quantum mechanics. This applies in particular to the quantum measurement process and the connected interpretive problems, to which QFT contributes hardly any new aspects, let alone solutions. The question as to how the objects described by the theory are spatially embedded was already also discussed for quantum mechanics. However, the new mathematical structure of QFT promises new answers, which renders the spatiotemporal interpretation of QFT the pivotal question. In this chapter, we sketch the mathematical characteristics of QFT and show that a particle as well as a field interpretation breaks down.

Theoretical physicsField (physics)Computer scienceQuantum measurementQuantum field theoryMathematical structurePhysics::History of PhysicsSketchInterpretation (model theory)
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