Search results for "Hop"

Is Activation of the Back Muscles Impaired by Creep or Muscle Fatigue?

2010

STUDY DESIGN: Intervention study on healthy human subjects. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether reflex activation of the back muscles is influenced by muscle fatigue or soft tissue creep in the spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Reflex contraction of the back muscles normally acts to limit spinal flexion, and hence protect the underlying spine from injury. However, repeated flexion allows bending moments on the spine to increase. Impaired reflexes as a result of fatigue or soft tissue creep may be contributing factors. METHODS: A total of 15 healthy volunteers (8 females/7 males aged 23-55 years) underwent 2 interventions, on separate days: (a) sitting flexed for 1 hour to induce creep and (b) …

Implementation Fidelity of a Program Designed to Promote Personal and Social Responsibility Through Physical Education

2011

The purpose of this qualitative comparative case study was to examine the implementation fidelity of a program designed to deliver the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) model (Hellison, 2003) through physical education and its relationship with short-term outcomes for elementary school students. The research questions were: (a) was the program implemented with fidelity, and (b) did better fidelity yield better student outcomes. Thus, we conducted a study on the implementation process used by two teachers who delivered the same program in two physical education classes in two different elementary schools in Spain. Data sources included observations and interviews with teache…

Apoptosis resistance in epithelial tumors is mediated by tumor-cell-derived interleukin-4

2008

We investigated the mechanisms involved in the resistance to cell death observed in epithelial cancers. Here, we identify that primary epithelial cancer cells from colon, breast and lung carcinomas express high levels of the antiapoptotic proteins PED, cFLIP, Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. These cancer cells produced interleukin-4 (IL-4), which amplified the expression levels of these antiapoptotic proteins and prevented cell death induced upon exposure to TRAIL or other drug agents. IL-4 blockade resulted in a significant decrease in the growth rate of epithelial cancer cells and sensitized them, both in vitro and in vivo, to apoptosis induction by TRAIL and chemotherapy via downregulation of the antia…

Leukocytes in neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses: function and apoptosis

1997

The neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses (NCL) are a group of progressive encephalopathies with a fatal course that are mostly of autosomal recessive inheritance. The pathophysiological mechanisms causing the diseases are not known. The characteristic histomorphological feature of the NCL is an abnormal lysosomal accumulation of lipopigments in neural and extraneural cells, including peripheral blood leukocytes. We studied the function of peripheral venous blood immunocompetent cells in ten patients with NCL and in age- and sex-matched controls to determine how, if at all, the accumulation of intracytoplasmic storage material influences the functional capacity of affected tissue. Our results did …

Hypochondriasis, Somatoform Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

2012

The question of whether hypochondriasis (HYP) should be considered a somatoform disorder (SFD) or classified as an anxiety disorder (ANX) has recently been raised. To empirically provide information on this issue, we compared patients with HYP (n = 65) with those with other SFDs (n = 94) and those with ANX (n = 224) regarding sociodemographic and biographical variables, general psychopathology, and naturalistic cognitive-behavioral therapy treatment effects. Compared with SFD, patients with HYP were younger and had fewer comorbid affective disorders and less impaired life domains, suggesting a closer connection between HYP and ANX. Regarding cognitive-behavioral therapy treatment effects, a…

Evaluation of standardized rater training for the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)

1998

The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is employed increasingly for the evaluation of therapeutic outcome in studies on schizophrenia. Rater training is important to improve the concordance and accuracy of ratings; however, there are no established guidelines for carrying out such training. We conducted rater training, under clinical conditions, of psychiatrists and clinical psychologists who were rather unfamiliar with the PANSS. Based on videotapes of PANSS interviews, all participants were trained during five successive standardized weekly sessions. The results were analyzed with respect to conventional criteria of concordance with standard expert ratings and interrater reliabi…

The association between psychopathological aspects and CT measurements in affective disorders.

1988

Effects of emotional picture viewing on voluntary eye blinks

2014

Eyeblinks, whether reflexive or voluntary, play an important role in protecting our vision. When viewing pictures, reflexive eyeblinks are known to be modulated by the emotional state induced thereby. More specifically, the hedonic valence (unpleasantness-pleasantness) induced by the picture has been shown to have a linear relationship with the amplitude of a startle blink elicited during picture viewing. This effect has been attributed to congruence between an ongoing state and task demands: an unpleasant emotional state is assumed to bias our attention towards potentially harmful stimuli, such as startle tones. However, recent research suggests that the valence-specific modulation may not…

Strength of memory encoding affects physiological responses in the Guilty Actions Test

2009

The Guilty Actions Test (GAT) is a valid and scientifically sound technique of forensic psychophysiology that allows for the detection of concealed memories. However, its application has been challenged because the results might be affected by the culprit's forgetting of crime details as well as the leakage of information to innocents. In the current study, these aspects were examined by varying the amount of time between a mock crime and the subsequent GAT, as well as by contrasting culprits with informed innocents. It turned out that culprits specifically forgot peripheral crime details during a period of 2 weeks whereas informed innocents showed similar forgetting for all details. As a c…

Subtyping treatment-seeking gaming disorder patients

2021

Abstract Background and aims Gaming Disorder (GD) is characterized by a pattern of persistent and uncontrolled gaming behavior that causes a marked impairment in important areas of functioning. The evolution of the worldwide incidence of this disorder warrants further studies focused on examining the existence of different subtypes within clinical samples, in order to tailor treatment. This study explored the existence of different profiles of patients seeking treatment for GD through a data-driven approach. Methods The sample included n = 107 patients receiving treatment for GD (92% men and 8% women) ranging between 14 and 60 years old (mean age = 24.1, SD = 10). A two-step clustering anal…