Search results for "Human factor"
showing 10 items of 798 documents
Psychosoziale Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren in Kindheit und Jugend als Prädisposition für psychische Störungen im Erwachsenenalter
1997
Longitudinal and well-controlled cross-sectional studies have shown that numerous psychosocial stress factors in childhood and youth affect psychic health in the long term. The significance of compensatory protective factors has also been well documented in various studies. An overview of this work is presented: the factors which need to be clarified and taken into consideration in the diagnosis of psychic disorders have been summarized and critically analyzed on the basis of the results of more recent studies of the significance of sexual traumatization.
Trait anxiety and parental child-rearing behavior: Support as a moderator variable?
1988
Abstract Based on central assumptions of the social support literature and on formulations concerning the construction of competence and consequence expectancies, a model for the interaction of maternal and paternal child-rearing behavior in the development of children's trait anxiety is presented. Hypotheses concerning this model are tested empirically; 160 boys and 169 girls (aged 12–14 years) responded to the “Erziehungsstil-Inventar” (“Child-Rearing Inventory”), which serves as a measure of child-rearing styles as perceived by the child, as well as to a German adaptation of the “State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children”. General relations between the variables were analyzed by means o…
Fitbit for learning: Towards capturing the learning experience using wearable sensing
2020
The assessment of learning during class activities mostly relies on standardized questionnaires to evaluate the efficacy of the learning design elements. However, standardized questionnaires pose additional strain on students, do not provide “temporal” information during the learning experience, require considerable effort and language competence, and sometimes are not appropriate. To overcome these challenges, we propose using wearable devices, which allow for continuous and unobtrusive monitoring of physiological parameters during learning. In this paper we set out to quantify how well we can infer students’ learning experience from wrist-worn devices capturing physiological data. We coll…
The communication breakdown in the generation of the adverse event in an obstetrics and gynecology ward: a System Dynamics perspective.
2013
During the last two decades, the issue of clinical risk management became one of the key topics in the Health care sector due to the increasing attention to the patient safety and the increase in monetary and non monetary costs (insurance fees, image etc.). For this reason, in the healthcare sector have been imported risk management methods that have been successfully applied in other sector. However they are too static and linear to study such a complex and dynamic issue as the risk management. The objective of the research is to investigate, with a system dynamics perspective, the relationship between the communication and the adverse event in the Health Care, referring to the studies of …
Helping children in bullying situations: The role of intersubjective understanding and co-regulation
2020
Contemporary definitions of bullying are strikingly in agreement that bullying represents aggressive behaviour involving premeditation, time span, power imbalance and clear role assignment. Even though useful in some situations, these premises are not as helpful if the aim is to improve the social environment in educational contexts. The aim of the present article is to argue that educators need alternative theoretical tools when attempting to improve relations between children. We argue that interpretations of bullying in educational contexts are not ‘owned’ by any specific party, but rather involve (1) intersubjective negotiation and (2) the co-regulative competence of educators and child…
The Interaction Between Physical and Psychosocial Stressors
2020
Do physical and psychosocial stressors interact to increase stress in ways not explainable by the stressors alone? A preliminary study compared participants’ stress response while subjected to a physical stressor (reduced or full physical load) and a predetermined social stressor (confronted by calm or aggressive behavior). Salivary cortisol samples measured endocrine stress. Heart rate variability (HRV) and electrodermal activity (EDA) measured autonomic stress. Perceived stress was measured via discomfort and stress state surveys. Participants with a heavier load reported increased distress and discomfort. Encountering an aggressive individual increased endocrine stress, distress levels, …
0450 Preventing and promoting musculoskeletal health at the workplace through the design and evaluation of an innovative multicomponent intervention:…
2017
Objectives Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are main cause of work absence, reducing sustainability of working trajectories. The objective of INTEVAL_Spain project is to assess the effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention at the workplace to prevent MSD. Methods The intervention comprises evidence-based primary (participatory ergonomics-PE), secondary and tertiary prevention (case management-CM), and health promotion targeted to MSD. All components are integrated and require full coordination. A cluster randomized trial with a late intervention control group is being implemented to evaluate its effectiveness. Quantitative and qualitative information is being obtained from databases of …
Modeling visual sampling on in-car displays: The challenge of predicting safety-critical lapses of control
2015
In this article, we study how drivers interact with in-car interfaces, particularly by focusing on understanding driver in-car glance behavior when multitasking while driving. The work focuses on using an in-car touch screen to find a target item from a large number of unordered visual items spread across multiple screens. We first describe a cognitive model that aims to represent a driver?s visual sampling strategy when interacting with an in-car display. The proposed strategy assumes that drivers are aware of the passage of time during the search task; they try to adjust their glances at the display to a time limit, after which they switch back to the driving task; and they adjust their t…
Analysis of the written handover process during shift changes within the hospital
2008
This study assesses the ergonomic quality of a new writing format used for the written transmission of activity during a nurse’s handover in a hospital. This format called “targeted or focussed transmission” comes from a new prescription of hospital management designed to improve the written handover process. Our research focused on the information filtering process for each patient concerned by a shift handover. A three step methodology was designed, with the participation of 9 nurses in charge of 70 patients : (1) nursing work analysis before the handover, (2) oral handover analysis, (3) written handover analysis. Results show that the new writing format does not match the nurses’ needs t…
Radical innovation by theoretical abstraction - a challenge for the user-centred designer
2016
AbstractIt is generally accepted that scientific disciplines such as psychology, sociology, and anthropology contribute beneficially to design by providing understanding of users’ needs, experiences, and desires. Arguably, however, these disciplines have more to contribute, because they include theories and models that can be applied as design frames and principles. More specifically, goal-setting, visualization, thematization, and conceptual reconfiguration are general mechanisms through which theories translate into design contributions. Actualizing radical design solutions via these mechanisms is discussed: theories provide appropriate means of abstraction, which allows ‘distance’ from u…