Search results for "Human leukocyte antigen"
showing 10 items of 248 documents
Human Leukocyte Antigens Class II Alleles Affecting the Response to 5–7 Year Antiretroviral Therapy in A Latvian Cohort
2019
Abstract Antiretroviral therapy (ART) aims at suppressing viral replication and strengthening immune system in patients with HIV-1. Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) are among factors responsible for effectiveness of ART. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of HLA Class II alleles on the response to long-time ART, assessed by a change in CD4+ T-cell count in relation to viral load. The sample included 69 patients (17 females and 52 males) aged 20 to 50 with HIV-1 infection, who were undergoing ART in the Latvian Centre of Infectious Diseases. The median period of observation was 5.7 years. CD4+ T-cell count and viral load were analysed at the baseline and end of the period of obs…
Clinical efficacy of α4 integrin block with natalizumab in ankylosing spondylitis
2016
We describe the impact of α4-β1/7 blockade with natalizumab, a recombinant humanised immunoglobulin (Ig) G4κ monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeted to the α4 subunit of the α4β1 and α4β7 integrins, on the gut and spine inflammation in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) who developed multiple sclerosis after treatment with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-blocking agents. A 45-year-old man with human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27-positive AS was admitted in January 2007. He had been diagnosed with AS 4 years earlier based on the presence of inflammatory back pain, peripheral arthritis, radiographic bilateral grade 2 sacroiliitis, HLA-B27 positivity. At that time, he had evidence of chronic int…
Risk of Classic Kaposi Sarcoma With Combinations of Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor and Human Leukocyte Antigen Loci: A Population-Based Case-con…
2015
BACKGROUND Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a complication of KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. Other oncogenic viral infections and malignancies are associated with certain HLA alleles and their natural killer (NK) cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) ligands. We tested whether HLA-KIR influences the risk of KSHV infection or KS. METHODS In population-based case-control studies, we compared HLA class I and KIR gene frequencies in 250 classic (non-AIDS) KS cases, 280 KSHV-seropositive controls, and 576 KSHV-seronegative controls composing discovery and validation cohorts. Logistic regression was used to calculate sex- and age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals. RESUL…
The immunoglobulin γ marker 17 allotype and KIR/HLA genes prevent the development of chronic hepatitis B in humans
2020
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes a self-limiting disease in most individuals. However, < 10% of infected subjects develop a chronic disease. Genetic host variability of polymorphic genes at the interface of innate and acquired immunity, such as killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), their human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and IgG allotypes (GM), could explain this different clinical picture. We previously showed a protective role of the KIR2DL3 gene for the development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and a detrimental role of the KIR ligand groups, HLA-A-Bw4 and HLA-C2. We have expanded the previous analysis genotyping patients for GM23 and GM3/17 allotypes. The comparison of the …
Role of Immunogenetics in the Outcome of HCMV Infection: Implications for Ageing
2019
The outcome of host-virus interactions is determined by a number of factors, some related to the virus, others to the host, such as environmental factors and genetic factors. Therefore, different individuals vary in their relative susceptibility to infections. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important pathogen from a clinical point of view, as it causes significant morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed or immunosenescent individuals, such as the transplanted patients and the elderly, respectively. It is, therefore, important to understand the mechanisms of virus infection control. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the immunobiology of HCMV-host interactions, with partic…
Association between γ marker, human leucocyte antigens and killer immunoglobulin‐like receptors and the natural course of human cytomegalovirus infec…
2017
Natural killer (NK) cells provide a major defence against cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection through the interaction of their surface receptors, including the activating and inhibitory killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), and human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class I molecules. Also GM allotypes, able to influence the NK antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), appear to be involved in the immunological control of virus infections, including HCMV. In some cases, their contribution requires epistatic interaction with other genes of the immune system, such as HLA. In the present report, with the aim to gain insight into the immune mechanisms controlling HCMV, we have studied t…
Autoimmune diseases and 8.1 ancestral haplotype: an update
2018
The aim of the present review is to provide an update of the current research into the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases associated with 8.1 ancestral haplotype. This is a common Caucasoid haplotype carried by most people who type for HLA-B8, DR3. Numerous genetic studies reported that individuals with certain HLA alleles have a higher risk of specific autoimmune disorders than those without these alleles. However, much remains to be learned about the heritability of autoimmune conditions. Recently, progress and advances in the field of genome-wide-association studies have revolutionized the capacity to perform large, economically feasible, and statistically robust analyses of HLA within …
In Silico Typing of Classical and Non-classical HLA Alleles from Standard RNA-Seq Reads
2018
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) enables the rapid generation of billions of short nucleic acid sequence fragments (i.e., "sequencing reads"). Especially, the adoption of gene expression profiling using whole transcriptome sequencing (i.e., "RNA-Seq") has been rapid. Here, we describe an in silico method, seq2HLA, that takes standard RNA-Seq reads as input and determines a sample's (classical and non-classical) HLA class I and class II types as well as HLA expression. We demonstrate the application of seq2HLA using publicly available RNA-Seq data from the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line DAUDI and the choriocarcinoma cell line JEG-3.
New insights into the genetic component of non-infectious uveitis through an Immunochip strategy.
2016
BACKGROUND: Large-scale genetic studies have reported several loci associated with specific disorders involving uveitis. Our aim was to identify genetic risk factors that might predispose to uveitis per se, independent of the clinical diagnosis, by performing a dense genotyping of immune-related loci.METHODS: 613 cases and 3693 unaffected controls from three European case/control sets were genotyped using the Immunochip array. Only patients with non-infectious non-anterior uveitis and without systemic features were selected. To perform a more comprehensive analysis of the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) region, SNPs, classical alleles and polymorphic amino acid variants were obtained via impu…
Transfer of minimally manipulated CMV-specific T cells from stem cell or third-party donors to treat CMV infection after allo-HSCT.
2017
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common, potentially life-threatening complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). We assessed prospectively the safety and efficacy of stem cell-donor-or third-party-donor-derived CMV-specific T cells for the treatment of persistent CMV infections after allo-HSCT in a phase I/IIa trial. Allo-HSCT patients with drugrefractory CMV infection and lacking virus-specific T cells were treated with a single dose of ex vivo major histocompatibility complex-Streptamer-isolated CMV epitope-specific donor T cells. Forty-four allo-HSCT patients receiving a T-cell-replete (D+ repl; n = 28) or T-cell-depleted (D+ depl; n = 16) …