Search results for "Humanized"

Molecular in vivo imaging of gastric cancer in a human-murine xenograft model: targeting epidermal growth factor receptor

2012

Background The prognosis of gastric cancer depends on early diagnosis. Targeted therapies against epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) are currently emerging for the treatment of gastric cancer. Objective To specifically visualize gastric cancer by using monoclonal antibodies targeting EGFR1 as molecular probes for in vivo molecular confocal laser endomicroscopy (mCLE) in a human-murine xenograft model. Design Prospective in vivo animal study. Setting Animal laboratory. Interventions Human gastric carcinoma xenografts were examined in 26 nude mice by using mCLE after injection of fluorescently labeled antibodies. Nine mice received low-dose anti-EGFR1 antibodies, 7 mice cetuximab, and …

Inter-society consensus document on treatment and prevention of bronchiolitis in newborns and infants

2014

Acute bronchiolitis is the leading cause of lower respiratory t ract infection and hospitalization in children less than 1y ear of age worldwide. It is usually a mild disease, but some children may develop severe symptoms, requiring hospital admission and ventilatory support in the ICU. Infants with pre-existing risk factors (prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital heart diseases and immunodeficiency) may be predisposed to a severe form of the disease. Clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis is manly based on medical history and physical examination (rhinorrhea, cough, crackles, wheezing and signs of respiratory distress). Etiological diagnosis, with antigen or genome detection to i…

Future directions in acquired hemophilia A

2021

The Impact of the International Cooperation On Familial Hypercholesterolemia Screening and Treatment: Results from the ScreenPro FH Project

2019

Purpose of Review Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is often perceived and described as underdiagnosed and undertreated, though effective treatment of FH is available. Owing to the mentioned facts, it is ever more imperative to screen and treat FH patients. Subsequent to the identification of patients, the project focuses on the improvement of their prognoses. The ScreenPro FH project was established as a functional international network for the diagnosis, screening, and treatment of FH. Individual countries were assigned goals, e.g., to define the actual situation and available treatment. With “central support,” more centers and countries participated in the project. Subsequently, individ…

Immunotherapies for thyroid eye disease

2019

Thyroid eye disease is a complex autoimmune disorder which causes substantial morbidity. It can result in orbital disfigurement, double vision, and visual loss. Consequently, it has a substantial negative effect on quality of life, mental health, and socioeconomic status. Most signs and symptoms of thyroid eye disease (TED) can be explained by the expansion of the orbital contents. Steroids are the mainstay of treatment in TED. However, recurrence may occur once steroids are withdrawn. Furthermore, in most cases, normal orbital anatomy is not restored, and skilled rehabilitative surgery is required to reduce disfigurement, double vision, and to preserve vision. Therefore, novel, causal, and…

Interleukin 23p19 inhibitors in chronic plaque psoriasis with focus on mirikizumab: A narrative review.

2020

Psoriasis, a T-cell mediated chronic dermatosis, has a complex etiopathogenesis. There has been extensive research into the aberrant immune response, which leads to the formation of clinical lesions, and the need for developing better and safer drugs has been unrelenting. The past two decades of research has opened up new areas of the immune pathway that can be targeted in order to control the disease. Therefore, we have seen the emergence of biologics which either target T-cell receptors or inhibit Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) or inhibit interleukins (IL) like IL-12, IL-17, IL-17 receptor, and more recently IL-23. Drugs specifically targeting the p19 subunit of IL-23 have shown prom…

"Omics" of HER2-positive breast cancer.

2013

HER2/neu amplification/overexpression is the only somatic mutation widely considered to be a marker of disease outcome and response to treatment in breast cancer. Pathologists have made large efforts to achieve accuracy in characterizing HER2/neu status. The introduction of transtuzumab contributed to development of additional measures to identify sensitive and resistant subclasses of HER2/neu-positive tumors. In this article, we describe the latest advances in HER2/neu status diagnostic assessment and the most relevant research emerging from ‘‘Omics’’ (genomics, epigenetics, transcriptomics, and proteomics) studies on HER2/neu-positive breast cancer. A large quantity of biomarkers from dif…

Effectiveness of omalizumab in patients 50 years and older with severe persistent allergic asthma.

2010

Omalizumab is approved for the treatment of severe allergic asthma.To compare the efficacy of omalizumab therapy in patients 50 years or older with patients younger than 50 years.Between November 2005 and November 2007 a total of 174 asthma patients 50 years or older (40.7% male, 51.1% taking oral corticosteroids, and mean [SD] serum IgE level of 315 [353] U/L) and 297 asthma patients younger than 50 years (40.0% male, 50.5% taking oral corticosteroids, and mean [SD] serum IgE level of 363 [431] U/L) who met the European Union criteria for add-on therapy with anti-IgE were treated prospectively with omalizumab for 4 months as part of 2 postmarketing surveillance trials.Compared with the pre…

Omalizumab provides long-term control in patients with moderate-to-severe allergic asthma.

2002

The ability of omalizumab, an anti-immnoglobulin-E agent, to maintain long-term disease control in patients with moderate-to-severe allergic asthma was investigated in a 24-week double-blind extension to a 28-week core trial. During the extension, 483 of the initial 546 patients were maintained on randomised treatment and the lowest sustainable dose of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) as established during the steroid-reduction phase of the core trial. The use of concomitant asthma medication was permitted and investigators were allowed to adjust the BDP dose or switch patients from BDP to other asthma medications if deemed necessary. More omalizumab-treated patients (33.5%) than placebo-t…

Predicting Responders to Reslizumab after 16 Weeks of Treatment Using an Algorithm Derived from Clinical Studies of Patients with Severe Eosinophilic…

2018

Reslizumab is a humanized anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody used as add-on maintenance treatment for patients with uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma.To predict response and nonresponse to intravenous reslizumab at 52 weeks with an algorithm we developed based on clinical indicators from pivotal clinical trials.Patients aged 18 years and older who met Global Initiative for Asthma 4 or 5 criteria and received intravenous reslizumab (n = 321) in two trials ( www.clinicaltrials.gov identifiers, NCT01287039 and NCT01285323) were selected as the data source. A mathematical model was constructed that was based on change from baseline to 16 weeks in Asthma Control Questionnaire and Asthma Quality of Lif…