Search results for "Hunger"

2017

Importance: Comprehensive and timely monitoring of disease burden in all age groups, including children and adolescents, is essential for improving population health.Objective: To quantify and describe levels and trends of mortality and nonfatal health outcomes among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2015 to provide a framework for policy discussion.Evidence Review: Cause-specific mortality and nonfatal health outcomes were analyzed for 195 countries and territories by age group, sex, and year from 1990 to 2015 using standardized approaches for data processing and statistical modeling, with subsequent analysis of the findings to describe levels and trends across geography and time among…

Land use intensification increasingly drives the spatiotemporal patterns of the global human appropriation of net primary production in the last cent…

2021

Land use has greatly transformed Earth's surface. While spatial reconstructions of how the extent of land cover and land-use types have changed during the last century are available, much less information exists about changes in land-use intensity. In particular, global reconstructions that consistently cover land-use intensity across land-use types and ecosystems are missing. We, therefore, lack understanding of how changes in land-use intensity interfere with the natural processes in land systems. To address this research gap, we map land-cover and land-use intensity changes between 1910 and 2010 for 9 points in time. We rely on the indicator framework of human appropriation of net primar…

Land use classification from multitemporal Landsat imagery using the Yearly Land Cover Dynamics (YLCD) method

2011

Abstract Several previous studies have shown that the inclusion of the LST (Land Surface Temperature) parameter to a NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) based classification procedure is beneficial to classification accuracy. In this work, the Yearly Land Cover Dynamics (YLCD) approach, which is based on annual behavior of LST and NDVI, has been used to classify an agricultural area into crop types. To this end, a time series of Landsat-5 images for year 2009 of the Barrax (Spain) area has been processed: georeferenciation, destriping and atmospheric correction have been carried out to estimate NDVI and LST time series for year 2009, from which YLCD parameters were estimated. Then…

2019

Ingested soil is a major vector of organic contaminants from environment to free-ranged animals, particularly for grazing herbivores. Therefore, a better understanding of processes driving soil intake may provide new insights to limit animal exposure to contaminants and ensure safety of animal products. To maintain the supply service of livestock farming activities in contaminated areas, it is necessary to design adapted farming practices aiming at controlling the risk for human health. This study was conducted in the French West Indies, where chlordecone, an organochlorine insecticide previously used to protect banana plantation against the black weevil and banned since 1993, has polluted …

De la maison au " village" . Les origines de la morphologie de l'habitat dispersé dans les montagnes de la Savoie du nord

2002

Dans les hautes vallées savoyardes, le peuplement d'avant l'invasion touristique était caractérisé par une implantation en hameaux dispersés à travers le territoire communal. Dispersion relative en Savoie du sud (Maurienne, Tarentaise, Combe de Savoie) où les hameaux étaient fédérés par un « chef-lieu » qui était un véritable bourg ; dispersion fréquemment absolue en Savoie du nord (Faucigny, Chablais), où le chef-lieu n'avait souvent pas plus d'importance que les écarts. C'est aux massifs mo...

The Potential Use of Raw and Deodorized Non-Conventional Protein Powder in Human Food

2014

This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of a non-conventional protein source, a powder made from earthworms, as human food. Sensory analyses were done in order to assess the acceptability of cookies that were fortified with Eisenia foetida (Ef) protein powder. Cocoa and cinnamon were used as taste-masking agents. The acceptability of cookies fortified with deodorized Ef protein powder (off-flavor reduced) was also evaluated. We demonstrated that cocoa cookies can be fortified with 3.9% of raw Ef proteins and that cocoa/cinnamon cookies can be fortified with 5.2% of raw Ef proteins without any loss in their acceptability. Cookies fortified either with a raw protein powder or with a de…

Ongoing and emerging questions in water erosion studies

2017

51 Pags.- 9 Figs. The definitive version is available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-145X

Real-time Multispectral Image Processing and Registration on 3D Point Cloud for Vineyard Analysis

2021

International audience; Nowadays, precision agriculture and precision viticulture are under strong development. In order to accomplish effective actions, robots require robust perception of the culture and the surrounding environment. Computer vision systems have to identify plant parts (branches, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, vegetables, etc.) and their respective health status. Moreover, they must merge various plant information, to measure agronomic indices, to classify them and finally to extract data to enable the agriculturist or expert to make a relevant decision. We propose a real-time method to acquire, process and register multispectral images fused to 3D. The sensors system, co…

Prevalence of genetically similarFlavobacterium columnarephages across aquaculture environments reveals a strong potential for pathogen control

2020

SummaryIntensive aquaculture conditions expose fish to bacterial infections, leading to significant financial losses, extensive antibiotic use and risk of antibiotic resistance in target bacteria.Flavobacterium columnarecauses columnaris disease in aquaculture worldwide. To develop a bacteriophage-based control of columnaris disease, we isolated and characterized 126F. columnarestrains and 63 phages againstF. columnarefrom Finland and Sweden. Bacterial isolates were virulent on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and fell into four previously described genetic groups A, C, E and G, with genetic groups C and E being the most virulent. Phage host range studied against a collection of 228 bact…

Microclimat, eau et production

1990

It is generally known that the whole of climatic factors affects directly the principal biological functions and the processes influencing crop yield. However, the control of these factors remains very difficult. Research is carried out adapting different crops to the average daily climatic characteristics and to their seasonal evolution instead of modifying the crops genetically and physiologically. Since all times the control of the factor water, not from rainfall but from irrigation, gives possibilities to modify directly the characteristics of the microclimate in the plant canopy.