Search results for "Hybridization"
showing 10 items of 812 documents
Molecular and morphological patterns of introgression between two large white-headed gull species in a zone of recent secondary contact.
2007
Incomplete reproductive isolation promotes gene flow between diverging taxa. However, any gene encoding for traits involved in the reproductive barriers will be less prone to introgression than neutral markers. Comparing introgression rates among loci is thus informative of the number and functions of loci involved in the reproductive barriers. This study aimed at identifying possible mechanisms of restriction to gene flow across a zone of recent secondary contact between Larus argentatus and Larus cachinnans by comparing introgression patterns for nine microsatellite loci, a fragment of mitochondrial DNA and a set of phenotypic traits. The low linkage disequilibrium between neutral nuclear…
Conservation status of the Hispaniolan Slider, Trachemys decorata, at Lake Trou Caïman, eastern Haiti: first data on an endemic, poorly studied, and …
2022
Hispaniolan Slider (Trachemys decorata) is a freshwater turtle of conservation interest, endemic to the island of Hispaniola. Although the species is known to be threatened with habitat destruction, hybridization with congeneric species, and commercial harvesting, little information is available on natural populations. Here we report the results of a pilot study conducted at Lake Trou Caiman, Haiti. From October 2017 to February 2018, we captured 44 individuals (mostly in areas dominated by cattails, Typhaceae) and had access to 48 additional individuals held in captivity by fishers and local people. Captive individuals were significantly larger than wildcaught ones. Based on individuals wi…
Gene flow from oilseed rape to weedy species
2003
The assessment of the likelihood of transgene spread from cultivated species to their wild relatives is relevant for oilseed rape (Brassica napus, AACC, 2n=38) as it is partially allogamous and pre...
Déterminisme du pouvoir protecteur de Fusarium oxysporum : recherche de gènes impliqués dans l'interaction protectrice avec la tomate
2007
Fusarium oxysporum is a common soil borne fungus, well represented in every type of soils, throughout the world. This species includes pathogenic strains inducing severe diseases in many crops and strains able to protect a plant against the infection by a pathogenic strain. The protective strains are not only non pathogenic strains isolated from suppressive soils but also pathogenic strains applied to a non host plant. The protective capacity of these strains is mainly based on mechanisms of competition and induced resistance of the plant The main objective of this work was to identify fungal genes involved in the protective capacity of these strains and associated to the elicitation of pla…
Population Structure and Comparative Genome Hybridization of European Flor Yeast Reveal a Unique Group of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains with Few G…
2014
Wine biological aging is a wine making process used to produce specific beverages in several countries in Europe, including Spain, Italy, France, and Hungary. This process involves the formation of a velum at the surface of the wine. Here, we present the first large scale comparison of all European flor strains involved in this process. We inferred the population structure of these European flor strains from their microsatellite genotype diversity and analyzed their ploidy. We show that almost all of these flor strains belong to the same cluster and are diploid, except for a few Spanish strains. Comparison of the array hybridization profile of six flor strains originating from these four co…
Human-induced hybridization and population bottleneck : population genetics, morphometrics and parasitology applied to the invaded and invasive tilap…
2011
Biological invasions are recognized as a significant evolutionary factor over short time scales. In particular, their effect is well recorded on the genetic structure of populations, the patterns of phenotypic evolution and the richness of parasite fauna associated to invasive populations. This study aims at quantifying the consequences of a biological invasion according to these three levels (genetical, phenotypical and parasitological) taking as example the Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus. This African cichlid is characterized by an unusual conservation status since it is both (i) ranked among the world’s worst invasive species due to its global dispersion during the 20th centu…
Terminal tendon cell differentiation requires the glide/gcm complex.
2004
International audience; Locomotion relies on stable attachment of muscle fibres to their target sites, a process that allows for muscle contraction to generate movement. Here, we show that glide/gcm and glide2/gcm2, the fly glial cell determinants, are expressed in a subpopulation of embryonic tendon cells and required for their terminal differentiation. By using loss-of-function approaches, we show that in the absence of both genes, muscle attachment to tendon cells is altered, even though the molecular cascade induced by stripe, the tendon cell determinant, is normal. Moreover, we show that glide/gcm activates a new tendon cell gene independently of stripe. Finally, we show that segment p…
Pentamidine rescues contractility and rhythmicity in a Drosophila model of myotonic dystrophy heart dysfunction
2015
Up to 80% of individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) will develop cardiac abnormalities at some point during the progression of their disease, the most common of which is heart blockage of varying degrees. Such blockage is characterized by conduction defects and supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia, and carries a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Despite its importance, very few animal model studies have focused on the heart dysfunction in DM1. Here, we describe the characterization of the heart phenotype in a Drosophila model expressing pure expanded CUG repeats under the control of the cardiomyocyte-specific driver GMH5-Gal4. Morphologically, expression of 250 CUG repeat…
Distinct 5' SCL enhancers direct transcription to developing brain, spinal cord, and endothelium: neural expression is mediated by GATA factor bindin…
1999
The SCL gene encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor with a pivotal role in the development of endothelium and of all hematopoietic lineages. SCL is also expressed in the central nervous system, although its expression pattern has not been examined in detail and its function in neural development is unknown. In this article we present the first analysis of SCL transcriptional regulation in vivo. We have identified three spatially distinct regulatory modules, each of which was both necessary and sufficient to direct reporter gene expression in vivo to three different regions within the normal SCL expression domain, namely, developing endothelium, midbrain, and hindbrain/spinal …
Molecular markers for identified neuroblasts in the developing brain of Drosophila.
2003
The Drosophila brain develops from the procephalic neurogenic region of the ectoderm. About 100 neural precursor cells (neuroblasts) delaminate from this region on either side in a reproducible spatiotemporal pattern. We provide neuroblast maps from different stages of the early embryo (stages 9, 10 and 11, when the entire population of neuroblasts has formed), in which about 40 molecular markers representing the expression patterns of 34 different genes are linked to individual neuroblasts. In particular, we present a detailed description of the spatiotemporal patterns of expression in the procephalic neuroectoderm and in the neuroblast layer of the gap genes empty spiracles, hunchback, hu…