Search results for "Hydrocephalus"

Neuroendoscopic Navigated One-Step Removal of Crossed Ventricular Catheter Fragments: Technical Note

2021

Abstract Introduction Neuroendoscopy plays an important role in minimally invasive neurosurgery. The authors reported an interesting case of a pediatric patient with multiple ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) revision surgeries, presenting with VPS infection and with two crossed intraventricular floating catheter fragments, successfully removed through a neuroendoscopic navigated one-step procedure. A literature review regarding this exceedingly rare condition has also been discussed. Case Description An 11-year-old female patient with a history of congenital hydrocephalus was admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of intracranial hypertension, psychomotor agitation, and tetrapar…

De novo CCND2 mutations leading to stabilization of cyclin D2 cause megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome

2014

Activating mutations in genes encoding phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway components cause megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome (MPPH, OMIM 603387)(1-3). Here we report that individuals with MPPH lacking upstream PI3K-AKT pathway mutations carry de novo mutations in CCND2 (encoding cyclin D2) that are clustered around a residue that can be phosphorylated by glycogen synthase kinase 313 (GSK-3 beta)(4). Mutant CCND2 was resistant to proteasomal degradation in vitro compared to wild-type CCND2. The PI3K-AKT pathway modulates GSK-3 beta activity(4), and cells from individuals with PIK3CA, PIK3R2 or AKT3 mutations showed similar CCND2 accumulation. CCND…

Letter to the Editor. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: is 1-year follow-up enough?

2022

Germinal matrix hemorrhage-intraventricular hemorrhage: pathogenesis and outcomes

2015

Germinal matrix hemorrhage-intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) is one of the CNS injuries affecting preterm infants occurring in about 15%-20% of subjects weighing less than 1500 g. Currently, using ultrasonography, we recognize three grades of GMH-IVH. Grade I involving the subependymal parenchyma and/or extending in less than 10% of the ventricle, grade II with intraventricular bleeding not expanding in more than 50% of the ventricle, grade III characterized by consistent (> 50%)intraventricu- lar bleeding with ventricular dilatation. A concomitant intraparenchymal lesion (IPL), due to a venous infarction (ex grade IV), can be associated with any grade of IVH, worsening the prognosis. P…

Concept and Treatment of Hydrocephalus in the Greco-Roman and Early Arabic Medicine

2007

In the ancient medical literature hydrocephalus was not often described although its existence and symptomatology were well known. Most detailed descriptions of hydrocephalus including the surgical treatment are extant in the encyclopaedic works on medicine of the physicians Oreibasios and Aetios from Amida from the 4th and 6th centuries AD, respectively. Because of their broad scientific interests, this type of physicians, typical for the late Roman empire, were known as philosophy-physicians (iota alpha tau rho o sigma o phi iota sigma tau alpha iota). They defined hydrocephalus in contrast to our present understanding as a fluid collection excluding abscesses visible as a bulging tumour …

Craniopharyngiomas in Children - Experience of Consecutive 152 Operated Cases

2020

Context Craniopharyngiomas (CPH) are benign tumors, rarely encountered in children, representing 5-6% of all intracranial tumors. Objective This study aimed to analyze the surgical management and quality of life in a series of CPH pediatric cases. Design This was a multicenter study performed over a 25-year period (1994 - 2019) in Bucharest. Subjects and methods 152 children (0-17 years old) were treated for CPH. Preoperative manifestations were intracranial hypertension, endocrine dysfunction, visual impairment, ataxia, intellectual performance decrease. Results Considering all surgical approaches used, we advocate for pterional approach to best fit in CPH. We achieved gross-total removal …

The actual state of computerized tomography (CT)-computer assisted tomography (CAT).

1977

The subway tunneling technique for distal shunt catheter insertion.

2019

Dear Editor,We read with interest the article by Osman et al. titled ‘Trocar assisted distal shunt tube insertion with intra-operative X-Ray confirmation’. The authors purpose their technique to pl...

Role of prenatal magnetic resonance imaging in fetuses with isolated severe ventriculomegaly at neurosonography: A multicenter study.

2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to report the rate of additional anomalies detected exclusively at prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in fetuses with isolated severe ventriculomegaly undergoing neurosonography. Method: Multicenter, retrospective, cohort study involving 20 referral fetal medicine centers in Italy, United Kingdom, Spain and Denmark. Inclusion criteria were fetuses affected by isolated severe ventriculomegaly (≥15 mm), defined as ventriculomegaly with normal karyotype and no other additional central nervous system (CNS) and extra-CNS anomalies on ultrasound. In all cases, a multiplanar assessment of fetal brain as suggested by ISUOG guidelines on fetal neurosonogra…

Mesencephalic ependymal cysts: treatment under pure endoscopic or endoscope–assisted keyhole conditions

2008

Object Primary intracranial ependymal cysts are extremely rare. Similar to congenital intraparenchymal cysts in the mesencephalon they usually occur with symptoms of an occlusive hydrocephalus or symptoms like Parinaud syndrome, dizziness, or gait disturbance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the surgical methods for the treatment of these cysts and the clinical outcome of the patients. Methods The authors present the clinical records of 8 patients who were treated in their department for symptomatic mesencephalic ependymal cysts in the past 10 years. The patient age ranged from 22 to 60 years with a mean age of 44 years. In 4 cases the authors performed a suboccipital infratent…