Search results for "Hydrogen atom"

showing 10 items of 62 documents

Hydrogen-related radiation defects in SiO2-based glasses

2008

Abstract Spectroscopic properties of hydrogen atom trapped in an oxygen vacancy in SiO2 glass were studied. Samples were loaded with D2 and H2 gases to convert O vacancies to pairs of Si–D and Si–H groups, and subsequently irradiated by F2 laser in order to destroy some of these groups. Electron paramagnetic resonance, infrared absorption and visible/UV absorption spectra were measured. Proton hyperfine doublet with splitting of 1.05 mT was found in all H2-treated/irradiated samples. UV-bleaching treatment showed that this signal is independent of the other, well-known hydrogen-related signals in silica. The size of the hyperfine splitting corresponds to twice the 1H nuclear Zeeman splittin…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsZeeman effectProtonHydrogenChemistryInfrared spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementHydrogen atomlaw.inventionsymbols.namesakelawsymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsIrradiationAtomic physicsElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationHyperfine structureNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Paramagnetic Mono- and Polyhydrides of the Transition Metals

2001

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the methods used for the synthesis or generation of paramagnetic hydride complexes. It subsequently surveys the known classes of stable open-shell hydride complexes. The chapter also reveals the fundamental properties of the M–H bond in open-shell compounds and finally examines the various established decomposition modes. The classical picture of the terminal M–H bond is that where the hydrogen atom is orbital and combines with an appropriate metal-fragment hybrid orbital to generate the bonding and antibonding combinations. The chapter also elaborates the paramagnetic hydride complexes, which are thermally sensitive compounds and are unstable toward a…

ParamagnetismTransition metalChemistryHydrideComputational chemistryNormal laboratoryNanotechnologyHydrogen atomAntibonding molecular orbitalDecomposition
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Azo-hydrazo conversion via [1,5]-hydrogen shifts. A combined experimental and theoretical study

2012

Abstract Azoalkenes 6e , 6g , 6h , and 8c underwent an easy azo-hydrazo conversion via a [1,5]-hydrogen shift yielding α,β-unsaturated hydrazones. The isomerization products were characterized through spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. In order to understand the nature of the mechanism of these [1,5]-hydrogen shifts, the transition state structures of the reactions were theoretically studied at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level. Substitution effects in the propenylazo system on the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were analyzed. An electron localization function (ELF) analysis of the electronic structure of the transition state structure associated with the azo-hydrazo conversion of t…

Pericyclic reactionHydrogenChemistryOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectronic structureHydrogen atomKinetic energyBiochemistryTransition stateElectron localization functionComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryIsomerizationTetrahedron
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Intramolecular Interactions in the Triplet Excited States of Benzophenone–Thymine Dyads

2005

Time-resolved and product studies on the synthesized dyads 1 and 2 have provided evidence that the benzophenone-to-thymine orientation strongly influences intramolecular photophysical and photochemical processes. The prevailing reaction mechanism has been established as a Paterno-Büchi cycloaddition to give oxetanes 3-6; however, the ability of benzophenone to achieve a formal hydrogen abstraction from the methyl group of thymidine has also been evidenced by the formation of photoproducts 7 and 8. These processes have been observed only in the case of the cisoid dyad 1. Adiabatic photochemical cycloreversion of the oxetane ring is achieved upon direct photolysis to give the starting dyad 1 …

PhotochemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral ChemistryOxetaneHydrogen atom abstractionPhotochemistryCatalysisCycloadditionBenzophenoneschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEthers CyclicExcited stateIntramolecular forceBenzophenoneTriplet stateThymineThymidineMethyl groupChemistry - A European Journal
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Multichannel Multiphoton Ionization of the Hydrogen Atom by a Chaotic Field: Role of the Polarization

1988

This contribution is concerned with the theory of ionization of atoms by strong laser fields, when ionization channels of different photon multiplicity are simultaneously open. Presently, this process is attracting a lot of attention, from both the experimental and theoretical sides.

PhotonChemistryChaoticHydrogen atomPolarization (waves)LaserMolecular physicslaw.inventionlawIonizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsMultiplicity (chemistry)Atomic physics
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Classical form factor for nlm→n′l′m transitions in the hydrogen atom

2000

Abstract The form factor for nlm → n ′ l ′ m transitions in the hydrogen atom is deduced on the basis of kinematics of the classical mechanics. The consistency of this approach is verified by derivation of the known result for the transition probability averaged over m . The classical transition probability as a function of the final state energy and angular momentum is investigated comprehensively in the case of l = m =0.

PhysicsAngular momentumBasis (linear algebra)Consistency (statistics)Quantum mechanicsRydberg atomForm factor (quantum field theory)General Physics and AstronomyFunction (mathematics)State (functional analysis)Hydrogen atomAtomic physicsPhysics Letters A
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Annihilation Characteristics of Confined 2D Positronium

2012

The 2D Positronium (2D Ps) atom confined in the 2D cave has been considered and its properties were compared with the 3D Positronium located in the infinity square well potential. Basing on the solution of Schrödinger equation for the 2D hydrogen atom the wave function of the 2D Ps was given. It allows us to calculate, for instance the angular correlation of the annihilation radiation (ACAR) of such a system. It was shown that the ACAR is much broad than ACAR for the 3D Ps and that for the Ps in the bubble model.

PhysicsAnnihilationMechanical EngineeringBubbleHydrogen atomCondensed Matter PhysicsSchrödinger equationPositroniumCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeMechanics of MaterialsAtomAnnihilation radiationsymbolsFinite potential wellGeneral Materials SciencePhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsMaterials Science Forum
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Quantum Theory of a Radiating Harmonically Bound Charge

2010

A phenomenological Hamiltonian giving the equation of motion of a non relativistic charges that accelerates and radiates is quantized. The theory is applied to the harmonic oscillator. To derive the decay time the physical parameters entering the calculations are obtained from the theory of the hydrogen atom; the agree- ment of the predicted value with the experiments is striking although the mathematics is very simple.

PhysicsDecay timesymbols.namesakeRadiation dampingQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicssymbolsEquations of motionHydrogen atomHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Harmonic oscillatorJournal of Modern Physics
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Study of the far wing of the Balmer α line of hydrogen perturbed by collisions with protons

2002

The theory of the Balmer α line of atomic hydrogen perturbed by collisions with protons predicts quasi-molecular satellites in the line wing due to H-H+ collisions. Measurements of the spectrum of a laser-produced plasma confirm the existence of the strongest of these features.

PhysicsElectron densityHydrogenchemistry.chemical_elementBalmer seriesHydrogen atomAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineSpectral line shapeIonsymbols.namesakechemistrysymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentLine (formation)The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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Radiative Recombination in a Strong Laser Field

2006

Recent advances of radiative recombination in the presence of strong laser fields are reported. The intense laser radiation is found to introduce new relevant features, among which enhancement and control of the emitted X-ray spectra are the most important. The influence of the plasma medium in which the process generally takes place is considered as well. The results of the recent investigations shed new light on the laser assisted radiative recombination physics and give relevant indications concerning the possibilities to have effective slow electrons and to balance the plasma heating, as needed in important applications.

PhysicsField (physics)positroniumantihydrogen atomsElectronPlasmaRadiationLaserSpectral linelaw.inventionlawAntiprotonSpontaneous emissionAtomic physicsantiprotons
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