Search results for "Hydrogen"
showing 10 items of 4254 documents
Redox and Catalytic Properties of Promoted NiO Catalysts for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane
2017
[EN] NiO and metal-promoted NiO catalysts (M-NiO, with a M/(M+Ni) atomic ratio of 0.08, with M = Nb, Sn, or La) have been prepared, tested in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane, and characterized by means of XRD, TPR, HRTEM, Raman, XPS, and in situ XAS (using H-2/He, air or C2H6/He mixtures). The selectivity to ethylene during the ODH of ethane decreases according to the following trend: Nb NiO Sn NiO > La NiO > NiO, whereas the catalyst reducibility (determined by both TPR and XAS using H-2/He mixtures) shows the opposite trend. However, different reducibility and catalytic behavior in the absence of oxygen (ethane/He mixtures) have been observed, especially when comparing Nb- a…
Support effects on NiO-based catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane
2019
[EN] We report on the effect of NiO-support interactions on the chemical nature of Ni species in a series of supported NiO catalysts for the ODH of ethane. SiO2, TiO2-anatase, a high surface area TiO2 and a porous clay hetero-structure (PCH) with TiO2 and SiO2 pillars were used as supports, which led to a selectivity to ethylene in the range 30-90% over supported NiO catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by means of XRD, N-2-Adsorption, H-2-TPR, XPS and in situ (under H-2 reductive atmosphere) and ex situ XAS spectroscopy. The catalytic performance of supported materials is discussed in terms of their reducibility and specific reduction kinetics, but also taking into account the speci…
Methyl 3,3,6,6-tetramethyl-1,8-dioxo-4,5,7,9-tetrahydro-2H-xanthene-9-carboxylate
2020
The title molecule, C19H24O5, is built by annulation of a half-chair cyclohexenone and a twist-cyclohexenone to a flat 4-H-pyrane boat. In the crystal, molecules are connected via van der Waals interactions and C—H...O hydrogen bonds.
Synthesis of new asymmetric xanthene dyes via catalyst-free SNAr with sulfur nucleophiles
2014
Addition of a single functional handle to the tricyclic moiety of fluorescein results in asymmetric xanthene dyes. Our synthesis of a new class of asymmetric xanthenes proceeds via an unusual SNAr with sulfur nucleophiles on electron rich aromatic xanthenes scaffolds in the absence of a metal catalyst. The resulting 3'-thioethers exhibit high photostability and are conveniently converted into reactive dyes for macromolecule labelling.
Macrocyclic hexaureas: synthesis, conformation, and anion binding.
2009
Varied flexibility: Cyclic oligoureas are formed by using anions as templates. Linking of six xanthene and/or diphenyl ether fragments by urea groups leads to the formation of five macrocyclic compounds with a 48-membered ring with variable flexibility (see picture). Their interaction with anions shows a strong influence of acetate and chloride ions on the cyclization from four precursor molecules. Five macrocylic compounds XXXXXX, XXDXXD, XDXDXD, XDDXDD, and DDDDDD with 48-membered rings, in which six xanthene and/or diphenyl ether fragments are linked through six urea (-NH-C(O)-NH-) groups, have been synthesized. In the cyclization step, a linear diamine was allowed to react with the appr…
Cyclic tetraureas with variable flexibility--synthesis, crystal structures and properties.
2008
Macrocyclic molecules containing several amide or urea functions may serve as anion receptors. We describe the synthesis of 32-membered macrocycles, in which four rigid xanthene units (X) and/or diphenyl ether units (D) as flexible analogues are linked via urea groups. All six possible combinations of these units (XXXX, XXXD, XXDD, XDXD, XDDD and DDDD) were synthesized and two examples were characterised by single-crystal X-ray analyses (DDDD and two structures for XXXD). Both macrocycles showed distinct differences in their overall conformation and consequently in their hydrogen-bonding pattern. Hydrogen-bonded solvent molecules are found for both compounds and intramolecular hydrogen bond…
2,7-Di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(4-tritylanilinocarbonyl)-9H-xanthene methanol trisolvate monohydrate
2006
The title compound, C75H68N2O3·3CH3OH·H2O, was synthesized starting from the corresponding acid and p-tritylaniline. Single crystals were obtained from a methanol solution as a solvate, with three methanol molecules and one water molecule. The solid-state structure proves the existence of an intramolecular bifurcated hydrogen bond between one amide H atom and the carbonyl and xanthene O atoms. The packing is stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
Mass spectrometric study of oligourea macrocycles and their anion binding behavior
2009
Two series, one of tris-urea macrocycles and another of hexakis-urea macrocycles, are examined by (tandem) Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry with respect to their fragmentation patterns and anion binding properties. All macrocycles are based on two different building blocks, one of which is a very rigid xanthene unit and the other one is a more flexible diphenyl ether. The composition and the sequence of these units thus determine their flexibility. During the fragmentation of deprotonated oligourea macrocycles in the gas phase, one urea N-CO bond is cleaved followed by a scrambling reaction within the macrocycle structure. Consequently, fragments are obser…
1-(3′,6′-Dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-5-yl)-3-[4-({4-[1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl]pyridin-2-yl}amino)phenyl]thiourea …
2016
The title compound, which crystallized as a methanol monosolvate, C41H27FN6O5S·CH3OH, was synthesized as a probe for a fluorescence polarization-based competition binding assay. The isobenzofuran fused-ring system is close to planar and orientated almost perpendicular to the central ring of the xanthene system. The dihedral angle between the benzene rings of the xanthene system is 10.0 (2)°, indicating a butterfly-like orientation. A short intramolecular C—F...π contact [F...π = 3.100 (4) Å and C—F...π = 139.9 (3)°] to the six-membered ring of the isobenzofuran system may influence the molecular conformation. The methanol solvent molecule is disordered over two orientations in a 0.6:0.4 rat…
Induction of mitochondrial xanthine oxidase activity during apoptosis in the rat mammary gland
2006
Oxidative stress is an important signal for apoptosis to start. So far the mitochondrial respiratory chain has been considered as the major, if not the only, cause of such stress. Here we report that this is not the case. Xanthine oxidase, a O2(-) and H2O2 generating enzyme which is important in causing significant oxidative stress in the cytosol, is also present in the mitochondrial fraction of rat mammary gland. After weaning, during the involution of the mammary gland, massive apoptosis occurs. Mitochondrial xanthine oxidase activity increases and high mitochondrial H2O2 production takes place. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity by allopurinol, a specific inhibitor of xanthine oxida…