Search results for "Hyperalgesia"
showing 10 items of 78 documents
Identification of Subgroups of Women with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome with Central Sensitization.
2016
Identification of subjects with different sensitization mechanisms can help to identify better therapeutic strategies for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The aim of the current study was to identify subgroups of women with CTS with different levels of sensitization.A total of 223 women with CTS were recruited. Self-reported variables included pain intensity, function, disability, and depression. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were assessed bilaterally over median, ulnar, and radial nerves, C5-C6 joint, carpal tunnel, and tibialis anterior to assess widespread pressure pain hyperalgesia. Heat (HPT) and cold (CPT) pain thresholds were also bilaterally assessed over the carpal tunnel and the the…
Pain perception in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies
2017
While hyperalgesia (increased pain sensitivity) has been suggested to contribute to the increased prevalence of clinical pain in Parkinson's disease (PD), experimental research is equivocal and mechanisms are poorly understood. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing PD patients to healthy controls (HCs) in their response to experimental pain stimuli. Articles were acquired through systematic searches of major databases from inception until 10/2016. Twenty-six studies met inclusion criteria, comprising 1292 participants (PD = 739, HCs = 553). Random effects meta-analysis of standardized mean differences (SMD) revealed lower pain threshold (indicating hyperalgesia) in PD patients d…
Methylprednisolone prevents nerve injury-induced hyperalgesia in neprilysin knockout mice.
2013
The pathophysiology of the complex regional pain syndrome involves enhanced neurogenic inflammation mediated by neuropeptides. Neutral endopeptidase (neprilysin, NEP) is a key enzyme in neuropeptide catabolism. Our previous work revealed that NEP knock out (ko) mice develop more severe hypersensitivity to thermal and mechanical stimuli after chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve than wild-type (wt) mice. Because treatment with glucocorticoids is effective in early complex regional pain syndrome, we investigated whether methylprednisolone (MP) reduces pain and sciatic nerve neuropeptide content in NEP ko and wt mice with nerve injury. After CCI, NEP ko mice developed more se…
Chapter 1 Pain and hyperalgesia: definitions and theories
2006
Publisher Summary This chapter describes pain as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. It reflects the first-person perspective of pain: “pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience.” “Nociception” is a term that may more adequately reflect these aspects of pain sensation. The chapter reviews that the adequate stimulus to activate the receptive organs of the nociceptive system consists of either actual or potential tissue damage. But not all noxious stimuli are detected by the nociceptive system. Therefore, the adequate stimulus for this system in the strict sense is that subset of noxious stimuli that can be encoded by …
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of a novel inhibitor of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 expression
2009
Abstract In a previous study, we reported a new γ-hydroxybutenolide derivative, 4-benzo[ b ]thiophen-2-yl-3-bromo-5-hydroxy-5 H -furan-2-one (BTH), as inhibitor of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) expression in lypopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 and TPH-1 cells, without affecting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). In this study, we evaluated the in vivo effect of BTH on some acute and chronic inflammatory animal models in relation to its inhibitory profile on mPGES-1 expression. In the zymosan-induced mouse air pouch model, BTH produced a dose-dependent inhibition of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) production and mPGES-1 protein expression in pouch exudates without any effect on…
Central pain processing in patients with shoulder pain : a review of the literature
2017
Background Shoulder pain is a common health problem in which changes in shoulder structure cannot always explain the patient's perceived pain. Central sensitization (CS) might play a role in a subgroup of these patients. Methods The literature was systematically reviewed to address the role of CS in patients with shoulder pain. Electronic databases PubMed and Web of Knowledge were searched for relevant studies. Results Eighteen full-text articles were included, methodological quality was scored, and information was extracted. Studies were clustered on those studying patients with musculoskeletal (MSK) shoulder pain and those studying patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP). In particul…
Complex regional pain syndrome–up-to-date
2017
The pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndromes includes inflammation and central reorganisation. The treatment should be adjusted to the prevailing pathophysiology including possible psychosocial factors.
Multiple mechanisms of secondary hyperalgesia
2000
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the multiple mechanisms of secondary hyperalgesia. The chapter defines the minimal conditions of complexity that must be fulfilled by a model of plasticity of spinal nociceptive transmission in order to explain clinical and psychophysical observations in humans. Secondary hyperalgesia is characterized by a leftward shift of the stimulus-response function for noxious mechanical stimuli. In order to define the afferent pathways involved in inducing central sensitization and in mediating the hyperalgesia to noxious mechanical stimuli, several psychophysical experiments using selective nerve block techniques is performed. Secondary hyperalgesia is likely…
Brain processing during mechanical hyperalgesia in complex regional pain syndrome: a functional MRI study.
2005
Complex Regional Pain Syndromes (CRPS) are characterized by a triad of sensory, motor and autonomic dysfunctions of still unknown origin. Pain and mechanical hyperalgesia are hallmarks of CRPS. There are several lines of evidence that central nervous system (CNS) changes are crucial for the development and maintenance of mechanical hyperalgesia. However, little is known about the cortical structures associated with the processing of hyperalgesia in pain patients. This study describes the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to delineate brain activations during pin-prick hyperalgesia in CRPS. Twelve patients, in whom previous quantitative sensory testing revealed the presence…
Antihyperalgesic and analgesic properties of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist neramexane in a human surrogate model of neurogenic …
2006
Abstract NMDA-receptors are a major target in the prevention and treatment of hyperalgesic pain states in neuropathic pain. However, previous studies revealed equivocal results depending on study design and efficacy parameters. We tested the analgesic (generalized reduction of generation and processing of nociceptive signalling) and anti-hyperalgesic (prevention of central sensitization) properties of the NMDA-receptor antagonist neramexane and the potassium channel opener flupirtine in the intradermal capsaicin injection model. Furthermore, we tested the effect on pain summation (wind up). Eighteen healthy subjects received either a single dose of neramexane (40 mg p.o.), flupirtine (100 m…