Search results for "Hypertensive"
showing 10 items of 250 documents
Modulation of adrenergic contraction of dog pulmonary arteries by nitric oxide and prostacyclin.
1999
Abstract The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of endothelium-derived nitric oxide and prostaglandins on the contractile responses of isolated dog pulmonary arteries to electrical field stimulation and noradrenaline. Electrical field stimulation (1–8 Hz, 20 v, 0.25 ms duration, for 30 s) produced frequency-dependent contractions that were abolished by tetrodotoxin, guanethidine and, prazosin (all at 10−6 M). Noradrenaline induced concentration-dependent contractions with an EC50 of 1.85 × 10−6 M. The increases in tension induced by electrical stimulation and noradrenaline were of greater magnitude in arteries denuded of endothelium. In segments with endothelium, NG-nitro- l …
Contribution of endothelin receptors and cyclooxygenase-derivatives to the altered response of the rabbit renal artery to endothelin-1 in diabetes
2006
Abstract The influence of diabetes on regulatory mechanisms and specific receptors implicated in the response of isolated rabbit renal artery to endothelin-1 was examined. Endothelin-1 induced a concentration-dependent contraction that was less potent in arteries from diabetic rabbits than in arteries from control rabbits. Endothelium removal or NG-nitro- l -arginine (L-NOARG) enhanced contractions to endothelin-1 either in control and diabetic arteries. Indomethacin inhibited endothelin-1-induced response in control arteries, but enhanced it in diabetic arteries. In contrast to that observed in rubbed and in L-NOARG treated arteries, in the presence of indomethacin the contractile action o…
Interplay of cardiac remodelling and myocardial stiffness in hypertensive heart disease: a shear wave imaging study using high-frame rate echocardiog…
2019
Abstract Aims To determine myocardial stiffness by means of measuring the velocity of naturally occurring myocardial shear waves (SWs) at mitral valve closure (MVC) and investigate their changes with myocardial remodelling in patients with hypertensive heart disease. Methods and results Thirty-three treated arterial hypertension (HT) patients with hypertrophic left ventricular (LV) remodelling (59 ± 14 years, 55% male) and 26 aged matched healthy controls (55±15 years, 77% male) were included. HT patients were further divided into a concentric remodelling (HT1) group (13 patients) and a concentric hypertrophy (HT2) group (20 patients). LV parasternal long-axis views were acquired with an ex…
Myocardial Mass Corrected CMR Feature Tracking-Based Strain Ratios are Different in Pathologies With Increased Myocardial Mass
2020
Acute myocarditis (AM) and hypertensive heart disease (HHD) have different pathophysiological backgrounds, thus potentially showing distinct patterns of altered myocardial deformation. Therefore, CMR left ventricular (LV) feature tracking (FT)- based strain parameters were indexed to myocardial mass index (LVMi) in order to evaluate potential additional value in the differentiation among AM, HHD, and healthy volunteers (HV) compared to non-indexed conventional strain.Patients with AM (n = 43) and HHD (n = 28) underwent CMR at 3T. 61 HV served as controls. Cine imaging-based FT-strain analysis was performed and natural strain (nStrain) values were evaluated for gender and age specific differ…
Comparative Study of the Efficacy of Olmesartan/Amlodipine vs. Perindopril/Amlodipine in Peripheral and Central Blood Pressure Parameters After Misse…
2016
Background Central aortic blood pressure (CBP) and CBP-derived parameters are independent predictors of cardiovascular risk. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors plus calcium channel blockers are the recommended first-line treatments in hypertensive diabetic patients; however, the effect in reducing CBP when a dose is skipped has not been established yet. The aim was to determine whether the fixed-dose combination of olmesartan/amlodipine (OLM/AML) provides equal efficacy and safety as the perindopril/AML (PER/AML) combination in reducing CBP, augmentation index (AIx), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) when a drug dose is missed. Methods In this no…
Synergistic platelet antiaggregatory effects of the adenylate cyclase activator iloprost and the guanylate cyclase activating agent SIN-1 in vivo
1993
The aim of our study was to evaluate the platelet antiaggregatory and hemodynamic effects of the stable prostacyclin analog iloprost and the NO-donor SIN-1, an active metabolite of molsidomine. The number of circulating platelets was determined in anesthetized male Wistar rats as a measure of in vivo platelet aggregation. Platelet count decreased from 648 +/- 25 to 476 +/- 15 x 10(3) platelets/microliter and from 578 +/- 36 to 411 +/- 40 (mean +/- SEM) in response to two repetitive injections of collagen (70 micrograms/kg body weight). Treatment with SIN-1 bolus injections (0.3 or 1 mg/kg bw) and/or continuous i.v. infusion of iloprost (0.2 or 0.4 micrograms/kg bw/min) was initiated 15 min …
Improving Knowledge of Arterial Resistant Hypertension: What Is Relevant?
2013
Resistant hypertension, also known as refractory hypertension in the literature, is a relatively common disease that is associated with elevated cardiovascular and renal risk. Clinical trials suggest that its prevalence is around 35% in hypertensive patients with a baseline blood pressure (BP) > 160/100 mmHg. However, data obtained from registries or from the physician’s office suggest that its prevalence is around 12%. The recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey suggests a similar prevalence of 12.3% in diagnosed and treated hypertensive patients. An incidence study conducted at Kaiser Permanente Colorado and Kaiser Permanente Northern California followed up more than 200 0…
Endothelin-1-induced potentiation of adrenergic responses in the rabbit pulmonary artery: role of thromboxane A(2).
2001
Abstract To examine whether low concentrations of endothelin-1 potentiate the vasocontrictor response to adrenergic stimulation, we recorded the isometric response of rings of rabbit pulmonary artery to electrical stimulation and noradrenaline. Endothelin-1 (10 −10 M) potentiated the contractions induced by electrical stimulation and noradrenaline. The endothelin ET B receptor antagonist (2,6-dimethylpiperidinecarbonyl-γ-methyl-Leu- N in -[Methoxycarbonyl]- d -Trp- d -Nle) (BQ-788, 10 −6 M), but not the endothelin ET A receptor antagonist cyclo( d -Asp-Pro- d -Val-Leu- d -TRP) (BQ-123, 10 −6 M), inhibited the potentiating effects of endothelin-1. Pretreatment with the cyclooxygenase inhibit…
Brinzolamide/brimonidine fixed-dose combination bid as an adjunct to a prostaglandin analog for open-angle glaucoma/ocular hypertension.
2019
Purpose: To evaluate the additive intraocular pressure–lowering effect of twice-daily brinzolamide 1%/brimonidine 0.2% fixed-dose combination (BBFC) as an adjunct to a prostaglandin analog (PGA) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension insufficiently controlled with PGA monotherapy. Methods: In this Phase 4, double-masked trial, patients aged ⩾18 years, with a mean intraocular pressure of ⩾19 and <32 mm Hg in at least one eye were randomized (1:1) to receive BBFC + PGA ( n = 96) or vehicle + PGA ( n = 92) for 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was the mean change in diurnal intraocular pressure from baseline (averaged over 09:00 and 11:00 h) at Week 6. Results: The mean diu…
Clinical Inertia in Poorly Controlled Elderly Hypertensive Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Spanish Physicians to Ascertain Reasons for Not Inten…
2013
Clinical inertia, the failure of physicians to initiate or intensify therapy when indicated, is a major problem in the management of hypertension and may be more prevalent in elderly patients. Overcoming clinical inertia requires understanding its causes and evaluating certain factors, particularly those related to physicians.The objective of our study was to determine the rate of clinical inertia and the physician-reported reasons for it.An observational, cross-sectional, multi-center study was carried out in a primary care setting. We included 512 physicians, with a consecutive sampling of 1,499 hypertensive patients with clinical inertia.Clinical inertia was defined when physicians did n…