Search results for "IBA"

Neurobiological aspects of shamanism and sacrifice

2009

According to Winkelman, humans skilled in “soul yourneys” are termed as “shamans”: they are religious practitioners found in foraging societies around the world with antiquity at least as far back as the Middle/Upper Paleolithic transition. Shamans are able to enter into an “ecstatic” state of consciousness that is produced by drumming, chanting, dancing and a variety of other procedures including plant drugs. Altered states of consciousness must be understood in relation to biological capacities, as those related to endogenous neurotransmitters which also have external analogues, such as opioids/opiates and serotonin–like analogues. Recent findings in neurobiological studies support the ro…

Serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in relation to periodontal status and geographic origin of individuals-a review of the literature

2014

Objectives: Several studies have focused on the relationship among serotype distribution, ethnical status and geo - graphic populations, and periodontal conditions. Studies that have investigated the prevalence and the distribution of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes and the relation between the different serotypes of the bacterium and periodontal status were reviewed. Material and Methods: A systematic literature search for publications regarding the distribution of A. actinomyc - etemcomitans serotypes in subgingival samples of periodontitis patients and periodontally healthy subjects by employing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted. Results: From the 85 studies identified in …

Chemical composition of the essential oil of Moluccella spinosa L. (Lamiaceae) collected wild in Sicily and its activity on microorganisms affecting …

2015

In this study the chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of Moluccella spinosa L. collected in Sicily was evaluated by GC and GC-MS. The main components of M. spinosa L. were α-pinene (26.6%), caryophyllene oxide (16.8%) and β-caryophyllene (8.6%). A comparison with other studied oils of genus Moluccella is made. Antibacterial and antifungal activities against some microorganisms infesting historical textiles were also determined.

Chemical composition of the essential oils of Centaurea tomentella Hand.-Mazz. and C. haussknechtii Boiss. (Asteraceae) collected wild in Turkey and …

2018

In the present study the chemical composition of the essential oils from aerial parts of Centaurea tomentella Hand.-Mazz. and C. haussknechtii Boiss. collected in Turkey was evaluated by GC and GC-MS. The main components of C. tomentella L. were hexadecanoic acid (19.7%), caryophyllene oxide (6.6%) and spathulenol (4.8%) whereas C. haussknechtii was rich in hexadecanoic acid (26.2%), (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (19.3%), heptacosane (5.3%) and nonacosane (5.1%). Antibacterial and antifungal activities against some microorganisms infesting historical art craft, were also determined.

Artificial neural network applied to the discrimination of antibacterial activity by topological methods

2000

Abstract A new topological method that makes it possible to discriminate the active and inactive molecules on the basis of their chemical structures is applied in the present study to the antibacterial agents. This method uses neural networks in which training algorithms are used as well as different concepts and methods of artificial intelligence with a suitable set of topological descriptors. It is possible to obtain a QSAR interpretation of the information contained in the network after the training has been carried out.

Antibacterial activity and chemical characterization of almond (Prunus dulcis L.) peel extract

2022

In this study, almond skin of Prunus dulcis L. variety Casteltermini was characterised for its chemical composition and for the inhibitory activity towards food associated microorganisms belonging to pathogenic (Salmonella Enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytgenes), spoilage (Pseudomonas poae and Brochotrix thermospacta) and useful (Levilactobacillus brevis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) groups. The n-hexane extract of P. dulcis skin, investigated by GC–MS, evidenced linoleic, palmitic, and oleic acids as the main abundant compounds. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33862 growth was strongly limited by n-hexane extract and the minimum inhibition concentration (…

Antibacterial activity of Borago officinalis and Brassica juncea aqueous extracts evaluated in vitro and in situ using different food model systems

2014

The present study was undertaken to characterize the antibacterial activity of the aqueous extracts (AEs) obtained from the leaves of Borago officinalis L. and Brassica juncea L. The antagonistic activity was evaluated against several bacteria (42 strains of Listeria monocytogenes, 35 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 38 strains of Enterobacter spp. and 18 strains of Salmonella enterica) commonly associated with foodborne diseases by paper disc diffusion method. The susceptibility to the plant extracts was strain specific. Thirty-five strains (7 L. monocytogenes, 11 S. aureus, 1 S. Enteritidis, 1 S. Veneziana, 7 Enterobacter hormaechei, 5 Enterobacter cloacae, 1 Enterobacter sakazakii and 2…

Caratterizzazione e valorizzazione di Borago officinalis L. come specie da orto

2014

Bioactive compounds from brown algae inhabiting the north-western Mediterranean Sea

2021

Marine algae produce a great amount of secondary metabolites (e.g. terpenoids, fatty acids, steroids, polysaccharides and polyphenols) to face environmental stressors they are exposed to, but also to defend themselves from biological pressures such as competitors, pathogens, grazers and epiphytes. Over the last decade, secondary metabolites isolated from brown algae and phenolic compounds, in particular, are receiving increasing attention due to their putative ecological roles, and several biological properties. Brown fucoid algae of the genus Cystoseira sensu latu (Sargassaceae) and Dictyotaceae produce a wide variety of secondary metabolites which have been investigated mainly for their d…

Discovery of plants and fungi with antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes

2016

Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder that affects >85% of teenagers. Propionibacterium acnes is implicated in its pathogenesis, and like many other bacteria, is subject to emerging trends in antibiotic resistance. Novel therapies are in high demand. The aim of this study was to identify new leads for future pre-clinical development from herbal skin remedies used in Italy. We screened a unique natural product library composed of extracts from medicinal and randomly collected plants and fungi from the Mediterranean for growth-inhibitory and anti-biofilm activity in P. acnes. Evaluation of 157 extracts from 10 fungi and 58 plants led to the identification of crude extracts from seven specie…