Search results for "ICAD"

showing 10 items of 1297 documents

Fractal square zone plates

2013

[EN] In this paper we present a novel family of zone plates with a fractal distribution of square zones. The focusing properties of these fractal diffractive lenses coined fractal square zone plates are analytically studied and the influence of the fractality is investigated. It is shown that under monochromatic illumination a fractal square zone plate gives rise a focal volume containing a delimited sequence of two-arms-cross pattern that are axially distributed according to the self-similarity of the lens.

PhysicsFocal volumebusiness.industryDiffractive lensZone plateAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSquare (algebra)Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionLens (optics)Zone platesFractalsDistribution (mathematics)OpticsFractallawFISICA APLICADAMonochromatic colorElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMATEMATICA APLICADAbusinessAxial symmetryDiffractionOptics Communications
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Algebraic Quantization, Good Operators and Fractional Quantum Numbers

1995

The problems arising when quantizing systems with periodic boundary conditions are analysed, in an algebraic (group-) quantization scheme, and the ``failure" of the Ehrenfest theorem is clarified in terms of the already defined notion of {\it good} (and {\it bad}) operators. The analysis of ``constrained" Heisenberg-Weyl groups according to this quantization scheme reveals the possibility for new quantum (fractional) numbers extending those allowed for Chern classes in traditional Geometric Quantization. This study is illustrated with the examples of the free particle on the circumference and the charged particle in a homogeneous magnetic field on the torus, both examples featuring ``anomal…

PhysicsGeometric quantizationHigh Energy Physics - TheoryFree particleQuantization (signal processing)FOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMatemática Aplicada81S1081R99Ehrenfest theoremQuantum number58F06High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Fractional quantum Hall effectCuantización algebraicaCuántica de números fraccionadosAlgebraic numberQuantumMathematical PhysicsMathematical physics
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Generalized Conformal Symmetry and Extended Objects from the Free Particle

1998

The algebra of linear and quadratic functions of basic observables on the phase space of either the free particle or the harmonic oscillator possesses a finite-dimensional anomaly. The quantization of these systems outside the critical values of the anomaly leads to a new degree of freedom which shares its internal character with spin, but nevertheless features an infinite number of different states. Both are associated with the transformation properties of wave functions under the Weyl-symplectic group $WSp(6,\Re)$. The physical meaning of this new degree of freedom can be established, with a major scope, only by analysing the quantization of an infinite-dimensional algebra of diffeomorphi…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsFree particleFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsObservableEconomía AplicadaQuadratic functionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsQuantization (physics)Theoretical physicsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Conformal symmetryAnomalíasPhase spaceWave functionCuantización de sistemasHarmonic oscillator
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Double pion photoproduction on the nucleon: study of the isospin channels

1995

A model for the gamma p ----> pion+ pion- p reaction developed earlier is extended to account for all isospin channels. The model includes N, Delta(1232), N^*(1440) and N^*(1520) as intermediate baryonic states and the rho-meson as an intermediate two pion resonance. Although many terms contribute to the cross section, some channels exhibit particular sensitivity to certain mechanisms of resonance excitation or decay and the reactions provide novel information on such mechanisms. In particular the gamma N ----> N^*(1520) ----> Delta(1232) pion process affects all the channels and is a key ingredient in the interpretation of the data. Comparison is made with all available data and t…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsTwo-pion productionNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaPion productionResonance (particle physics)N*(1520) excitationBaryonResonance excitationHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)PionFISICA APLICADAIsospinNuclear ExperimentNucleonNuclear Physics A
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Virtual versus real nuclear Compton scattering in the Delta(1232) region

1996

[EN] In this paper we calculate the cross section for Virtual Compton Scattering off nuclei in the delta resonance region. We also calculate the background for the process from Coherent Bremsstrahlung in nuclei and explore the regions where the Virtual Compton Scattering cross section dominates. The study also shows that it is possible to extract the cross section for Real Compton Scattering from the Virtual Compton one in a wide range of scattering angles.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Nuclear TheoryScatteringAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaBremsstrahlungCompton scatteringFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaDelta resonanceReal Compton Scattering in nucleiResonance (particle physics)Nuclear physicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Cross section (physics)Coherent Bremsstrahlung in nucleiFISICA APLICADAVirtual Compton Scattering in nuclei
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Detector blockbased on arrays of 144 SiPMs and monolithic scintillators: A performane study

2015

[EN] We have developed a detector block composed by a monolithic LYSO scintillator coupled to a custom made 12 12 SiPMs array. The design is mainly focused to applications such as Positron Emission Tomography. The readout electronics is based on 3 identical and scalable Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC). We have determined the main performance of the detector block namely spatial, energy, and time resolution but also the system capability to determine the photon depth of interaction, for different crystal surface treatments. Intrinsic detector spatial resolution values as good as 1.7 mm FWHM and energies of 15% for black painted crystals were measured. & 2014 Elsevier B.V. All…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicsmedicine.medical_specialtyPhotonPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryASICDetectorSilicon photomultipliersScintillatorScintillator crystalFull width at half maximumSilicon photomultiplierApplication-specific integrated circuitmedicineOptoelectronicsMedical physicsbusinessMATEMATICA APLICADAInstrumentationImage resolutionPositron Emission TomographyBlock (data storage)
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Transparent Boundary Condition for Oseen-Frank Model. Application for NLC Cells With Patterned Electrodes

2015

In the present work a novel application of Transparent Boundary Conditions (TBC) to nematic liquid crystal cells (NLCC) with planar alignment and a patterned electrode is studied. This device is attracting great interest since it allows soliton steering by optically and externally induced waveguides. We employ the continuum Oseen-Frank theory to find the tilt and twist angle distributions in the cell under the one-constant approximation. The electric field distribution takes into account the whole 2D permittivity tensor for the transverse coordinates. Standard finite difference time domain methods together with an iterative method is applied to find an approximate solution to our coupled pr…

PhysicsPermittivityHistorySPATIAL SOLITONSIterative methodCONSTANTSWAVESFinite-difference time-domain methodSoliton (optics)Computer Science ApplicationsEducationClassical mechanicsPlanarLIGHTLiquid crystalDIRECTORElectric fieldSIMULATIONSCHRODINGER-EQUATIONBoundary value problemNEMATIC LIQUID-CRYSTALSMATEMATICA APLICADA
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Abundances of Be Stars in Very Young Open Clusters

2000

The Be Phenomenon in Early-Type Stars, IAU Colloquium 175, ASP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 214, edited by Myron A. Smith and Huib F. Henrichs. Astronomical Society of the Pacific, ISBN 1-58381-045-5, 2000, p.59 We present here standard uvbyβ CCD photometry for five open clusters of the Galaxy in order to determine abundances of Be stars, as a function of age.

PhysicsPhotometryPhotometry (astronomy)StarsStar clusterBe starsFísica AplicadaAstronomyYoung open clustersBlue stragglerGalaxy clusterOpen clusterAstronomía y Astrofísica
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Converting external potential fluctuations into nonzero time-average electric currents using a single nanopore

2015

The possibility of taking advantage of a fluctuating environment for energy and information transduction is a significant challenge in biological and artificial nanostructures. We demonstrate here directional electrical transduction from fluctuating external signals using a single nanopore of conical shape immersed in an ionic aqueous solution. To this end, we characterize experimentally the average output currents obtained by the electrical rectification of zero time-average input potentials. The transformation of external potential fluctuations into nonzero time-average responses using a single nanopore in liquid state is of fundamental significance for biology and nanophysics. This energ…

PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)CellsRectificationNanotechnologyConical surfaceElectrolyteNanoporeTransductionMembraneNanofluidic diodeRectificationChemical physicsIon channelsFISICA APLICADAIonic conductivityElectric currentScaling
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A computer-assisted experiment to study the influence of the point spread function in the image formation process

2018

[EN] We present a new open experimental setup assisted with LabView to be used to teach the concept of the point spread function (PSF). The PSF describes the response of an image-forming system to a point object. The PSF concept is of fundamental importance in optics since the output of an image-forming system can be simulated as the convolution of the PSF with the input object. In this work, a new graphical user interface has been developed to obtain a real-time measure of the PSF and the corresponding images provided by different lenses and pupils with different sizes and shapes. From a didactical point of view, the proposed method allows students to interpret the results in a visual and …

PhysicsPoint spread functionImage formation05 social sciencesProcess (computing)ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION050301 educationGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences010309 opticsImage formationComputer graphics (images)FISICA APLICADA0103 physical sciencesGUIMATEMATICA APLICADA0503 educationPSF
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