Search results for "IIP"

An experimental heat wave changes immune defense and life history traits in a freshwater snail

2013

The predicted increase in frequency and severity of heat waves due to climate change is expected to alter disease dynamics by reducing hosts' ability to resist infections. This could take place via two different mechanisms: (1) through general reduction in hosts' performance under harsh environmental conditions and/or (2) through altered resource allocation that reduces expression of defense traits in order to maintain other traits. We tested these alternative hypotheses by measuring the effect of an experimental heat wave (25 vs. 15°C) on the constitutive level of immune defense (hemocyte concentration, phenoloxidase [PO]‐like activity, antibacterial activity of hemolymph), and life histor…

Direct and transgenerational effects of an experimental heatwave on early life stages in a freshwater snail

2019

1. Global climate change imposes a serious threat to natural populations of many species. Estimates of the effects of climate change‐mediated environmental stresses are, however, often based only on their direct effects on organisms, and neglect the potential transgenerational (e.g. maternal) effects. 2. We tested whether high temperature (i.e. an experimental heatwave), which is known to reduce the performance of adult Lymnaea stagnalis snails, affects the produced offspring (eggs and hatchlings) through maternal effects, and how strong these effects are compared with the effects of direct exposure of offspring to high temperature. We examined the effect of maternal thermal environment (15…

Tiedonarkeologisia pohdintoja Viipurin vuoden 1918 haudatuista muistoista

2021

The subject of the article is the ‘memory war’ over the memory of the Civil War of 1918 in Vyborg, and the displaced Karelians’ experience in the time of diaspora. Until the wars of 1939–1945 the culture of remembrance of the Civil War was divided in Vyborg and in Finland and many truths of the war were maintained in the Red’s and White’s own groups. The article details how the dichotomous history culture of Civil War memories has slowly transformed into a diversified and critical analysis over the past one hundred years. The qualitative material used in the article consists of memory data written by displaced Karelians held in Finnish archives. The article is a knowledge-archaeological ana…

Viipurin poliittiset jännitteet : tapahtumia ja historiografiaa

2019

Constraints representing a meta-stable régime facilitate exploration during practice and transfer of learning in a complex multi-articular task

2018

Previous investigations have shown that inducing meta-stability\ud in behavior can be achieved by overlapping affordances through constraint\ud manipulation, allowing cooperative and competitive tendencies to\ud functionally coexist. The purpose of this paper was to test a number of\ud conditions applying these design principles on performance during skills\ud practice and transfer. Of additional interest, was whether the existing\ud skill level interacted with the environmental properties of the\ud experimental tasks (varying indoor climbing routes). Two skill groups\ud practised on three routes per session over four separate sessions. At the\ud end of the final session, climbers undertook…

Suomalaisessa siipikarjassa ja tarhariistalinnuissa todettujen Brachyspira-suvun bakteereiden karakterisointia

2006

Using change trajectories to study the impacts of multi-annual habitat loss on fledgling production in an old forest specialist bird

2017

The loss and subdivision of habitat into smaller and more spatially isolated units due to human actions has been shown to adversely affect species worldwide. We examined how changes in old forest cover during eight years were associated with the cumulative number of fledged offspring at the end of study period in Eurasian treecreepers (Certhia familiaris) in Central Finland. We were specifically interested in whether the initial level of old forest cover moderated this relation. We applied a flexible and powerful approach, latent growth curve modelling in a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework, to create trajectories describing changes in old forest cover through time, and studied h…

Aikariippuvan Diracin yhtälön numeerisesta ratkaisemisesta

2017

Tässä opinnäytetyössä tarkastellaan Diracin yhtälön numeerista ratkaisemista sekä tähän liittyviä haasteita. Diracin yhtälö on keskeinen kvanttifysiikan ilmiöitä kuvaava yhtälö, jonka ratkaisemiseen on esitetty kirjallisuudessa useita erilaisia menetelmiä. Tässä opinnäytetyössä keskitytään tarkastelemaan menetelmää, jossa yhtälön ratkaisemiseen sovelletaan operaattorinjakoa ja karakteristista menetelmää. Yhtälön ratkaiseminen vaatii paljon aikaa ja laskentaresursseja, joten laskennan tehostaminen rinnakkaislaskennan keinoin on välttämätöntä. In this paper the numerical solution of the Dirac equation is studied along with its challenges. The Dirac equation is a central equation describing th…

Asymptotic and bootstrap tests for subspace dimension

2022

Most linear dimension reduction methods proposed in the literature can be formulated using an appropriate pair of scatter matrices, see e.g. Ye and Weiss (2003), Tyler et al. (2009), Bura and Yang (2011), Liski et al. (2014) and Luo and Li (2016). The eigen-decomposition of one scatter matrix with respect to another is then often used to determine the dimension of the signal subspace and to separate signal and noise parts of the data. Three popular dimension reduction methods, namely principal component analysis (PCA), fourth order blind identification (FOBI) and sliced inverse regression (SIR) are considered in detail and the first two moments of subsets of the eigenvalues are used to test…

A matter of perspective : the cognitive style Field Independence - dependence, and why it matters

2016

Psykologi Herman Witkin aloitti vuonna 1948 kognitiivista ajattelutapaa tutkivan suuntauksen, jossa ihmiset jaettiin kahteen ryhmään: kenttäriippuvaisiin ja kenttäriippumattomiin. Kenttäriippumattomuutta ja -riippuvaisuutta on tutkittu aina 2010 luvulle saakka. Kansainvälisiä tutkimustuloksia löytyy aiheeseen liittyen runsaastikin, mutta Suomessa aihetta ei ole juurikaan tutkittu soveltavan kielitieteen näkökulmasta. Tutkimukset kenttäriippuvaisuudesta ja -riippumattomuudesta antavat viitteitä siihen, että tällä kognitiivisen ajattelun mallilla saattaa olla suurikin vaikutus oppilaiden oppimismenestykseen. Kenttäriippumattomat oppilaat ovat aiempien tutkimusten mukaan itsenäisempiä, havaits…