Search results for "INCIDENCE"

showing 10 items of 2270 documents

Preventive strategies and factors associated with surgically treated necrotising enterocolitis in extremely preterm infants: an international unit su…

2019

ObjectivesTo compare necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) prevention practices and NEC associated factors between units from eight countries of the International Network for Evaluation of Outcomes of Neonates, and to assess their association with surgical NEC rates.DesignProspective unit-level survey combined with retrospective cohort study.SettingNeonatal intensive care units in Australia/New Zealand, Canada, Finland, Israel, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Tuscany (Italy).PatientsExtremely preterm infants born between 240to 286weeks’ gestation, with birth weights<1500 g, and admitted between 2014–2015.ExposuresNEC prevention practices (probiotics, feeding, donor milk) using responses of an o…

Data AnalysisMalePediatricsInternationalityDatabases FactualInfant Premature Diseases2700 General Medicinepaediatric gastroenterologyCohort Studiesperinatology0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsCause of DeathSurveys and QuestionnairesHospital Mortality1506030212 general & internal medicineOriginal ResearchIncidence (epidemiology)General MedicinePrognosis3. Good healthPrimary PreventionTreatment OutcomeInfant Extremely PrematureCohortGestationFemale1719Cohort studymedicine.medical_specialty610 Medicine & healthneonatologySepsis03 medical and health sciencesEnterocolitis NecrotizingIntensive Care Units Neonatal030225 pediatricsIntensive caremedicineHumansNeonatologyRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryProbioticsInfant NewbornPaediatricsRetrospective cohort studymedicine.disease10027 Clinic for NeonatologySurvival Analysisdigestive system diseasesbusiness
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Smoking ban in public places and myocardial infarction hospitalizations in high cardiovascular risk European country – insights from the Polish natio…

2019

Introduction Previous studies demonstrated a possible positive effect of a smoking ban in public places on cardiovascular outcomes. However, little is known about the influence of such regulations in Poland, a country with a high cardiovascular risk. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the association of hospitalization rates for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Poland before and after the introduction of the smoking ban in public places in November 2010. Patients and methods The Nationwide Acute Myocardial Infarction Database (AMI‑PL) was searched for the cases of AMI that occurred between 2009 and 2014. The analysis considered sex, age (20-64 years vs 65 years or older), and the place of …

Databasebusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)05 social sciences030204 cardiovascular system & hematologycomputer.software_genremedicine.disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOlder patientsAge groups0502 economics and businessInternal MedicineMedicine050211 marketingResidenceMyocardial infarctionSmoking banYoung adultbusinessCardiovascular outcomescomputerPolish Archives of Internal Medicine
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Increase in norovirus activity reported in Europe.

2006

A large increase in norovirus outbreaks in Hungary and Germany was reported to European national health authorities via the Foodborne Viruses in Europe network

Databases FactualGenotypevirusesMESH : EuropeMESH : GermanyMESH : Health SurveysMESH : GenotypeMESH : Databases FactualMESH : Hungarymedicine.disease_cause[ SDV.MP.VIR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/VirologyMESH : Information ServicesDisease OutbreaksEnvironmental healthGermanyMESH : Population SurveillancemedicineHumansMESH : Disease OutbreaksComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSCaliciviridae Infections[SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/VirologyNational healthInformation ServicesHungaryMESH : SeasonsMESH : NorovirusIncidenceMESH : HumansNorovirusOutbreakVirologyHealth SurveysMESH : IncidenceGastroenteritisMESH : GastroenteritisEuropeGeographyPopulation SurveillanceNorovirusSeasonsMESH : Caliciviridae InfectionsEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
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Cutting efficiency of heat-treated nickel-titanium single-file systems at different incidence angles.

2020

Cutting efficiency of Reciproc R25 (REC) and Reciproc blue R25 (REB) at different inclinations was evaluated. Sixty new files were tested at 90°, 70° and 45° of inclination in relation to the sample (n = 10), using a customised machine. All files were activated in reciprocation against standardised gypsum blocks for 120 s. Cutting efficiency was determined by measuring the block weight loss with an analytical balance and measuring the length of the block surface cut using a digital calliper. Data were statistically analysed (two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni t-test) with the significance level set at P < 0.05. There was no difference for REC among the tested angles. REB had no statistical differenc…

Dental InstrumentsHot Temperatureincidence angle0206 medical engineeringStatistical differencecutting efficiency02 engineering and technology03 medical and health sciencesReciprocating motion0302 clinical medicineNickelStatisticsMaterials TestingGeneral DentistryIncidence (geometry)MathematicsTitaniumheat treatmentIncidenceSignificant difference030206 dentistryEquipment Designreciproc blue020601 biomedical engineeringNickel titaniumHeat treatedreciprocationCalipersRoot Canal PreparationAustralian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology IncReferences
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Intestinal tuberculosis as a cause of chronic diarrhoea among patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: report of two cases.

2001

In Western countries human immunodeficiency virus infection is considered the main risk factor of tuberculous disease, its incidence being 500 times higher in HIV-infected patients than in the general population. Despite the disease frequently present in these patients with extraintestinal manifestations, intestinal localization is rarely observed and often as a consequence of complications such as acute gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation. The diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis is difficult and is often delayed due to the lack of specific signs and symptoms as well as the low sensitivity of routine methods. A review of the literature is made and personal experience in the diagnosis …

DiarrheaMaleAbdominal painPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyPerforation (oil well)PopulationHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)DiseaseINTESTINAL TUBERCULOSISmedicine.disease_causeDiagnosis DifferentialmedicineHumansRisk factoreducationeducation.field_of_studyHepatologyAIDS-Related Opportunistic Infectionsbusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)GastroenterologyMiddle AgedTuberculosis GastrointestinalImmunologyChronic DiseaseHIV-1medicine.symptombusinessDigestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver
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Dietary fiber and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

2018

Background Several studies have suggested that higher consumption of dietary fiber is beneficial for a variety of health outcomes. However, many results have been inconclusive and, to our knowledge, there has been no attempt to systematically capture the breadth of outcomes associated with dietary fiber intake or to systematically assess the quality and the strength of the evidence on the associations of dietary fiber intake and different health outcomes or medical conditions. Objective The aim of this study was to describe the diverse health outcomes convincingly associated with dietary fiber consumption. Design This was an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis of observ…

Dietary Fiber0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyEvidence-based practiceDatabases FactualMedicine (miscellaneous)systemati reviewType 2 diabetesfiberscancer; cardiovascular disease; fibers; meta-analysis systemati review; Medicine (miscellaneous); Nutrition and DieteticsCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMeta-Analysis as Topiccardiovascular diseaseInternal medicinemedicinecancerHumans030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicInflammation030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryIncidencemedicine.diseaseDietmeta-analysisObservational Studies as TopicTreatment OutcomeSystematic reviewDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Cardiovascular Diseasescancer cardiovascular disease fibers meta-analysis systemati reviewMeta-analysisObservational Studies as TopicObservational studybusinessSystematic Reviews as TopicThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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Association between dietary fibre intake and fruit, vegetable or whole-grain consumption and the risk of CVD: results from the PREvención con DIeta M…

2016

Prospective studies assessing the association between fibre intake or fibre-rich food consumption and the risk of CVD have often been limited by baseline assessment of diet. Thus far, no study has used yearly repeated measurements of dietary changes during follow-up. Moreover, previous studies included healthy and selected participants who did not represent subjects at high cardiovascular risk. We used yearly repeated measurements of diet to investigate the association between fibre intake and CVD in a Mediterranean cohort of elderly adults at high cardiovascular risk. We followed-up 7216 men (55-80 years) and women (60-80 years) initially free of CVD for up to 7 years in the PREvención con…

Dietary FiberMale0301 basic medicineprimary preventionMedicine (miscellaneous)Hazard ratiosType 2 diabetesfruitsHR hazard ratiosMI myocardial infarction0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsVegetablesClinical endpointMedicineProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyStrokeFruit consumptionAged 80 and overWhole GrainsNutrition and Dietetics:Ciencias de la Salud::Salud pública [Materias Investigacion]Primary preventionMediterranean RegionIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Hazard ratiodietary fibreDietary fibreType 2 diabetesMiddle AgedCVDFC fruit consumptionT2D type 2 diabetesCardiovascular DiseasesInfart de miocardi -- Factors de riscCohortFemaleDF dietary fibrevegetablesPREDIMED PREvención con DIeta MEDiterráneaDiet Surveys03 medical and health sciencesStatistical significanceEnvironmental healthHumansDieta -- Mediterrània Regió de laAgedProportional Hazards Models030109 nutrition & dieteticsbusiness.industryFeeding Behaviormedicine.diseaseDietMyocardial infarctionFruitbusiness
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Levels of 188Re nucleus populated in thermal neutron capture reaction

2016

Abstract Levels of 188 Re populated in thermal neutron capture reaction with enriched 187 Re targets have been studied. Single γ -ray spectrum of 188 Re, measured with the high-resolution crystal diffraction spectrometer GAMS5, as well as γγ -coincidence experiments performed with high efficiency Ge detectors, allowed to develop model-independent level scheme of the doubly-odd 188 Re nucleus up to ∼ 1.5 MeV excitation energy. Analysis of the established 188 Re level scheme in terms of the quasiparticle-plus-rotor model indicates coexistence of axially-deformed and triaxial structures in the energy range above 400 keV.

DiffractionNuclear reactionPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Spectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physics01 natural sciencesCoincidenceCrystalNuclear physicsmedicine.anatomical_structure0103 physical sciencesmedicineAtomic physics010306 general physicsNucleusExcitationNuclear Physics A
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Thickness and temperature dependent structure of Cd arachidate Langmuir-Blodgett films

1992

Abstract The structure of monolayers of Cd arachidate on water and on solid support, and the thickness dependent changes when building up a multilayer via the LB technique are studied by means of grazing incidence diffraction of X-ray. In monolayers the perpendicularly oriented amphiphilic molecules are arranged in a hexagonal lattice, whereas for thicker layers (even for three layers) they crystallize in an orthorhombic unit cell with a reduced molecular are ( A = 18.2 A 2 ) compared to that of the monolayer ( A = 19.7 A 2 ). In-plane diffraction measurements with wave vector transfer perpendicular to the surface (rod scans) could prove for multilayers a maximum tilt angle of 2°. The data …

DiffractionPhase transitionGrazing incidence diffractionbusiness.industryChemistryMetals and AlloysSurfaces and InterfacesLangmuir–Blodgett filmSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyOpticsMonolayerMaterials ChemistryWave vectorHexagonal latticeOrthorhombic crystal systembusinessThin Solid Films
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Oblique incidence and polarization effects in coupled gratings.

2012

Oblique incidence and polarization orientation of the input beam have dramatic effects on the spectral response of coupled dielectric waveguide gratings. Coupled gratings with small periodic perturbations can be described as a problem of two coupled resonances at strictly normal incidence, but we find that the device involves four coupled resonances when oblique incidence and polarization effects are included in the analysis. Very small deviations from normal incidence change qualitatively the spectral response and four peaks are observed, whereas only two peaks are present at normal incidence. Polarization misalignments produce a decrease of the reflectance of the resonances at normal inci…

DiffractionPhysicsOnesbusiness.industryGuided-mode resonancePhysics::OpticsÒpticaCoupled mode theoryPolarization (waves)ReflectivityAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsPeriodic perturbationQ factorOblique incidencebusinessOptics express
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