Search results for "INDEPENDENCE"

showing 10 items of 292 documents

The KAM Theorem

2016

This theorem guarantees that, under certain assumptions, in the case of a perturbation \(\varepsilon H_{1}(\boldsymbol{J},\boldsymbol{\theta })\) with small enough ɛ, the iterated series for the generator W(θ i 0, J i ) converges (according to Newton’s procedure) and thus the invariant tori are not destroyed. The KAM theorem is valid for systems with two and more degrees of freedom. However, in the following, we shall deal exclusively with the case of two degrees of freedom.

Pure mathematicsIterated functionKolmogorov–Arnold–Moser theoremPerturbation (astronomy)TorusLinear independenceMathematicsTwo degrees of freedom
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The relationship between non-audit fees and audit quality: dealing with the endogeneity issue

2015

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore whether the provision of non-audit services (NAS) by public accounting firms undermines audit quality. The study addresses this question by testing for an association between the provision of consulting services and auditor independence in listed companies. Design/methodology/approach – The authors study if the magnitude of non-audit fees explains variations in earnings management by looking at the joint determination of non-audit fees, audit fees, and abnormal accruals using the SURE-regression estimation method. Findings – Evidence from tested models suggests that audit services quality is uncompromised by the provision of NAS. In other w…

Quality auditActuarial scienceJoint auditbusiness.industryStrategy and ManagementAudit evidenceInformation technology auditChief audit executiveAccountingAudit planAuditBusinessAuditor independenceJournal of Service Theory and Practice
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Revisiting the regulation of auditor independence: Spanish evidence on different perceptions

2012

Following the dramatic financial scandals at the turn of the millennium, the financial system reporting framework has changed considerably to restore confidence among investors. In 2002, Spain was one of the pioneer EU member countries to regulate audit quality and protect auditor independence. In the specific setting of Spain, the objective of this research is to obtain evidence that can contribute to the debate on whether there is a need for regulation in this field. In this sense, we find evidence on the existence of an expectations gap between two groups of agents affected by the important changes that the 2002 rules on independence and audit quality imposed on auditors, i.e., the audit…

Quality auditAuditor's reportInternal auditJoint auditbusiness.industryAudit evidenceAccountingChief audit executiveBusinessAuditor independenceExternal auditorInternational Journal of Critical Accounting
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Test of the flavour independence of αs

1995

Abstract Using about 950000 hadronic events collected during 1991 and 1992 with the ALEPH detector, the ratios r b = α s b α s udsc and r uds = α s uds α s cb have been measured in order to test the flavour independence of the strong coupling constant α s . The analysis is based on event-shape variables using the full hadronic sample, two b -quark samples enriched by lepton tagging and lifetime tagging, and a light-quark sample enriched by lifetime antitagging. The combined results are r b = 1.002±0.023 and r uds = 0.971 ± 0.023.

QuarkPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilationPhysicsHadronFlavour01 natural sciencesALEPH ExperimentNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesStrong coupling010306 general physicsALEPH experimentIndependence (probability theory)Lepton
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Inferring networks from high-dimensional data with mixed variables

2014

We present two methodologies to deal with high-dimensional data with mixed variables, the strongly decomposable graphical model and the regression-type graphical model. The first model is used to infer conditional independence graphs. The latter model is applied to compute the relative importance or contribution of each predictor to the response variables. Recently, penalized likelihood approaches have also been proposed to estimate graph structures. In a simulation study, we compare the performance of the strongly decomposable graphical model and the graphical lasso in terms of graph recovering. Five different graph structures are used to simulate the data: the banded graph, the cluster gr…

Random graphClustering high-dimensional dataPenalized likelihoodTheoretical computer scienceConditional independenceDecomposable Graphical Models.Computer scienceCluster graphMixed variablesGraphical modelMutual informationPenalized Gaussian Graphical ModelSettore SECS-S/01 - Statistica
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Measuring and Evaluating Intergenerational Mobility: Evidence from Students’ Questionnaires

2005

Three fundamental ideas in the study of intergenerational mobility are those of structural mobility, origin independence and rank reversal. We review the theoretical literature focused on the three ideas and present evidence from a questionnaire designed to test students’ views regarding the different notions. The questionnaire is conducted under both a “measurement” and an “evaluation” frame; it uses questions involving both verbal statements of the principles tested and pairwise comparisons of simple hypothetical mobility situations; for the latter exercise, the questionnaire introduces a new intuitive display based on mobility trees. The evidence provides various results: most notably, o…

Rank reversals in decision-makingFrame (artificial intelligence)Independence (mathematical logic)Pairwise comparisonCriminologySocial mobilityPsychologyCognitive psychologyTest (assessment)
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Assessment of Renewable Sources for the Energy Consumption in Malta in the Mediterranean Sea

2016

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the energy production in the Maltese islands, focusing on the employment of renewable energies in order to increase their energy independence. The main renewable source here proposed is wave energy: thanks to a strategic position, Malta will be able to produce electrical energy using an innovative type of Wave Energy Converter (WEC) based on the prototype of a linear generator realized by University of Palermo. The use of this new technology will be able to cut down the electrical energy production from traditional power plants and, consequently, the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Wave energy source and off-shore photovoltaic (PV) technology are…

Renewable energyEngineeringControl and OptimizationWave energy020209 energyEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologylcsh:TechnologyCivil engineeringEnergy developmentEnergy independenceMediterranean Sea0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringWave farmElectrical and Electronic EngineeringEngineering (miscellaneous)Settore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica Ambientalelcsh:TMaltaRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemEnvironmental engineeringEnergy consumption021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyRenewable energyNameplate capacityPoint absorberWave Energy Converter (WEC)wave energy; renewable energy; Mediterranean Sea; Wave Energy Converter (WEC); point absorber; Malta0210 nano-technologybusinessEnergy sourceEnergy (miscellaneous)Energies
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Improving Reliability of Road Safety Estimates Based on High Correlated Accident Counts

2007

Calibrating a safety performance function (SPF) with many years of accident data creates a temporal correlation that traditional model calibration procedures cannot deal with. It is well known that generalized estimating equations (GEE) models are able to incorporate trends into accident data and thus overcome difficulties in accounting for correlation; the usual application of GEEs to safety analysis uses robust (or sandwich) estimates of regression coefficients under the independence hypothesis for the working correlation matrix. This practice is justified by the robustness of the GEE procedure against misspecification of the response correlation structure. Nevertheless, with this method…

Robustness (computer science)Covariance matrixComputer scienceMechanical EngineeringLinear regressionStatisticsEconometricsroad safety high correlated data reliabilityGeneralized estimating equationIndependence (probability theory)Reliability (statistics)Civil and Structural EngineeringEmpirical Bayes methodTransportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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Banach spaces of general Dirichlet series

2018

Abstract We study when the spaces of general Dirichlet series bounded on a half plane are Banach spaces, and show that some of those classes are isometrically isomorphic between themselves. In a precise way, let { λ n } be a strictly increasing sequence of positive real numbers such that lim n → ∞ ⁡ λ n = ∞ . We denote by H ∞ ( λ n ) the complex normed space of all Dirichlet series D ( s ) = ∑ n b n λ n − s , which are convergent and bounded on the half plane [ Re s > 0 ] , endowed with the norm ‖ D ‖ ∞ = sup Re s > 0 ⁡ | D ( s ) | . If (⁎) there exists q > 0 such that inf n ⁡ ( λ n + 1 q − λ n q ) > 0 , then H ∞ ( λ n ) is a Banach space. Further, if there exists a strictly increasing sequ…

SequenceApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsBanach space01 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicsCombinatoricssymbols.namesakeBounded functionsymbolsLinear independence0101 mathematicsPositive real numbersGeneral Dirichlet seriesAnalysisDirichlet seriesMathematicsNormed vector spaceJournal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
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Testing Independence: A New Approach

2000

In time series analysis and modelling, testing for independence allows us to determine if the estimated model is correctly specified. In this work, we present a very simple method to test for serial independence, based on the two-dimensional embedding vectors (the so-called “2-histories”), and we analyse the power and size of such a procedure against a wide set of linear and nonlinear alternatives.

Set (abstract data type)Nonlinear systemSimple (abstract algebra)Independence (mathematical logic)EmbeddingMartingale difference sequenceWhite noiseTime seriesAlgorithmMathematics
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