Search results for "INDEX"
showing 10 items of 5395 documents
Ethnic differences in serum lipoproteins and their determinants in South African women.
2010
The objective of the study was to characterize ethnic differences in lipid levels and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size and subclasses in black and white South African women and to explore the associations with insulin sensitivity (S(I)), body composition, and lifestyle factors. Fasting serum lipids and LDL size and subclasses, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), and S(I) (frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test) were measured in normal-weight (body mass index25 kg/m(2)) black (n = 15) and white (n = 15), and obese (body mass index30 kg/m(2)) black (n = 13) and white (n = 13) women. Normal-weight and obese black women had lower triglycerides (0.59 +/…
Endothelial dysfunction in PCOS. role of obesity and adipose hormones
2006
PURPOSE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an extremely prevalent disorder in which elevated blood markers of cardiovascular risk and altered endothelial function have been found. This study was designed to determine if abnormal carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in young women with PCOS may be explained by insulin resistance and elevated adipocytokines. METHODS: A prospective study in 50 young women with PCOS (age: 25.2 +/- 1 years; body mass index [BMI]: 28.7 +/- 0.8) and 50 matched ovulatory controls (age: 25.1 +/- 0.7 years; BMI: 28.5 +/- 0.5) was performed. Carotid IMT, brachial FMD, and blood for fasting glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponect…
Prolonged breast-feeding protects mothers from later-life obesity and related cardio-metabolic disorders
2011
AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the long-term effects of duration of postpartum lactation on maternal body composition and risk for cardio-metabolic disorders in later life.DesignRetrospective study. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and serum glucose, insulin and lipids were analysed using enzymatic photometric methods 16–20 years after the last pregnancy. Medical history and lifestyle factors were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Detailed information regarding weight change patterns during each pregnancy was obtained from personal maternity tracking records.SettingCity of Jyväskylä and surroundings in Central Finland.SubjectsTwo hundred a…
Orosensory detection of bitter in fat-taster healthy and obese participants: Genetic polymorphism of CD36 and TAS2R38
2017
In Press, Corrected Proof — Note to users; International audience; Background & aimsWe assessed orosensory detection of a long-chain fatty acid, linoleic acid (LA), and a bitter taste marker, 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP), and correlated lipid-taster subjects with PROP detection and polymorphism in genes encoding bitter and lipid taste receptors, respectively, TAS2R38 and CD36, in normal weight and obese subjects.DesignThe normal weight (n = 52, age = 35.3 ± 4.10 years, BMI = 23.22 ± 1.44 kg/m2) and obese (n = 52, age = 35.0 ± 5.43 years, BMI = 34.29 ± 5.31 kg/m2) participants were recruited to determine fat and bitter detection thresholds. The genomic DNA was used to determine single nucleot…
High sCD36 plasma level is associated with steatosis and its severity in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C
2013
SUMMARY. Soluble CD36 (sCD36) plasma levels, a known marker of cardiometabolic disorders, are associated with surrogate markers of steatosis, while experimental and human studies show a link between CD36 expression in the liver and steatosis. In a cohort of patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C (G1 CHC), we tested the association of sCD36 plasma levels with host and viral factors and sustained virological response (SVR). One hundred and seventy-five consecutive biopsy-proven patients were studied. sCD36 plasma levels were assessed by an in-house ELISA. All biopsies were scored by one pathologist for staging and grading (Scheuer) and graded for steatosis, which was considered moderate…
Lack of association of cd36 snps with early onset obesity : A meta-analysis in 9,973 european subjects
2011
A recent study suggested that four CD36 polymorphisms (namely rs3211867, rs3211883, rs3211908, and rs1527483) were associated with an increased risk of obesity, an increased BMI and percentage of body fat in European adolescents. We first attempted to confirm these results in three independent case-control genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data totaling 3,509 subjects of French and German origin, but we were unable to find any association of these variants with early onset obesity risk. We then genotyped the four CD36 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a large population-based study of 4,667 Finnish subjects and we did not replicate any of the recently reported associations with…
Circulating microparticles as disease-specific biomarkers of severity of inflammation in patients with hepatitis C or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
2012
Background & Aims Microparticles released into the bloodstream upon activation or apoptosis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells correlate with inflammation as determined by histologic analysis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can be differentiated from those with CHC based on activation of distinct sets of immune cells in the liver. Methods We compared profiles of circulating microparticles from patients with NAFL and NASH (n = 67) to those of CHC (n = 42), with healthy individuals (controls) using flow cytometry; the profiles were correlated with inflammation grade and fibrosis stage based on histologic an…
Impaired muscle strength in female adolescents and young adults surviving leukemia in childhood
1993
Background. With the improving cure rate in childhood malignancies, increasing interest has been focused on long-term survivors. To evaluate late sequelae of childhood leukemia, the muscle strength of 43 young female survivors was investigated and compared with that of 69 healthy age-matched women. The patients had been off therapy for 1 to 19 years. Methods. The anthropometric characteristics measured were height and weight, and body mass index was calculated. The maximal isometric strengths for elbow flexion, knee extension, and hand grip were measured on a special dynamometer chair. Dynamic muscular endurance was measured by pushup and situp tests. Results. The mean height of the patient…
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Liver Damage and Atherosclerosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
2015
Background/Aims We assessed whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and nocturnal hypoxemia are associated with severity of liver fibrosis and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD and low prevalence of morbid obesity. Secondary aim was to explore the association of OSA and hypoxemia with NASH and severity of liver pathological changes. Methods Consecutive patients (n = 126) with chronically elevated ALT and NAFLD underwent STOP-BANG questionnaire to estimate OSA risk and ultrasonographic carotid assessment. In patients accepting to perform cardiorespiratory polygraphy (PG, n = 50), OSA was defined as an apnea/hypopnea index ≥5. A carotid atherosclerotic plaque was defi…
PAI-1 Levels are Related to Insulin Resistance and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia
2017
Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is a primary atherogenic dyslipidemia with insulin resistance and increased cardiovascular risk. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity are associated with proinflammatory and atherothrombotic risk. Our aim was to study the role played by PAI-1 and MPO activity in the carotid atherosclerosis prevalence in FCH subjects. 36 FCH unrelated subjects (17 women) were matched by age and body weight with 36 healthy normolipidemic subjects (19 female). Blood lipids, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)), MPO, and PAI-1 were determined in both groups. Carotid intima media thickness (…