Search results for "INFECTIONS"
showing 10 items of 2671 documents
Resistance to clarithromycin and genotypes in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated in Sicily
2015
The resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains to clarithromycin is increasing in several developed countries and their association with a genetic pattern circulation has been variously explained as related to different geographical areas. In this study we have reported: the prevalence of the resistance of H. pylori, isolated in Sicily, to clarithromycin; the principal point of mutation associated with this resistance; and the more frequent association between resistance to clarithromycin and cagA, the EPIYA motif, and the vacA and oipA genes. Resistance to clarithromycin was detected in 25 % of cases, the main genetic mutation involved being A2143G. The cagA gene was present in 48 % of case…
Value of morphotyping for the characterization of Candida albicans clinical isolates
2005
Until recently, morphotyping, a method evaluating fringe and surface characteristics of streak colonies grown on malt agar, has been recommended as a simple and unexpensive typing method for Candida albicans isolates. The discriminatory power and reproducibility of Hunter's modified scheme of Phongpaichit's morphotyping has been evaluated on 28 C. albicans isolates recovered from the oral cavity of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-positive subjects, and compared to two molecular typing methods: randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting, and contour clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) electrophoretic karyotyping. Morphological features of streak colonies allowed…
Ventilator-associated Pneumonia and MRSA ST398, Italy
2010
To the Editor: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type (ST)398 has become increasingly common in livestock, particularly pigs, in some countries in Europe, such as Spain and Germany (1). In Italy, prevalences as high as 14% and 21.6% in pig-breeding facilities and meat-processing sites, respectively, have been recently reported (1). Possible association of MRSA in animals with infection in humans has been investigated. One study showed a strong relationship between contact with pigs or calves and carriage by persons having direct contact with animals and families of persons who handle animals (2). Moreover, an MRSA prevalence >11.9% has been described by de Boer et …
incidence and risk factors of bacterial sepsis and invasive fungal infection in neonates and infants requiring major surgery: an Italian multicentre …
2022
Background: Limited data are currently available on the incidence rates and risk factors for bacterial sepsis and invasive fungal infections (IFIs) among neonates and infants undergoing major surgery. Aim: To assess the incidence of bacterial sepsis and IFI, fungal colonization, risk factors for sepsis, and mortality in neonates and infants aged <3 months undergoing major surgery. Methods: A multicentre prospective study was conducted involving 13 level-3 neonatal intensive care units in Italy, enrolling all infants aged ≤3 months undergoing major surgery. Findings: From 2018 to 2021, 541 patients were enrolled. During hospitalization, 248 patients had a bacterial infection, and 23 patie…
Staphylococcus aureus α-Toxin’s Close Contacts Ensure the Kill
2018
The membrane pore-forming α-toxin is an important virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus. Target cells can remove pores from their surface, but recent work shows that α-toxin may undermine this self-defense by clinging to epithelial cell junctions. The findings could lead to the development of novel remedies against S. aureus infections.
Time course of mycobacterial infection of dendritic cells in the lungs of intranasally infected mice
2004
Summary Setting : Dendritic cells (DC) could regulate between the protective and pathogenic immune responses following tuberculous infection. In this paper we investigated if their early infection in the lungs represents a plausible alternative to cross-priming with mycobacterial antigens acquired from infected macrophages. Objective : To determine the extent and time course of infection of lung DCs following intranasal inoculation of BALB/c mice with green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Results : A fraction of GFP-BCG infected lung cells were classified as monocytic DCs with the CD11c + IA + 33D1 + CD8a − phenotype. These cells represented 5–18% of the tot…
Evolutionary history conditions the timing of transmission in vesicular stomatitis virus.
2001
It has been postulated that early transmitted viruses would evolve to be more virulent than late transmitted ones. The reason for this prediction is that early transmission selects for rapid viral replication and, consequently, rapid host death, whereas late transmission would select for slow-replicating viruses that permit longer survival to the host. To test this prediction, experimental lineages of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) had been adapted to three different transmission dynamics during more than 100 generations. Transmission dynamic differed in the stage of infection at which transmission took place: early, intermediate or late. Regardless the timing of transmission imposed duri…
Class 1 integrons in environmental and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
2011
The aims of this study were to ascertain the presence and spread of class 1 integrons amongst environmental and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to characterise their variable regions. A total of 76 isolates (56 clinical and 20 environmental) were studied. The presence of plasmids was explored, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for integron detection. All amplicons were sequenced. PCR detected class 1 integrons in 26 of the 56 clinical isolates; environmental isolates were integron-free. No plasmids were found, thus all the integrons found are possibly on the chromosome. Most isolates presented one amplicon, except PA110514 and PA116136, which showed two PCR produc…
Dissemination of CTX-M-Producing Escherichia coli in Freshwater Fishes From a French Watershed (Burgundy)
2019
International audience; The burden of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec), has increased over several decades. Freshwater ecosystems are suspected to play an important ecological and evolutionary role in driving the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of our study was to decipher the occurrence of ESBL-Ec in a small watershed (Ouche river, Burgundy, France), targeting environmental matrices and fishes. Among cefotaxime resistant E. coli (ctxR Ec) isolates, we detected and characterized 36 ESBL-Ec from water, biofilm and fish guts. ctxR Ec and ESBL-Ec were found in samples from sites near the first small town, located downstream from the wate…
Populations of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are different in human-polluted environment and foo…
2021
Abstract Objectives To assess the extent to which food items are a source of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) -producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) for humans in five European cities. Methods We sampled 122 human polluted (hp)-environments (sewers and polluted rivers, as a proxy of human contamination) and 714 food items in Besancon (France), Geneva (Switzerland), Sevilla (Spain), Tubingen (Germany) and Utrecht (The Netherlands). A total of 254 ESBL-Ec and 39 ESBL-Kp isolates were cultured. All genomes were fully sequenced to compare their sequence types (ST) and core genomes, along with the distribution of blaESBL genes and their genet…