Search results for "INFILTRATION"
showing 10 items of 291 documents
A Systematic Review of the Hydrological, Environmental and Durability Performance of Permeable Pavement Systems
2021
Due to urbanization, large portions of vegetated territory have been replaced by waterproof surfaces. The consequences are greater outflows, lower infiltration, and lower evapotranspiration. Pavement systems made with permeable surfaces allow the infiltration of water, ensuring reduction of runoff volume. In this paper, the methods of analysis of the hydrological and environmental performance of the pavement systems are reviewed in the context of urban drainage and regarding their durability. The purpose is to present an overview of the studies published during the last decade in the field. The Pubmed and Web Science Core Collection electronic databases were used to conduct the scientific l…
Determining hydraulic properties of a loam soil by alternative infiltrometer techniques
2015
Testing infiltrometer techniques to determine soil hydraulic properties is necessary for specific soils. For a loam soil, the water retention and hydraulic conductivity predicted by the BEST (Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer parameters) procedure of soil hydraulic characterization was compared with data collected by more standard laboratory and field techniques. Six infiltrometer techniques were also compared in terms of saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, Ks. BEST yielded water retention values statistically similar to those obtained in the laboratory and Ks values practically coinciding with those determined in the field with the pressure infiltrometer (PI). The unsaturated soil hyd…
Using the r package spatstat to assess inhibitory effects of microregional hypoxia on the infiltration of cancers of the head and neck region by cyto…
2021
Simple Summary Progress in the field of in situ proteomics allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers within one cancer tissue specimen. As a result, biological hypotheses previously only assessable ex vivo can now be studied in human cancer tissue. However, methods for objective analysis have so far been lacking behind. In this study, we established a free, objective, and entirely open-source-based method for the analysis of multiplexed immunofluorescence specimens. This will gain further importance with the availability of more advanced multiplexing methods in the future. Abstract (1) Background: The immune system has physiological antitumor activity, which is partially …
Portal vein infiltration in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: The relevance of correct classification.
2017
e15651 Background: Portal vein invasion (PVI) is has a significant impact on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with PVI are classified as stage C in the BCLC score and systemic therapy is recommended. Patients with minor PVI are frequently misclassified due to radiological challenges in determining malignant PVI or non-adherence to guidelines. The concept of resection or TACE in limited PVI is sometimes followed with the assumption of a negligible influence on survival. Aim of this study is the reevaluation of PVI and the analysis of the impact of a misclassification. Methods: 763 patients with HCC of a total of 1413 were extracted from the clinical re…
Antagonization of IL-17A Attenuates Skin Inflammation and Vascular Dysfunction in Mouse Models of Psoriasis
2019
Besides skin inflammation, patients with severe psoriasis suffer from an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. IL-17A plays a central role in the development of psoriasis and might connect skin and vascular disease. The aim of this study was to clarify whether anti-IL-17A therapy could also ameliorate the vascular dysfunction associated with severe psoriasis. We analyzed three murine models with varying severities of psoriasis-like skin disease concerning their vascular function and inflammation: (i) K14-IL-17A(ind/+) mice with keratinocyte-specific IL-17A overexpression and an early-onset severe psoriasis-like phenotype; (ii) homozygous CD11c-IL-17A(ind/ind) and heterozygous CD11c-IL…
The Impact of Small Extracellular Vesicles on Lymphoblast Trafficking across the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier In Vitro.
2020
Central nervous System (CNS) disease in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a major concern, but still, cellular mechanisms of CNS infiltration are elusive. The choroid plexus (CP) is a potential entry site, and, to some extent, invasion resembles CNS homing of lymphocytes during healthy state. Given exosomes may precondition target tissue, the present work aims to investigate if leukemia-derived exosomes contribute to a permissive phenotype of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Leukemia-derived exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation from the cell lines SD-1, Nalm-6, and P12-Ichikawa (P12). Adhesion and uptake to CP epithelial cells and the significance on sub…
Loss of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein promotes acute cholestatic liver injury and inflammation from bile duct ligation.
2017
Cholestatic liver injury results from impaired bile flow or metabolism and promotes hepatic inflammation and fibrogenesis. Toxic bile acids that accumulate in cholestasis induce apoptosis and contribute to early cholestatic liver injury, which is amplified by accompanying inflammation. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the role of the antiapoptotic caspase 8-homolog cellular FLICE-inhibitory (cFLIP) protein during acute cholestatic liver injury. Transgenic mice exhibiting hepatocyte-specific deletion of cFLIP (cFLIP−/−) were used for in vivo and in vitro analysis of cholestatic liver injury using bile duct ligation (BDL) and the addition of bile acids ex vivo. Loss of cFLIP in h…
Intratumoral immunosuppression profiles in 11q-deleted neuroblastomas provide new potential therapeutic targets
2021
In this issue, Coronado et al. attempt to improve our understanding of the factors affecting the response to immunotherapy in a large subset of high‐risk neuroblastoma with hemizygous deletion of chromosome 11q. By using several computational approaches, the authors study potential transcriptional and post‐transcriptional pathways that may affect the response to immunotherapy and further be leveraged therapeutically in a biomarker‐directed fashion.
The two faces of tumor-associated macrophages and their clinical significance in colorectal cancer
2019
© 2019 Pinto, Rios, Durães, Ribeiro, Machado, Mantovani, Barbosa, Carneiro and Oliveira. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Gut Microbiota Restricts NETosis in Acute Mesenteric Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.
2020
Objective: Recruitment of neutrophils and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to lethality in acute mesenteric infarction. To study the impact of the gut microbiota in acute mesenteric infarction, we used gnotobiotic mouse models to investigate whether gut commensals prime the reactivity of neutrophils towards formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETosis). Approach and Results: We applied a mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury model to germ-free (GF) and colonized C57BL/6J mice. By intravital imaging, we quantified leukocyte adherence and NET formation in I/R-injured mesenteric venules. Colonization with gut microbiota or monocolonization with Esch…