Search results for "INFORMATICS"

Pharmacogenetics implementation in the clinics: information and guidelines for germline variants.

2018

The aim of this work was to supply an overview of the germline Pharmacogenetics that can be already implemented in the oncology clinical practice. An explanation of the three pillars considered necessary for determining which genetic polymorphisms should be used has been provided. These are PharmGKB single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-Drug Clinical Annotations with levels of evidence 1 or 2; the genetic information provided in the drug labels by the drug regulatory main agencies (Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency, mainly); and the guidelines elaborated by international expert consortia (mainly Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium and Dutch Pharmacoge…

Death receptors as targets in cancer

2013

Anti-tumour therapies based on the use PARAs (pro-apoptotic receptor agonists), including TRAIL (TNF-Related Apoptosis inducing Ligand) or monoclonal antibodies targeting TRAIL-R1 or TRAIL-R2, have been disappointing so far, despite clear evidence of clinical activity and lack of adverse events for the vast majority of these compounds, whether combined or not with conventional or targeted anti-cancer therapies. This brief review aims at discussing the possible reasons for the lack of apparent success of these therapeutic approaches and at providing hints in order to rationally design optimal protocols based on our current understanding of TRAIL signalling regulation or resistance for future…

Therapeutic potential of alkaloids in autoimmune diseases: Promising candidates for clinical trials.

2020

Clinical investigations have characterized numerous disorders like autoimmune diseases, affecting the population at a rate of approximately 8-10%. These disorders are characterized by T-cell and auto-antibodies responses to self-molecules by immune system reactivity. Several therapeutic options have been adopted in clinics to combat such diseases, however, most of them are recurring. Thus, the discovery of new effective agents for the treatment of autoimmune diseases is paramount. In this context, natural products might be a useful alternative to the current therapies. Plant alkaloids with their substantial therapeutic history can be particularly interesting candidates for the alleviation o…

“European Panel On Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Subclasses”: A Statement on the Pathophysiology, Atherogenicity and Clinical S…

2011

Emerging approaches for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia.

2013

Hypertriglyceridemia is frequent in diabetic and obese subjects, who are at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Increased triglycerides (TG) are a hallmark of atherogenic dyslipidemia, representing a marker of atherogenic small dense low-density lipoproteins (sdlDL). Importantly, non-fasting/postprandial TG measurements tend to be emphasized in clinical practice for the prediction of CVD, and TG-lowering agents (primarily fibrates) have a beneficial effect on atherogenic dyslipidemia, reducing TG-rich particles and ultimately lowering the production of sdlDL. The combination of omega-3 fatty acids and statins is also recommended, and widely used in clinical practice for subjec…

A Vaccine Construction against COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis Contrived with Immunoinformatics-Based Scavenging of Potential Mucoralean Epitopes

2022

Mucormycosis is a group of infections, caused by multiple fungal species, which affect many human organs and is lethal in immunocompromised patients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the current wave of mucormycosis is a challenge to medical professionals as its effects are multiplied because of the severity of COVID-19 infection. The variant of concern, Omicron, has been linked to fatal mucormycosis infections in the US and Asia. Consequently, current postdiagnostic treatments of mucormycosis have been rendered unsatisfactory. In this hour of need, a preinfection cure is needed that may prevent lethal infections in immunocompromised individuals. This study proposes a potential vaccine constru…

Levetiracetam in the treatment of vascular chorea: a case report

2004

Mitochondrial biogenesis in health and disease. Molecular and therapeutic approaches.

2014

Mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) is the essential mechanism by which cells control the number of mitochondria. Cells respond to different physiologic, metabolic, and pathologic changes by regulating this organelle with high morphological and functional adaptability. A considerable number of proteins, transcription factors, upstream regulatory proteins and secondary mechanisms are involved in MB and the stabilization of new mitochondrial DNA. These MB activators and regulators, including the main participating proteins (e.g. PGC-1α and mtTFA), are candidates for therapeutic intervention in diverse diseases, like neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic syndrome, sarcopenia, cardiac pathophysiolo…

Editorial [ Neurodegenerative Disorders: From Molecules to Man (Part 2) Guest Editors: Giuseppe Di Giovanni, Vincenzo Di Matteo and Ennio Esposito ]

2008

NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS: FROM MOLECULES TO MAN

Antioxidants as treatment for neurodegenerative disorders.

2002

Oxidative stress is a ubiquitously observed hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders. Neuronal cell dysfunction and cell death due to oxidative stress may causally contribute to the pathogenesis of progressive neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as acute syndromes of neurodegeneration, such as ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke. Neuroprotective antioxidants are considered a promising approach to slowing the progression and limiting the extent of neuronal cell loss in these disorders. The clinical evidence demonstrating that antioxidant compounds can act as protective drugs in neurodegenerative disease, however, is still relatively scarce. …