Search results for "INHALATION"
showing 10 items of 326 documents
GOLD 2017 treatment pathways in ‘real life’: An analysis of the DACCORD observational study
2017
Abstract Introduction The 2017 update to the Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) strategy document includes recommendations for treatment intensification or step-down in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), although recognises that limited supporting information is available. DACCORD is an ongoing observational, non-interventional study, recruiting patients following COPD maintenance treatment change or initiation, a subset of whom were receiving a long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) plus a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) fixed-dose combination (FDC) on entry. Since there were no requirements in terms of prior medication (and no washout before commencing LABA/L…
Long-term general and cardiovascular safety of tiotropium/olodaterol in patients with moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
2016
Abstract Background Long-term safety, particularly cardiovascular safety, is of special interest in maintenance treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with long-acting β 2 -agonists and long-acting muscarinic antagonists, given potential cardiovascular effects. Methods Two 52-week Phase III trials (TONADO ® ) investigated tiotropium/olodaterol (5/5 and 2.5/5 μg) versus tiotropium 2.5, 5 μg and olodaterol 5 μg. In a pre-specified safety analysis, investigator-reported treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs), electrocardiogram and laboratory data were pooled. All serious AE (SAE) reports were reviewed by an independent Adjudication Committee, which assessed whether deaths, …
Inhalation therapy in the next decade
2018
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (by-nc 4.0) which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Use of high flow nasal cannula in patients with acute respiratory failure in general wards under intensivists supervision: a single center observatio…
2022
Abstract Background Few data exist on high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) use in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) admitted to general wards. Rationale and objectives To retrospectively evaluate feasibility and safety of HFNC in general wards under the intensivist-supervision and after specific training. Methods Patients with ARF (dyspnea, respiratory rate-RR > 25/min, 150 < PaO2/FiO2 < 300 mmHg during oxygen therapy) admitted to nine wards of an academic hospital were included. Gas-exchange, RR, and comfort were assessed before HFNC and after 2 and 24 h of application. Results 150 patients (81 male, age 74 [60–80] years, SOFA 4 [2–4]), 123 with de-novo ARF underwent HFNC wi…
Assessing biomarkers in a real-world severe asthma study (ARIETTA)
2016
AbstractThe prognostic value of asthma biomarkers in routine clinical practice is not fully understood. ARIETTA (NCT02537691) is an ongoing, prospective, longitudinal, international, multicentre real-world study designed to assess the relationship between asthma biomarkers and disease-related health outcomes. The trial aims to enrol and follow for 52 weeks approximately 1200 severe asthma patients from approximately 160 sites in more than 20 countries. Severe asthmatics, treated with daily inhaled corticosteroid (≥500 μg of fluticasone propionate or equivalent) and at least 1 second controller medication are to be included. In this real-world study, patients will be treated according to the…
Effects of omalizumab in severe asthmatics across ages: A real life Italian experience
2016
Background This retrospective study aimed at evaluating long-term effects of Omalizumab in elderly asthmatics in a real-life setting. Methods 105 consecutive severe asthmatics (GINA step 4–5; mean FEV1% predicted:66 ± 15.7) treated with Omalizumab for at least 1 year (treatment mean duration 35.1 ± 21.7 months) were divided into 3 groups according to their age at Omalizumab treatment onset: 18–39, 40–64 and ≥ 65 years. Results Comorbidities, number of overweight/obese subjects and patients with late-onset asthma were more frequent among older people. A similar reduction of inhaled corticosteroids dosage and SABA on-demand therapy was observed in all groups during Omalizumab treatment; a sim…
Effects of exercise training on airway responsiveness and airway cells in healthy subjects.
2010
J Appl Physiol. 2010 Aug;109(2):288-94. Epub 2010 Jun 10. Effects of exercise training on airway responsiveness and airway cells in healthy subjects. Scichilone N, Morici G, Zangla D, Chimenti L, Davì E, Reitano S, Paternò A, Santagata R, Togias A, Bellia V, Bonsignore MR. SourceDept. of Internal Medicine, Div. of Pulmonology (DIBIMIS Univ. of Palermo, "Villa Sofia-Cervello" Hospital, Via Trabucco 180, 90146 Palermo, Italy. n.scichilone@libero.it Abstract Airway responsiveness to methacholine (Mch) in the absence of deep inspirations (DIs) is lower in athletes compared with sedentary individuals. In this prospective study, we tested the hypothesis that a training exercise program reduces th…
Structural and functional identification of two distinct inspiratory neuronal populations at the level of the phrenic nucleus in the rat cervical spi…
2018
The diaphragm is driven by phrenic motoneurons that are located in the cervical spinal cord. Although the anatomical location of the phrenic nucleus and the function of phrenic motoneurons at a single cellular level have been extensively analyzed, the spatiotemporal dynamics of phrenic motoneuron group activity have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we analyzed the functional and structural characteristics of respiratory neuron population in the cervical spinal cord at the level of the phrenic nucleus by voltage imaging, together with histological analysis of neuronal and astrocytic distribution in the cervical spinal cord. We found spatially distinct two cellular populations…
Toxicological investigations in a fatal and non-fatal accident due to hydrogen sulphide (H2S)poisoning
2019
Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is one of the most toxic natural gas and represents a not rare cause of fatal events in workplaces. We report here a serious accidental poisoning by hydrogen sulphide inhalation involving six sailors. Three of them died while the other three survived and were transported to the emergency room. No greenish discolouration of the body, that could be a feature of these type of deaths, was observed at autopsy. Given that blood and/or urine H2S detection does not allow to discriminate if it is related to inhalation or to putrefactive processes, the determination of thiosulphate, H2S main metabolite, is decisive. The succession of fatal events reported here can be rebuilt b…
[Spontaneous pneumoperitoneum: a case secondary to thoracic trauma].
2007
Spontaneous pneumoperitoneum is the radiographic manifestation of free air in the peritoneal cavity without visceral perforations and peritoneal signs, and it occurs in about 10% of the cases of pneumoperitoneum. The etiology can be postoperative, thoracic, abdominal, gynecologic, idiopathic; it generally introduces a benign evolution and does not require surgical treatment but just a conservative approach. The authors describe here a case of spontaneous pneumoperitoneum secondary to thoracic trauma. This case is interesting for the occurrence of pneumoperitoneum without clinical peritoneal signs such as fever and leucocytosis, after closed thoracic trauma in absence of pneumothoracic and p…