Search results for "IP"
showing 10 items of 57540 documents
Why viruses sometimes disperse in groups?
2019
AbstractMany organisms disperse in groups, yet this process is understudied in viruses. Recent work, however, has uncovered different types of collective infectious units, all of which lead to the joint delivery of multiple viral genome copies to target cells, favoring co-infections. Collective spread of viruses can occur through widely different mechanisms, including virion aggregation driven by specific extracellular components, cloaking inside lipid vesicles, encasement in protein matrices, or binding to cell surfaces. Cell-to-cell viral spread, which allows the transmission of individual virions in a confined environment, is yet another mode of clustered virus dissemination. Nevertheles…
Characterization of the autoantigen La (SS-B) as a dsRNA unwinding enzyme
1997
During the analysis of the La (SS-B) autoantigen for catalytic activities an ATP-dependent double-stranded RNA unwinding activity was detected. Both native and recombinant La proteins from different species displayed this activity, which could be inhibited by monospecific anti-La antibodies. La protein was able to melt dsRNA substrates with either two 3'-overhangs or a single 3'- and a 5'-overhang. Double-stranded RNAs with two 5'-overhangs were not unwound, indicating that at least one 3'-overhang is required for unwinding. Sequence elements of the La protein that might be involved in dsRNA unwinding, such as an evolutionarily conserved putative ATP-binding motif and an element that is hom…
Clathrin- and Caveolin-Independent Entry of Human Papillomavirus Type 16—Involvement of Tetraspanin-Enriched Microdomains (TEMs)
2008
BACKGROUND: Infectious entry of human papillomaviruses into their host cells is an important step in the viral life cycle. For cell binding these viruses use proteoglycans as initial attachment sites. Subsequent transfer to a secondary receptor molecule seems to be involved in virus uptake. Depending on the papillomavirus subtype, it has been reported that entry occurs by clathrin- or caveolin-mediated mechanisms. Regarding human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16), the primary etiologic agent for development of cervical cancer, clathrin-mediated endocytosis was described as infectious entry pathway. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using immunofluorescence and infection studies we show in contra…
A single tube PCR assay for detecting viruses and their recombinants that cause tomato yellow leaf curl disease in Mediterranean basin
2007
Tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) is well known in Mediterranean countries, where it has been causing severe losses in tomato crops for decades. Until recently, two viruses (with several isolates) in the genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae, have been associated with the epidemics: Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV). However, recombinants between these, such as Tomato yellow leaf curl Malaga virus (TYLCMalV), are spreading, and new methods for detecting all viruses present in the region are needed. By considering all DNA sequences available of viruses causing TYLCD in the Mediterranean basin, a PCR/RFLP protocol was developed t…
Game-Theoretic Approach to Hölder Regularity for PDEs Involving Eigenvalues of the Hessian
2021
AbstractWe prove a local Hölder estimate for any exponent $0<\delta <\frac {1}{2}$ 0 < δ < 1 2 for solutions of the dynamic programming principle $$ \begin{array}{@{}rcl@{}} u^{\varepsilon} (x) = \sum\limits_{j=1}^{n} \alpha_{j} \underset{\dim(S)=j}{\inf} \underset{|v|=1}{\underset{v\in S}{\sup}} \frac{u^{\varepsilon} (x + \varepsilon v) + u^{\varepsilon} (x - \varepsilon v)}{2} \end{array} $$ u ε ( x ) = ∑ j = 1 n α j inf dim ( S ) = j sup v ∈ S | v | = 1 u ε ( x + ε v ) + u ε ( x − ε v ) 2 with α1,αn > 0 and α2,⋯ ,αn− 1 ≥ 0. The proof is based on a new coupling idea from game theory. As an application, we get the same regularity estimate for viscosity solutions of the PDE $…
Equivalence of viscosity and weak solutions for a $p$-parabolic equation
2019
AbstractWe study the relationship of viscosity and weak solutions to the equation $$\begin{aligned} \smash {\partial _{t}u-\varDelta _{p}u=f(Du)}, \end{aligned}$$ ∂ t u - Δ p u = f ( D u ) , where $$p>1$$ p > 1 and $$f\in C({\mathbb {R}}^{N})$$ f ∈ C ( R N ) satisfies suitable assumptions. Our main result is that bounded viscosity supersolutions coincide with bounded lower semicontinuous weak supersolutions. Moreover, we prove the lower semicontinuity of weak supersolutions when $$p\ge 2$$ p ≥ 2 .
Regularity for nonlinear stochastic games
2015
We establish regularity for functions satisfying a dynamic programming equation, which may arise for example from stochastic games or discretization schemes. Our results can also be utilized in obtaining regularity and existence results for the corresponding partial differential equations. peerReviewed
Glie et neurones : vers un partenariat actif influençant le comportement sensoriel chez la drosophile
2014
Māsu pieredze hipotermijas novēršanā operācijas periodā vispārējās anestēzijas laikā
2017
Bakalaura darbs ‘’ Māsu pieredze hipotermijas noveršanā operācijas periodā vispārējās anestēzijas laikā’’ izstrādāts Latvijas Universitātes Medicīnas fakultātes Profesionālā bakalaura studiju programmas ietvaros. Kā teorētiskais pamats izmantota D. Oremas uz pamatvajadzībām orientēta māszinību teorija. Pētījums ir realizēts ar mērķi pieverst uzmanību pacienta sildīšanai, operācijas laikā,lai noskaidrotu cik aktīvi māsas izmanto sildošās ierīces, vispārējas anestēzijas laikā. Bakalaura darbs sastāv no 6 nodaļām, trim apakšnodaļām un diviem pielikumiem. Darba izstrādē izmantoti 19 literatūras avoti par hipotermiju, aprūpes procesu un vispārējo anestēziju. Pētījumā tika izmantota kvantitatīva …
Vispārinātie lineārie modeļi skaita tipa datu analīzei
2022
Bakalaura darbs ir veltīts vispārināto lineāro modeļu, kas piemēroti skaita tipa datu analīzei, teorijas apskatam. Darbā apskatīts Puasona regresijas modelis, kā arī modeļi, kas piemēroti pārāk lielas dispersijas gadījumā (kvazi-Puasona un negatīvā binomiālā sadalījuma regresijas modeļi). Skaita tipa datos var būt situācijas, kad liels datu daudzums ir 0, tāpēc šādu datu analīzei aprakstīti īpaši piemēroti modeļi, jo iepriekšminētie modeļi šādiem datiem nevar sniegt korektus novērtējumus. Atsevišķi tika aprakstīta arī empīriskās ticamības funkcijas metode vispārināto lineāro modeļu koeficientu novērtēšanai un ticamības intervālu konstruēšanai, kuru var izmantot Puasona modeļa gadījumā. Darb…