Search results for "IRI"

showing 10 items of 12514 documents

Empirical and physical estimation of Canopy Water Content from CHRIS/PROBA data

2013

20 páginas, 4 tablas, 7 figuras.

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMean squared errorScience0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyCHRIS/PROBA01 natural sciencescanopy water content;model inversion;neural networks;look up tables;empirical up-scalingmodel inversionEmpirical up-scalingAtmospheric radiative transfer codeslook up tablesRadiative transferModel inversion021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMathematicsRemote sensingArtificial neural networkCanopy water contentQHyperspectral imagingInversion (meteorology)Sigmoid functionSpectral bandsempirical up-scaling15. Life on landneural networks[SDE]Environmental SciencesGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesLook up tablescanopy water contentNeural networkscanopy water content; model inversion; neural networks; look up tables; empirical up-scaling; CHRIS/PROBA
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2016

Gianluca Tramontana was supported by the GEOCARBON EU FP7 project (GA 283080). Dario Papale, Martin Jung and Markus Reichstein acknowledge funding from the EU FP7 project GEOCARBON (grant agreement no. 283080) and the EU H2020 BACI project (grant agreement no. 640176). Gustau Camps-Valls wants to acknowledge the support by an ERC Consolidator Grant with grant agreement 647423 (SEDAL). Kazuhito Ichii was supported by Environment Research and Technology Development Funds (2-1401) from the Ministry of the Environment of Japan and the JAXA Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) project (no. 115). Christopher R. Schwalm was supported by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) gran…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMeteorologyFLUXNET0208 environmental biotechnology0207 environmental engineeringlcsh:Life02 engineering and technologySensible heatAtmospheric sciences7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesFlux (metallurgy)FluxNetMachine learning; Carbon fluxes; Energy fluxes; FLUXNET; Remote sensing; FLUXCOMlcsh:QH540-549.5Latent heatMachine learningCarbon fluxes020701 environmental engineeringEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface ProcessesFLUXCOMMultivariate adaptive regression splineslcsh:QE1-996.5Empirical modellingPrimary production15. Life on landRemote sensingEnergy fluxes020801 environmental engineeringlcsh:Geologylcsh:QH501-531Kernel method13. Climate actionEnvironmental sciencelcsh:EcologyBiogeosciences
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Testing the use of an image-based technique to measure gully erosion at Sparacia experimental area

2016

The first part of this investigation was aimed at testing the use of a three-dimensional (3D) Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and a quasi-tridimensional (2.5D) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) obtained by a large series of oblique images of eroded channels taken from consumer un-calibrated and non-metric cameras. For two closed earth channels having a different sinuosity the ground measurement of some cross-sections by a profilometer (P) was carried out. The real volume of each channel was also measured by waterproofing it by a plastic film and filling it with a known volume of water. The comparison among the three methods (3D, 2.5D and P) pointed out that a limited underestimation of the total vo…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSoil scienceChannelized04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesSinuosity01 natural sciencesVolume (thermodynamics)040103 agronomy & agricultureErosion0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesProfilometerEmpirical relationshipDigital elevation modelGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and TechnologyRemote sensingCommunication channelHydrological Processes
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Impulsive coronal heating from large-scale magnetic rearrangements: from IRIS to SDO/AIA

2019

The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) has observed bright spots at the transition region footpoints associated with heating in the overlying loops, as observed by coronal imagers. Some of these brightenings show significant blueshifts in the Si iv line at 1402.77 A (logT[K] = 4.9). Such blueshifts cannot be reproduced by coronal loop models assuming heating by thermal conduction only, but are consistent with electron beam heating, highlighting for the first time the possible importance of non-thermal electrons in the heating of non-flaring active regions. Here we report on the coronal counterparts of these brightenings observed in the hot channels of the Atmospheric Imaging Assem…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSun: activity Sun: corona Sun: UV radiation Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsElectron01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesmedicineAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsIris (anatomy)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSpectrographSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesLine (formation)PhysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsCoronal loopThermal conductionmedicine.anatomical_structureAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceCoronal planePhysics::Space PhysicsCathode rayAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
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Implementation of a comprehensive ice crystal formation parameterization for cirrus and mixed-phase clouds in the EMAC model (based on MESSy 2.53)

2018

A comprehensive ice nucleation parameterization has been implemented in the global chemistry-climate model EMAC to improve the representation of ice crystal number concentrations (ICNCs). The parameterization of Barahona and Nenes (2009, hereafter BN09) allows for the treatment of ice nucleation taking into account the competition for water vapour between homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation in cirrus clouds. Furthermore, the influence of chemically heterogeneous, polydisperse aerosols is considered by applying one of the multiple ice nucleating particle parameterizations which are included in BN09 to compute the heterogeneously formed ice crystals. BN09 has been modified in order to co…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesglobal climate modelNucleationMineral dustnucleation parameterizations010502 geochemistry & geophysicsAtmospheric sciences01 natural sciencesempirical parameterizationTroposphereinsoluble particlesddc:5500105 earth and related environmental sciencesmineral dustIce crystalssubmodel system messylcsh:QE1-996.5Northern Hemisphereatmospheric aerosollcsh:Geology13. Climate actionupper troposphereIce nucleusEnvironmental scienceCirrustransport sectorsWater vapordroplet number concentration
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Effects of cooking on mollusk shell structure and chemistry: Implications for archeology and paleoenvironmental reconstruction

2016

Mollusk shells excavated from archeological sites have been used to reconstruct paleoenvironment, human foraging, and migratory patterns. To retrieve information on past environment or human behavior, chemical signatures such as oxygen stable isotopes (δ18Oshell) are analyzed. Shell archeological remains usually represent food waste. Thermal treatments such as boiling and roasting may influence shell structure and biochemical composition. However, little is known about the relationship between changes at macro-, microstructural and chemical levels. This work is a calibration study on modern Phorcus (Osilinus) turbinatus shells. A simulation of two different cooking methods (boiling and roas…

010506 paleontologyArcheologybiologyStable isotope ratioScanning electron microscopechemistry.chemical_elementMineralogy010502 geochemistry & geophysicsbiology.organism_classification01 natural sciencesArchaeologyOxygenIridescencesymbols.namesakechemistryPhorcusBoilingsymbolsRaman spectroscopy0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRoastingJournal of Archaeological Science: Reports
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Revision of the genus Anasibirites Mojsisovics (Ammonoidea): An iconic and cosmopolitan taxon of the late Smithian (Early Triassic) extinction

2016

34 pages; International audience; The family Prionitidae Hyatt represents a major component of ammonoid faunas during the Smithian (Early Triassic), and the genus Anasibirites Mojsisovics is the most emblematic taxon of this family. Its stratigraphical range is restricted to the beginning of the late Smithian (Wasatchites distractus Zone). The genus is also characterized by an unusual cosmopolitan distribution, thus contrasting with most earlier Smithian ammonoid distributions that were typically restricted by latitude. Because the late Smithian witnessed an extinction of the nekton (e.g. ammonoids, conodonts) whose amplitude is equal to or larger than that of the end-Permian crisis, the nu…

010506 paleontologyFaunaAnasibiritesEarly Triassic10125 Paleontological Institute and Museum010502 geochemistry & geophysics[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomy01 natural sciencesTimorPaleontology0105 earth and related environmental sciences[ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/PaleontologyTaxonomybiologyPaleontologySpecies diversityAmmonoideabiology.organism_classification1911 Paleontology[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate ZoologyTaxon560 Fossils & prehistoric lifeintraspecific variationAnasibiritesCosmopolitan distributionTaxonomy (biology)late Smithian extinction[SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
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The ecogenetic link between demography and evolution: can we bridge the gap between theory and data?

2007

Calls to understand the links between ecology and evolution have been common for decades. Population dynamics, i.e. the demographic changes in populations, arise from life history decisions of individuals and thus are a product of selection, and selection, on the contrary, can be modified by such dynamical properties of the population as density and stability. It follows that generating predictions and testing them correctly requires considering this ecogenetic feedback loop whenever traits have demographic consequences, mediated via density dependence (or frequency dependence). This is not an easy challenge, and arguably theory has advanced at a greater pace than empirical research. Howeve…

0106 biological sciences*Ecosystemcomparative analysisdensity-dependent selectionEcology (disciplines)Frequency-dependent selectionPopulationPopulation DynamicsStability (learning theory)Biologylife history theory010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesecogeneticsLife history theory03 medical and health sciencesEmpirical researchAnimalsexperimental evolutionSelection GeneticeducationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsSelection (genetic algorithm)Ecosystem030304 developmental biology0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyEcologyEcologyBiological Evolutioneco-evolutionary feedback*Evolution*Selection (Genetics)frequency-dependent selectionEcology/*methodsEvolutionary ecologyEcology letters
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Citizen Science in the Natural Sciences

2021

AbstractThe natural sciences include the life and physical sciences and study nature through observing and understanding phenomena, testing hypotheses, and performing experiments. Key principles such as reliability, validity, objectivity, and predictability are achieved through transparent assumptions, methods, data, and interpretations as well as multidisciplinarity.In this chapter we present insights into the genesis of citizen science in the natural sciences and reflect on the intellectual history of the natural sciences in relation to citizen science today. Further, we consider the current scientific approaches and achievements of natural science projects, which are applying citizen sci…

0106 biological sciences010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesComputer scienceManagement scienceTheoretical research010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesEmpirical researchMultidisciplinary approachCitizen scienceNatural sciencePredictabilityObjectivity (science)Reliability (statistics)0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Heteroptera of Lebanon. II.Phytocoris(Exophytocoris)RaunolinnavuoriiSp. Nov. from the Horsh Ehden Nature Reserve and Adjacent Areas (Hemiptera: Heter…

2016

Abstract A new species of Phytocoris (Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae: Mirini), P. (Exophytocoris) raunolinnavuorii sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Lebanon. The new species, easily distinguished from all the other species of the subgenus by its coloration and male genitalia, belongs to the Phytocoris pinihalepensis-group. The new species lives on the conifers Abies cilicica (Antoine & Kotschy) Carriere (Pinaceae) and Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb. (Cupressaceae).

0106 biological sciences010506 paleontologyfood.ingredientPhytocorisbiologyHeteroptera010607 zoologybiology.organism_classification01 natural sciencesHemipteraMiridaefoodPinaceaeInsect ScienceBotanySubgenusJuniperus excelsa0105 earth and related environmental sciencesAbies cilicicaEntomologica Americana
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