Search results for "IRRIGATION"
showing 10 items of 342 documents
Verification of IRRILAB Software Application for the Hydraulic Design of a Micro-Irrigation System by Using IRRIPRO for an Apple Farm in Sicily
2021
In recent years, many studies have been performed to develop simple and accurate methods to design micro-irrigation systems. However, most of these studies are based on numerical solutions that require a high number of iterations and attempts, without ensuring to maximize water use efficiency and energy-saving. Recently, the IRRILAB software, which is based on an analytical approach to optimally design rectangular micro-irrigation units, has been developed, providing the solution corresponding to the maximum energy-saving condition, for any slope of the laterals and of the manifold. One IRRILAB limitation is that, according to its theoretical basis, the rectangular planform geometry and uni…
Randomized clinical trial of prophylactic transanal irrigation versus supportive therapy to prevent symptoms of low anterior resection syndrome after…
2019
Background Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a frequent problem after rectal resection. Transanal irrigation (TAI) has been suggested as an effective treatment in patients who have developed LARS. This prospective RCT was undertaken to evaluate the effect of TAI as a prophylactic treatment to prevent symptoms of LARS. Methods Patients who had undergone ultralow rectal resection were randomized to start TAI on a daily basis, or to serve as a control with supportive therapy only after ileostomy closure. All patients were seen after 1 week, 1 month and 3 months, and the maximum number of defaecation episodes per day and night documented during follow-up. Wexner score, LARS score and Sh…
The effect of passive ultrasonic activation of 2% chlorhexidine or 3% sodium hypochlorite in canal wall cleaning.
2014
Objectives: the purpose of this study was to compare debris removal and open tubules effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX) applied as final irrigation in different protocols Study Design: sixty extracted premolars were divided into six groups according to the final irrigation technique: A and B 3 % NaOCl or 2 % CHX with the Miraject needle and no agitation; C and D, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) with Irrisafe 20 tips and 3 % NaOCl or 2 % CHX; E and F, PUI with Irrisafe 25 tips and 3 % NaOCl or 2% CHX. The remaining dentine debris and opened tubules were evaluated by SEM at three root levels by two blinded investigators. The Kruskal Wallis and the Mann-Wh…
Review of ultrasonic irrigation in endodontics: increasing action of irrigating solutions
2011
Introduction: Effective irrigant delivery and agitation are prerequisites for successful endodontic treatment. Ultrasonic irrigation can be performed with or without simultaneous ultrasonic instrumentation. Existing literature reveals that ultrasonic irrigation may have a very positive effect on chemical, biological and physical debridement of the root canal system as investigated in many in vitro studies. Objective: The purpose of this review article was to summarize and discuss the available information concerning ultrasonic irrigation in endodontics. Methods: This article presents an overview of ultrasonic irrigation methods and their debridement efficacy. In this paper the relevant lite…
Temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis. Review of the literature.
2011
The treatment of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is still controversial. TMJ arthrocentesis represents a form of minimally invasive surgical treatment in patients suffering from internal derangement of the TMJ, especially closed lock. It consists of washing the joint with the possibility of depositing a drug or other therapeutic substance. Resolution of symptoms is due to the removal of chemical inflammatory mediators and changes in intra-articular pressure. Numerous clinical studies regarding this technique have been published. The goal of this paper is to review all clinical articles that have been published with regard to the critique of this technique. 19 articles with different desig…
Minor Losses and Best Manifold Position in the Optimal Design of Paired Sloped Drip Laterals
2018
Arranging paired laterals so that two distribution pipes extend in opposite directions from a common manifold contributes to providing more uniform pressure to all laterals in the system, increasing water use and energy efficiency of micro-irrigation. Towards this end, by neglecting emitters’ minor losses, analytical procedures to design paired drip laterals laid on uniform slopes were introduced. More recently, it was shown that for an optimal paired sloped lateral design the best position of the manifold (BMP) equals 24%. In this paper, first the mentioned analytical procedure is extended to the case in which minor losses are considered. Second, by neglecting minor losses, a comparison in…
Technical English for agriculture
2021
As the world goes global, the agricultural business needs to move across frontiers and oceans. Food, raw and processed, is regularly transported across continents. As space is no longer a limit for food trade and human nutrition, language cannot represent a barrier to this continuous exchange. In the last 60 years, English has been taking a foothold as the primary language for world trade and the exchange of agricultural goods is no exception. Agricultural sciences embrace a large number of disciplines, from botany to environmental physiology, from soil science to meteorology, from plant propagation to cultural management, from soil management to pest control, from field crops to animal husb…
Root hydraulic conductivity in three self-rooted and grafted table grape cultivars
2012
<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: Root hydraulic conductivity is one of the main factors that control water flow in the soil-plant system and ultimately affect crop irrigation requirements. This work sets out to estimate root water conductivity for three self-rooted or grafted table grape cultivars.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: We evaluated root water conductivity of the cultivars ‘Black Magic’, ‘Matilde’ and ‘Victoria’ grafted onto 1103 Paulsen rootstock or self-rooted. Measurements were performed on two-year-old table grapes grown in pots filled with pumice. Root water conductivity wa…
Assessing HYDRUS-2D model to simulate water content and salt accumulation in a soil irrigated with a subsurface drip system: Application in a semiari…
2015
In this paper, the suitability of HYDRUS-2D model to predict the average soil water content in the root zone of potato crop irrigated with subsurface drip irrigation plant, is initially assessed on the basis of a field study. Then, the model is tested to predict the salt distribution around a buried emitter, when two different water qualities (i.e. electrical conductivity of 1.0 dS m-1 and 4.0 dS m-1), are used during the growing season (treatments T1 and T2). Finally, the soil volume in which salts accumulates, as well as the effects on crop yield is recognized for both the considered treatments.The results evidenced that predicted values of average soil water content in the root zone were…
Advanced Management Protocol of Transanal Irrigation in Order to Improve the Outcome of Pediatric Patients with Fecal Incontinence
2021
Background: Transanal irrigation (TAI) is employed for children with fecal incontinence, but it can present several problems which require a study of their outcomes among different pathologies and without a tailored work up. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an advanced protocol in order to tailor TAI, prevent complications, and evaluate outcomes. Methods: We included 70 patients (14 anorectal malformation, 12 Hirschsprung’s disease, 24 neurological impairment, 20 functional incontinence) submitted to a comprehensive protocol with Peristeen®: fecal score, volumetric enema, rectal ultrasound, anorectal 3D manometry, and diary for testing and parameter adjustment. Resu…