Search results for "ISMU"
showing 10 items of 685 documents
Comparison of Diffusion MRI Acquisition Protocols for the In Vivo Characterization of the Mouse Spinal Cord: Variability Analysis and Application to …
2016
Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) has relevant applications in the microstructural characterization of the spinal cord, especially in neurodegenerative diseases. Animal models have a pivotal role in the study of such diseases; however, in vivo spinal dMRI of small animals entails additional challenges that require a systematical investigation of acquisition parameters. The purpose of this study is to compare three acquisition protocols and identify the scanning parameters allowing a robust estimation of the main diffusion quantities and a good sensitivity to neurodegeneration in the mouse spinal cord. For all the protocols, the signal-to-noise and contrast-to noise ratios…
Cordycepin protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo and in vitro.
2011
Cordycepin, (3'-deoxyadenosine), a bioactive compound of Cordyceps militaris, has been shown to exhibit many pharmacological actions, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anticancer activities. Little is known about the neuroprotective action of cordycepin as well as its molecular mechanisms. In this study, cordycepin was investigated for its neuroprotective potential in mice with ischemia following 15 min of the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and 4h of reperfusion. The effect of cordycepin was also studied in mice brain slices treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) injury. Our results showed that cordycepin was able to prevent postischemic neuronal degeneration an…
Calcium overload increases oxidative stress in old rat gastrocnemius muscle
2005
International audience; In order to challenge in vivo muscle Ca2+ homeostasis and analyze consequences on mitochondrial H2O2 release (MHR) and sarcopenia, we injected Ca2+ ionophore A23187 (200 µg/kg, ip) in adult and old rats and measured gastrocnemius mass and mitochondrial Ca2+ content (MCC) using radioactive Ca2+ 48 h after injection. In a second experiment performed in old rats, we measured isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) activity as an index of MCC, MHR, mitochondrial respiration, citrate synthase, COX and antioxydant enzyme activities 24 h after a 150 µg/kg injection. In adult rats, muscle mass and MCC were unchanged by A23187. In old rats, MCC increased 24 h after injection as refle…
Different impacts of cardiovascular risk factors on oxidative stress.
2011
The objective of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress (OS) status in subjects with different cardiovascular risk factors. With this in mind, we have studied three models of high cardiovascular risk: hypertension (HT) with and without metabolic syndrome, familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) with and without insulin resistance. Oxidative stress markers (oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio, 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehide) together with the activity of antioxidant enzyme triad (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and activation of both pro-oxidant enzyme (NAPDH oxidase components) and AGTR1 genes, as well as antioxidant…
Enzyme polymorphisms and haemoglobin variants in Greeks
1975
Several enzyme polymorphisms and hemoglobin variants were typed in a sample of n = 219 non-related Greek blood-donors. The following gene frequencies were observed: pa = 0.201, pb = 0.701, pc = 0.098;PGDA = 0.985, PGDc = 0.015; AK1 = 0.942, AK2 = 0.058; HbA = 0.988, HbS = 0.012. No polymorphic variation was seen in LDH, s-MDH, PHI, or SOD. The population genetical aspects of these results are discussed.
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) activation in the rat hippocampus
2019
AbstractRecently we found that acute treatment with Oxotremorine (Oxo), a non-selective mAChRs agonist, up-regulates heat shock proteins and activates their transcription factor heat shock factor 1 in the rat hippocampus. Here we aimed to investigate: a) if acute treatment with Oxo may regulate pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus; b) if chronic restraint stress (CRS) induces inflammatory or oxidative alterations in the hippocampus and whether such alterations may be affected by chronic treatment with Oxo. In the acute experiment, rats were injected with single dose of Oxo (0.4 mg/kg) and sacrificed at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. In the CRS ex…
The superoxide anion is involved in the induction of long-term potentiation in the rat somatosensory cortex in vitro.
2004
Abstract The involvement of the superoxide anion (O2−) in the induction of neocortical long-term potentiation (LTP) was examined in rat brain slices containing the primary somatosensory cortex. Field potentials evoked by stimulation in cortical layer IV were recorded from layer II/III. In control experiments, tetanic high-frequency stimulation (HFS) resulted in essentially input-specific, NMDA receptor-dependent LTP (20.2±3.0% increase in field potential amplitude). When the availability of intracellular O2− was reduced by application of the cell membrane-permeable O2− scavengers MnTBAP or CP-H (spin trap), HFS-induced LTP was attenuated to 12.0±1.7% and 8.7±3.1% increase, respectively. In …
Significant in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of Pytren4Q-Mn a superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) mimetic scorpiand-like Mn (II) complex.
2015
Background The clinical use of purified SOD enzymes has strong limitations due to their large molecular size, high production cost and immunogenicity. These limitations could be compensated by using instead synthetic SOD mimetic compounds of low molecular weight. Background/Methodology We have recently reported that two SOD mimetic compounds, the MnII complexes of the polyamines Pytren2Q and Pytren4Q, displayed high antioxidant activity in bacteria and yeast. Since frequently molecules with antioxidant properties or free-radical scavengers also have anti-inflammatory properties we have assessed the anti-inflammatory potential of Pytren2Q and Pytren4Q MnII complexes, in cultured macrophages …
Multi-step metabolic activation of benzene. Effect of superoxide dismutase on covalent binding to microsomal macromolecules, and identification of gl…
1980
Abstract Incubation of [ 14 C]benzene or [ 14 C]phenol with liver microsomes from untreated rats, in the presence of a NADPH-generating system, gave rise to irreversible binding of metabolites to microsomal macromolecules. For both substrates this binding was inhibited by more than 50% by addition of superoxide dismutase to the incubation mixtures. The decrease in binding was compensated for by accumulation of [ 14 C]hydroquinone, indicating superoxide-mediated oxidation of hydroquinone as one step in the activation of benzene to metabolites binding to microsomal macromolecules. Since our previous work had shown that binding occurred mainly with protein rather than ribonucleic acid and was …
Estimation of the prevalence and incidence of motor neuron diseases in two Spanish regions: Catalonia and Valencia
2021
AbstractAccording to the degree of upper and lower motor neuron degeneration, motor neuron diseases (MND) can be categorized into amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) or progressive muscular atrophy (PMA). Although several studies have addressed the prevalence and incidence of ALS, there is a high heterogeneity in their results. Besides this, neither concept has been previously studied in PLS or PMA. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence of MND, (distinguishing ALS, PLS and PMA), in the Spanish regions of Catalonia and Valencia in the period 2011–2019. Two population-based Spanish cohorts were used, one from Catalonia …