Search results for "ITRACONAZOLE"
showing 10 items of 32 documents
Primary prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections with posaconazole or itraconazole in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia or high-risk myelodyspla…
2017
This is an observational-retrospective study comparing the real-world outcomes associated with posaconazole vs. itraconazole as prophylaxis treatments. Two hundred and ninety-three patient admissions attributable to 174 patients were included in the study. Patients were treated with itraconazole (n = 114 admissions; 39%) or posaconazole (n = 179; 61%). Antifungal prophylaxis failure (APF) due to treatment-related adverse events (in 34 out of 293 patient admissions; 11.6%) was more frequent in the posaconazole group (6.1% vs. 15.1%; P = 0.024). There were 9 patient admissions for episodes of APF due to probable/proven breakthrough fungal infection (primary endpoint): 6 and 3 in the itraconaz…
Prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies and solid tumors
2003
Morbidity and mortality in patients with malignancies, especially leukemia and lymphoma, are increased by invasive fungal infections. Since diagnosis of invasive fungal infection is often delayed, antifungal prophylaxis is an attractive approach for patients expecting prolonged neutropenia. Antifungal prophylaxis has obviously attracted much interest resulting in dozens of clinical trials since the late 1970s. The non-absorbable polyenes are probably ineffective in preventing invasive fungal infections, but may reduce superficial mycoses. Intravenous amphotericin B and the newer azoles were used in clinical trials, but their role in antifungal prophylaxis is still not well defined. Allogene…
Economic evaluation of azoles as primary prophylaxis for the prevention of invasive fungal infections in Spanish patients undergoing allogeneic haema…
2016
Patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) are at risk of developing invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Even with introduction of oral triazole antifungal agents (fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole) IFI-associated morbidity and mortality rates and economic burden remain high. Despite their proven efficacy, it is currently unknown which is the most cost-effective antifungal prophylaxis (AFP) agent. To determine the costs and outcomes associated with AFP, a decision-analytic model was used to simulate treatment in a hypothetical cohort of 1000 patients undergoing alloHSCT from the perspective of the Spanish National Health System. …
Efficacy of caspofungin and itraconazole as secondary antifungal prophylaxis: analysis of data from a multinational case registry
2009
Patients surviving invasive fungal disease (IFD) and needing further antineoplastic chemotherapy are at high risk of recurrent fungal infection. In the absence of randomised controlled trials in this area, secondary prophylactic regimens are diverse. From 448 patients registered with the Multinational Case Registry of Secondary Antifungal Prophylaxis, we performed an analysis of patients receiving caspofungin (CAS) or itraconazole (ITC). All patients had an underlying haematological malignancy and had been diagnosed with an episode of IFD earlier in their course of treatment. Data collected comprised demographics, underlying disease, first episode of IFD, antifungal prophylaxis, incidence a…
Topical Antibiotic, Antifungal, and Antiseptic Solutions Decrease Ciliary Activity in Nasal Respiratory Cells
2002
This study was designed to investigate whether topical solutions, as they are used in the treatment of selected cases of rhinosinusitis, influence nasal mucociliary clearance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the following topical solutions on the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of nasal respiratory cells: ofloxacin as an antibiotic; Betadine and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as antiseptic; and amphotericin B, itraconazole, and clotrimazole as antifungal solutions. Differences are described between effects of each of these substances and we clarify whether ciliotoxic effects are dose dependent and if they can be reduced or eliminated by diluting the concentration of the a…
Impact of antifungal prophylaxis on colonization and azole susceptibility of Candida species.
2009
ABSTRACT Two large studies compared posaconazole and fluconazole or itraconazole for prophylaxis in subjects undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or subjects with acute myelogenous leukemia. To assess the impact of prophylaxis on colonization and the development of resistance in Saccharomyces yeasts, identification and susceptibility testing were performed with yeasts cultured at regular intervals from mouth, throat, and stool samples. Prior to therapy, 34 to 50% of the subjects were colonized with yeasts. For all three drugs, the number of positive Candida albicans cultures decreased during drug therapy. In contrast, the proportion of subjects with positive C. glab…
Genotyping and antifungal susceptibility of human subgingival Candida albicans isolates.
2002
Subgingival colonization by Candida albicans has been described in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, but subgingival isolates have scarcely been characterized, particularly with respect to genotype and antifungal susceptibility. A series of 29 subgingival strains of C. albicans isolated from nine HIV-infected individuals was typed by electrophoretic karyotyping and tested for susceptibility to fluconazole, itraconazole, the new investigational triazole posaconazole and amphotericin B. DNA typing showed genetic heterogeneity within subgingival isolates, as almost every individual harbored his/her own specific isolate. Genetic identity was usually demonstrated within or…
Voriconazole versus itraconazole for antifungal prophylaxis following allogeneic haematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation
2011
Antifungal prophylaxis for allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplant (alloHCT) recipients should prevent invasive mould and yeast infections (IFIs) and be well tolerated. This prospective, randomized, open-label, multicentre study compared the efficacy and safety of voriconazole (234 patients) versus itraconazole (255 patients) in alloHCT recipients. The primary composite endpoint, success of prophylaxis, incorporated ability to tolerate study drug for ≥100 d (with ≤14 d interruption) with survival to day 180 without proven/probable IFI. Success of prophylaxis was significantly higher with voriconazole than itraconazole (48·7% vs. 33·2%, P 10%) treatment-related adverse events were vom…
German randomized double-blind multicentre comparison of terbinafine and itraconazole for the treatment of toenail tinea infection
1996
Summary One–hundred and ninety–five patients with toenail tinea unguium were recruited to a multicentre double–blind clinical trial. Patients were given 250mg terbinafine or 200 mg itraconazole daily for 12 weeks, with follow–up for a further 40 weeks. At the end of the study, mycological cure rates were 81% (70/86 assessed) for terbinafine and 63% (53/84 assessed) for itraconazole (two–tailed, P < 0·05). The length of unaffected nail was 9·44 mm in the terbinafine group and 7·85 mm in the itraconazole group (two–tailed, P < 0·05). Patient self–assessment also favoured terbinafine, with 65% evaluating it as good to very good, compared with 58% for itraconazole. Before treatment the terbinaf…
Non-chemotherapy drug-induced agranulocytosis in a tertiary hospital
2015
Drug-induced agranulocytosis is a rare haematological disorder considered as severe adverse drug reaction. Due to its low incidence, the number of studies are low and the variability of clinical features and presentation in hospitalized patients is rarely described. Awe performed an observational, transversal and retrospective study in the haematology and toxicology unit in a tertiary hospital located in Spain (Valencia) (1996–2010) in order to assess its incidence, the drugs involved, the management and outcomes of drug-induced agranulocytosis. Twenty-one cases of agranulocytosis were retrieved. All of them presented severe and symptomatic agranulocytosis (fever and infection). The most c…