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showing 10 items of 3539 documents

New Results on High-Resolution 3-D CZT Drift Strip Detectors

2020

Intense research activities have been carry out in the development of room temperature gamma ray spectroscopic imagers, aiming to compete with the excellent energy resolution of high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors (0.3 % FWHM at 662 keV) obtained after cryogenic cooling. Cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) detectors equipped with pixel, strip and virtual Frisch-grid electrode structures represented an appealing solution for room temperature measurements. In this work, we present the performance of new high-resolution CZT drift strip detectors (19.4 x 19.4 x 6 mm3), recently fabricated at IMEM-CNR of Parma (Italy) in collaboration with due2lab company (Reggio Emilia, Italy). The detectors, worki…

Materials scienceX-ray and gamma ray detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleGamma raychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumCZT detectorTemperature measurementCathodeSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Semiconductor detectorlaw.inventionAnodeOpticsPlanarchemistrylawbusiness
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Dark-Line Atomic Resonances in Micrometric Rb-Vapor Layer

2007

We present measurements of dark-line resonances excited in Rb atomic vapor confined in micrometric cells (MC). In our work, the Lambda-systems on D2 line of 85Rb have been studied with the use of bi-chromatic radiation of two separate narrowband diode lasers.

Materials science[ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Electromagnetically induced transparencychemistry.chemical_element01 natural sciencesRubidiumlaw.inventionSemiconductor laser theory010309 opticsAtomic layer depositionOptics[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]law0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsµTC[PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Line (formation)business.industryResonanceLaserAtomic ResonancechemistryExcited stateAtomic physicsbusiness
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Design and operation of CMOS-compatible electron pumps fabricated with optical lithography

2017

We report CMOS-compatible quantized current sources (electron pumps) fabricated with nanowires (NWs) on 300mm SOI wafers. Unlike other Al, GaAs or Si based metallic or semiconductor pumps, the fabrication does not rely on electron-beam lithography. The structure consists of two gates in series on the nanowire and the only difference with the SOI nanowire process lies in long (40nm) nitride spacers. As a result a single, silicide island gets isolated between the gates and transport is dominated by Coulomb blockade at cryogenic temperatures thanks to the small size and therefore capacitance of this island. Operation and performances comparable to devices fabricated using e-beam lithography is…

Materials science[SPI.NANO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsNanowireSilicon on insulatorPhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesCapacitancelaw.inventionOptical pumpingCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencelaw0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Electrical and Electronic Engineering[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]010306 general physicsLithographyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industryCoulomb blockade021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsComputer Science::OtherCMOSOptoelectronicsPhotolithography0210 nano-technologybusiness[PHYS.COND] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]
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Impact of Gamma Radiation on Dynamic RDSON Characteristics in AlGaN/GaN Power HEMTs

2019

GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) are promising next-generation devices in the power electronics field which can coexist with silicon semiconductors, mainly in some radiation-intensive environments, such as power space converters, where high frequencies and voltages are also needed. Its wide band gap (WBG), large breakdown electric field, and thermal stability improve actual silicon performances. However, at the moment, GaN HEMT technology suffers from some reliability issues, one of the more relevant of which is the dynamic on-state resistance (R) regarding power switching converter applications. In this study, we focused on the drain-to-source on-resistance (R) characteristic…

Materials scienceassurance testingRadiation effects02 engineering and technologyHigh-electron-mobility transistorradiation hardness01 natural scienceslcsh:Technologylaw.inventiontotal ionizing dose (TID)lawPower electronics0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials Sciencelcsh:MicroscopyHigh-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT)Radiation hardeningLeakage (electronics)lcsh:QC120-168.85010302 applied physicsRadiation hardnessAssurance testinghigh-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT)lcsh:QH201-278.5business.industrylcsh:TTransistorWide-bandgap semiconductor021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThreshold voltageSemiconductorlcsh:TA1-2040Gallium nitride (GaN)adiation effectsradiation effectsOptoelectronicslcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTotal ionizing dosegallium nitride (GaN)0210 nano-technologybusinesslcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:TK1-9971Materials
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A model of biomass char gasification describing the change in catalytic activity of ash

2012

A comprehensive description of catalytic effects during char gasification under various conditions relevant to biomass gasification was made. A three-parallel reaction model was proposed to describe the dynamic change in catalytic activity of ash during gasification of biomass char particles. Three different regimes of conversion were identified by analyzing char reactivity experiments conducted in a vertical TGA with nine biomasses under a wide range of operating conditions (temperature: 1023–1123 K, pressure: 0.1–3.0 MPa and gasification mixtures of CO2–CO–H2O–H2): (1) catalytic char gasification with deactivation of catalyst, (2) non-catalytic char gasification, and (3) catalytic char ga…

Materials sciencebiomassWaste managementGeneral Chemical EngineeringsiliconBiomassmodelingGeneral ChemistryAlkali and alkaline earth metalsEnergy engineeringIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringCatalysisChemical engineeringBioenergyScientific methodEnvironmental ChemistryReactivity (chemistry)Charchar gasificationEnergy sourceta116catalystChemical Engineering Journal
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Semiconductor-metal transitions in liquidIn100−xSexalloys: A concentration-induced transition

2004

The electronic and structural properties of ${\mathrm{In}}_{100\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Se}}_{x}$ liquid alloys close to their melting points have been investigated by combining x-ray-absorption experiments with ab initio molecular-dynamics simulations. Extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure data have been acquired at both the In and Se K edges in a large concentration range $(x=20%$ to $x=50%$ of Se content). Ab initio molecular-dynamics simulations have been carried out at the two most extreme concentrations explored experimentally. Liquid InSe is found to retain a semiconducting behavior which results from a low-dimensional structure, reminiscent of that of the ambient solid phase, cha…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryAb initioLiquid alloyCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMetalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographySemiconductorvisual_artPhase (matter)Content (measure theory)Melting pointvisual_art.visual_art_mediumTetrahedronbusinessPhysical Review B
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Epitaxial thin films of intermetallic compounds

2002

Publisher Summary The potential of epitaxial thin films of intermetallic compounds in basic and applied research is emerging. Although the growth of semiconductor heterostructures and compounds based on molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and related methods has come through a 30-year history of ongoing refinement and sophistication, still much has to be learned concerning the growth and characterization of even moderately complex metallic thin film structures. MBE represents a well-defined crystallization technique based on the reactions among molecular or atomic beams of the constituent elements on a substrate or template at elevated temperatures in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) environment. Owing t…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryAlloyIntermetallicNanotechnologySubstrate (electronics)engineering.materialEpitaxySemiconductorElectron diffractionengineeringOptoelectronicsThin filmbusinessMolecular beam epitaxy
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Ab initio study of the mechanical and electronic properties of scheelite-type XWO4(X = Ca, Sr, Ba) compounds

2017

The structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of scheelite-type CaWO4, SrWO4, and BaWO4 have been investigated using density-functional theory (DFT) within the generalized-gradient approximation (GGA). In particular, we have studied the effect of pressure in the crystal structure, elastic constants [Formula: see text], elastic moduli ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]), and elastic anisotropy. We have also investigated the band structure of the three studied compounds and the effect of pressure in their electronic bandgap. The obtained results compare well with experimental results regarding the high-pressure (HP) behavior of the crystal structure. Th…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryBand gapAb initioThermodynamicsStatistical and Nonlinear Physics02 engineering and technologyCrystal structure021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundSemiconductorchemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsScheelite0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologybusinessElectronic band structureElastic modulusInternational Journal of Modern Physics B
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I-II-V half-Heusler compounds for optoelectronics:Ab initiocalculations

2010

Half-Heusler compounds $XYZ$ crystallize in the space group $F\overline{4}3m$ and can be viewed as a zinc-blende-like ${(YZ)}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ lattice partially filled with He-like ${X}^{+}$ interstitials. In this work, we investigated I-II-V (eight-electrons) half-Heusler compounds by first-principles calculations in order to find suitable semiconductors for optoelectronics such as Cd-free buffer layer materials for chalcopyrite-based thin-film solar-cell devices. We report a systematic examination of band gaps and lattice parameters, depending on the electronegativities and the ion radii of the involved elements. Half-Heusler buffer materials should have a band gap of more than 2 eV to a…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryBand gapCrystal structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonElectronegativityLattice constantSemiconductorAb initio quantum chemistry methodsLattice (order)OptoelectronicsbusinessPhysical Review B
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Effect of Charge Transfer in Magnetic-Plasmonic Au@MOx (M = Mn, Fe) Heterodimers on the Kinetics of Nanocrystal Formation

2015

Heteronanoparticles represent a new class of nanomaterials exhibiting multifunctional and collective properties, which could find applications in medical imaging and therapy, catalysis, photovoltaics, and electronics. This present work demonstrates the intrinsic heteroepitaxial linkage in heterodimer nanoparticles to enable interaction of the individual components across their interface. It revealed distinct differences between Au@MnO and Au@Fe3O4 regarding the synthetic procedure and growth kinetics, as well as the properties to be altered by the variation of the electronic structure of the metal oxides. The chemically related metal oxides differ concerning their band gap; while MnO is a M…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryBand gapGeneral Chemical EngineeringNanoparticleNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureSemimetalNanomaterialsMetalSemiconductorNanocrystalChemical physicsvisual_artMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumbusinessChemistry of Materials
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