Search results for "Idrologia"

Calcul des contributions des incertitudes dans un modèle complexe de qualité de l'eau

2010

The quantification of uncertainty in integrated urban drainage water quality models is of paramount interest. Indeed, the assessment of the reliability of the model results for complex water quality models is useful for understanding the significance of the results. However, the state of knowledge regarding uncertainties in urban drainage models is poor. In the case of integrated urban drainage water quality models, due to the fact that integrated approaches are basically a cascade of sub-models (simulating sewer system, wastewater treatment plant and receiving water body), the uncertainty produced in one sub-model propagates to the following ones depending on the model structure, the estim…

Forest accessibility, Madonie mountains (northern Sicily, Italy): implementing a GIS decision support system

2021

Valorisation and sustainable exploitation of woody biomass from cultivation interventions might be an important opportunity to track alternative development trails for rural communities in natural protected areas. The governance of Mediterranean protected areas is characterized by overlapping, sometimes conflicting institutions, stakeholders and regulations, causing negative impacts on decision-making processes. We present an open source GIS-based decision support system tool for mapping forest accessibility and optimizing woody biomass extraction. Two models were implemented to support forest managers during the decision-making process in designing and managing wood-energy supply chains. T…

Coupling two radar backscattering models to assess soil roughness and surface water content at farm scale

2013

Remote sensing techniques are useful for agro-hydrological monitoring at the farm scale because the availability of spatially and temporally distributed data improves agricultural models for irrigation and crop yield optimization under water scarcity conditions. This research focuses on the surface water content retrieval using active microwave data. Two semi-empirical models were chosen as these showed the best performances in simulating cross and co-polarized backscatter. Thus, these models were coupled to obtain reliable assessments of both soil water content and soil roughness. The use of the coupled model enables one to avoid using roughness measured in situ. Remote sensing images and …

Diachronic analysis of the shoreline in San Leone beach (Agrigento-Sicily)

2015

In the last century the Italian coasts and the Sicilian ones, suffered of a radical transformation due to a large population increase. The coastal areas settlements is related to the growth of the industrial activities, the development of tourism and the associated expansion of the road network. The development of these activities, have encouraged the rapid growth of populated areas without adequate urban planning and environmental criteria. In many cases, private houses, hotels, roads or railways covered or occupied entire coastal areas, such as destroying several kilometers of backshore dune systems. In addition, the construction or expansion of ports and fishing marinas effected the natu…

Modellazione in continuo dell’umidità del suolo e dell’evapotraspirazione effettiva mediante l’uso di un modello accoppiato energetico/idrologico

2010

Un confronto tra stime di evapotraspirazione effettiva basate su dati telerilevati in sistemi agricoli e condizioni di stress idrico

2010

On the use of LSPIV-based free software programs for the monitoring of river: testing the PIVlab and the FUDAA-LSPIV with synthetic and real image se…

2020

<p>The development of new image-based techniques is allowing a radical change in the environmental monitoring field. The fundamental characteristics of these methods are related to the possibility of obtaining non-intrusive measurements even in adverse circumstances, such as high flow conditions, which may seriously threaten the operators’ safety conditions in traditional approaches.</p><p>Optical techniques, based on the acquisition, analysis and elaboration of sequences of images acquired by digital cameras, are aimed at a complete characterization of the river instantaneous surface velocity field, through the analysis of a floating…

The role of hydrology on enhanced weathering for carbon sequestration II. From hydroclimatic scenarios to carbon-sequestration efficiencies

2021

Abstract Enhanced weathering (EW) scenarios are analyzed using the model presented in Cipolla et al. (2020). We explore the role of different hydroclimatic forcing on carbon-sequestration efficiencies. We also investigate whether increasing soil carbon content improves weathering conditions. We link olivine weathering rates to pH variations and quantify the suitability of hydroclimatic regimes to EW, based on rainfall intensity and frequency. The results show that the amount of CO 2 reacting with olivine and ending up in solution in the form of HCO 3 − and CO 3 2 − increases with mean annual precipitation (MAP) up to 2000 mm, but then tapers off for higher MAPs. On the contrary, the sequest…

Influence of temperature on extreme rainfall intensity in Sicily (Italy)

2018

Some climate model experiments suggest an intensification of short-duration extreme precipitation in many parts of the world associated with a warming climate. This behavior could have a physical motivation due to the fact that warmer air has the potential to hold more atmospheric moisture and, then, to provide more water to rainfall events. The theoretical basis of the relationship that links air temperature and atmospheric humidity is provided by the Clausius-Clapeyron relation, according to which, if the relative humidity remains constant, then atmospheric humidity will increase with temperature at a rate (often referred to as CC-rate) in the order of 6-7% °C-1, following the saturation …

Investigating the Reliability of Stationary Design Rainfall in a Mediterranean Region under a Changing Climate

2023

Extreme rainfall events have been more frequent in recent decades, potentially as a climate change effect. This has been leading to a higher risk of the failure of existing hydraulic infrastructures, and to a higher awareness regarding the unreliability of design rainfall calculated with reference to historical data recorded in the last century. With this in mind, the present study questions the stationary assumption of the rainfall Depth–Duration–Frequency curves commonly used in Sicily, the biggest island of the Mediterranean Sea. Quantiles derived from the most up-to-date regional method, regarding Sicily, based on observations in the period 1928–2010, have been compared with those extra…