Search results for "Ilmastonmuutokset"

Justice in and to nature : an application of the broad framework of environmental and ecological justice

2017

This dissertation applies and develops the broad framework of environmental and ecological justice. It is a new relational approach to justice, whose elements have been introduced by David Schlosberg in his works on environmental and ecological justice. The present study provides a systematisation of the framework and applies it to contemporary environmental topics using the methods of conceptual analysis and case-implication critique. The main outcome of this study is that the elements comprising the broad framework of environmental and ecological justice provide fresh and useful insights into topics like species extinctions and ecosystem wellbeing. In particular, the holistic and conflict…

Warming temperatures and ectoparasitic sea lice impair internal organs in juvenile Atlantic salmon

2021

As a consequence of climate change and open net-pen salmon farming, wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar are increasingly likely to encounter elevated temperatures and parasite abundances during their early marine migration. Such stressors can compromise fitness by diminishing liver energy stores and impairing cardiac muscle. To assess whether temperature and infestation by salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis are important correlates of liver energy stores and cardiac muscle performance in juvenile salmon, we experimentally infested fish at 3 abundances of louse infestation (zero, low, and high) and 5 temperatures (10, 13, 16, 19, and 22°C). At the end of the experiment (i.e. when sea lice reac…

Bean goose migration shows a long-term temporal shift to earlier spring, but not to later autumn migration in Finland

2023

Ilmastonmuutos vaatii eliöitä mukauttamaan perinnöllisiä tai opittuja käyttäytymismallejaan muuttuviin ympäristöolosuhteisiin. Erityisen alttiita muutoksille voi olla erilaisten habitaattien välillä muuttavat linnut, joiden selviytyminen on yhteydessä muuton onnistuneeseen ajoittamiseen. Tässä tutkimuksessa käytimme metsähanhesta (Anser fabalis) avoimeen lintutietopalveluun, Tiiraan (tiira.fi – BirdLife Suomi), kerättyjä havaintoja selvittääksemme, onko lajin muuton ajoituksessa tapahtunut muutosta viimeisten 40 vuoden aikana. Lisäksi selvitimme ajoituksen yhteyttä muuton aikaiseen suursäätilaan käyttämällä Pohjois-Atlantin suursäätilaa kuvaavaa NAO-indeksiä. Tutkitulla ajanjaksolla 1978–20…

Potential for adaptation to climate change: family-level variation in fitness-related traits and their responses to heat waves in a snail population.

2017

Background On-going global climate change poses a serious threat for natural populations unless they are able to evolutionarily adapt to changing environmental conditions (e.g. increasing average temperatures, occurrence of extreme weather events). A prerequisite for evolutionary change is within-population heritable genetic variation in traits subject to selection. In relation to climate change, mainly phenological traits as well as heat and desiccation resistance have been examined for such variation. Therefore, it is important to investigate adaptive potential under climate change conditions across a broader range of traits. This is especially true for life-history traits and defences ag…

Climate change and reindeer management in Finland : Co-analysis of practitioner knowledge and meteorological data for better adaptation

2020

We studied interannual variability and changes over time in selected climate indices in the reindeer management area (RMA) in northern Finland. We present together the knowledge possessed by reindeer herders with information from meteorological measurements over three decades. The practitioner knowledge was gathered via a survey questionnaire addressing herder observations of long-term changes (approximately during the past 30 years) in climatic conditions and their impacts on herding during the four seasons. A set of temperature-, precipitation- and snow-related indices relevant for herding within the RMA was derived from spatially interpolated daily meteorological data (1981–2010). Climat…

The evolution of temperature tolerance and invasiveness in a fluctuating thermal environment

2016

The consequences of the climate change on species are still uncertain, despite of intensive research. Currently, rising temperature is not the only concern, since the climate change scenarios also predict increases in the amount of disturbances, such as storms, floods, and thermal fluctuations. Disturbances have also been shown to affect species’ evolution, for example by selecting for traits that are advantageous in fluctuating environments but are also facilitating invasiveness. In this thesis, I study the consequences of evolving in a fluctuating thermal environment by utilizing bacterial microcosms. First I tested the effects of fluctuating vs. constant temperature on the evolution of t…

Implications of heat waves on immune defence, life history traits, and adaptive potential : a snail's perspective

2014

Tulevat ilmastot ja sosiaalityön etiikka

2018

Sosiaalityössä olisi kiireesti terävöitettävä tilallisesti ja ajallisesti kaukaisia toisia koskevaa etiikka, jotta ala kykenisi nykyistä paremmin reagoimaan globaaleihin tai ajan myötä kumuloituviin uhkiin ja niiden aiheuttamaan haavoittuvuuteen. Erityisen ajankohtaiseksi asian tekee ihmisen aiheuttama ilmastonmuutos, joka lisää jo nyt (noin +1⁰ esiteollisesta ajasta) eriarvoisuutta ja haavoittuvuutta esimerkiksi konfliktien, siirtolaisuuden, ruokapulan ja sairauksien taustatekijänä. Vaikka kukaan ei ole suojassa ilmaston lämpenemisen vaikutuksilta, kaikkein suojattomimpia ovat köyhät, marginalisoidut ja muuten haavoittuvissa asemissa olevat ihmiset, joiden resurssit suojautua ja sopeutua o…

Ilmasto muuttuu ja muuttaa maailmaa – mutta muuttuuko sosiaalityö?

2020

Global, National, or Market? Emerging REDD+ Governance Practices in Mozambique and Tanzania

2016

This article examines emerging governance practices in the REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) initiative. We examine three different general governance practices (neoliberal, post-national, and government-led practices) that have been applied in the interaction between international organizations and two REDD target countries: Mozambique and Tanzania. In these countries, we find that emerging REDD+ governance practices are a mixture of international organizations’ procedural practices and the target country’s established governance practices, whereas neoliberal practices are weakly expressed. These findings call into question the simplified assumption of re…